Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Conny Stumptner, Vanessa Stadlbauer, Dominic O'Neil, Andre Gessner, Andreas Hiergeist, Kurt Zatloukal, Peter M. Abuja
Summary: This article introduces the European pre-analytical standard for microbiome DNA analysis in human specimens and discusses the importance and advantages of standardization in biomedical research.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Cassandra Rauert, Elisabeth S. Rodland, Elvis D. Okoffo, Malcolm J. Reid, Sondre Meland, Kevin Thomas
Summary: Environmental monitoring data on tire road wear particles are limited due to challenges in quantification. A study on commercially available tires from Australia and Norway found that synthetic rubber content varied significantly among different brands and models, suggesting the need for refinement of the ISO method and large-scale analysis of commercial tire treads.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Robert H. Vander Stichele, Joseph Roumier, Dirk van Nimwegen
Summary: This work aims to analyze the characteristics of the EDQM terminology, propose minor changes, and create a small ontology for dose forms. Through quantitative and qualitative analysis, the manageable dose forms of 143 transformable PDFs were identified. An ontology and different combinations of aggregations were created for the 428 PDFs of EDQM.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Asako Murayama, Haruka Momose, Norie Yamada, Keiji Matsubayashi, Masamichi Muramatsu, Isao Hamaguchi, Takanobu Kato
Summary: This study evaluated the performance of thirteen anti-HCV, five HCV RNA, and two HCV Ag kits using International Standards for HCV RNA and HCV Ag. All anti-HCV kits correctly diagnosed specimens in the regional reference panel, while HCV RNA kits quantified the International Standard with minimum deviation and diagnosed the reference panel specimens correctly. However, some HCV Ag kits showed inconsistent quantification of the International Standard.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Clara Wollenhaupt, Thomas Sudhop, Werner Knoess
Summary: The EU's IVDR introduces companion diagnostics (CDx) as a new legal term, aimed at identifying patient subgroups most likely to benefit from a treatment. A systematic search in a clinical trials database identified 3643 trials conducted between 2004 and 2022, analyzing the use of biomarker testing in patient stratification, with PD-L1 and HER2 being the most frequently tested biomarkers. The findings also suggest overlap with non-European authorities implementing the CDx concept, indicating potential CDx candidates under the IVDR.
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Klaus W. Neuhaus, Florin Eggmann, Jan Kuhnisch, Svetlana Kapor, Mila Janjic Rankovic, Ina Schueler, Felix Krause, Adrian Lussi, Stavroula Michou, Kim Ekstrand, Marie-Charlotte Huysmans
Summary: This paper presents recommendations from an international workshop on methodology and reporting of caries diagnostic studies. The STARCARDDS checklist was modified to focus on issues like sample selection, blinding, and detailed reporting of results to improve the quality and comparability of future studies on caries detection and diagnosis.
CLINICAL ORAL INVESTIGATIONS
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Elena Zharkikh, Viktor V. Dremin, Andrey Dunaev
Summary: This paper describes the process and results of numerical Monte Carlo simulation of optical radiation propagation in laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) and fluorescence spectroscopy (FS) channels of a wearable diagnostic multimodal device. A multilayer skin model with different parameters of blood and melanin content and different distances between sources and radiation receivers was designed to achieve the goal. The changes in the sampling (diagnostic) volume depending on the anatomical features of the biological tissues, as well as on the technical parameters of the device were shown. Depending on the scattering media optical properties and the source-detector configuration of the device, the diagnostic volume can range from 2 to 7 mm(3). The obtained results allow the formation of specialized medical and technical requirements for wearable multimodal devices implementing LDF and FS channels.
JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Ran Xu, Johannes Achberger, Dario von Wedel, Peter Vajkoczy, Julia Onken, Ulf C. Schneider
Summary: The utilization of epidural electrodes in the preoperative evaluation of intractable epilepsy is a valuable tool. This study reports the experience with cylindrical epidural 1-contact electrodes (1-CE) as a replacement for Peg electrodes in 56 patients. The results demonstrate that epidural recording via 1-CE is technically feasible, harbors an acceptable complication rate, and adequately replaces Peg electrodes.
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Andres Escobar, Alex Diab-Liu, Kamaya Bosland, Chang-qing Xu
Summary: The global economic and healthcare crises caused by the COVID-19 pandemic have led to significant changes in human habits. Microfluidic technology, with its potential diagnostic applications, has shown effective detection of various viruses and is considered as an alternative to current rapid tests for highly virulent diseases. This review explores the use of microfluidics and RNA-based virus detection methods in improving diagnostic capabilities and preparing for future pandemics.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Michael Muljadi, Chao-Min Cheng, Ching-Ju Shen
Summary: The paper-based MTT-PMS strips can serve as a rapid and convenient early bacteria screening tool, particularly useful in clinical, agricultural, and environmental applications.
Article
Thermodynamics
Debayan Das, P. K. Panigrahi
Summary: The study conducted thermal design and energy consumption analysis of a paper-based LAMP point-of-care device using CFD analysis for the first time. It was found that two discrete heating configurations with high horizontal clearance were effective in reducing energy consumption, and two portable AA batteries were sufficient for device operation. Overall, the research successfully demonstrated energy optimization and operational speed of the POC medical device through detailed thermal analysis.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Pathology
Audrey M. M. Hermans, Marc Maliepaard, Wouter P. C. Boon, Anna M. G. Pasmooij
Summary: The study investigated the current use of companion diagnostics (CDx) in hospital practice in the Netherlands, focusing on factors influencing the choice between in-house or commercial CDx. Factors such as costs, convenience, complexity of application, and compatibility with existing workflows were found to play key roles. Concerns were raised about potential increased costs, administrative work, and decreased quality with the introduction of the In Vitro Diagnostics Regulation 2017/746 (IVDR).
EXPERT REVIEW OF MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTICS
(2022)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
A. Kargarian, M. Sedaghat Movahhed
Summary: This paper measured the plasma parameters in the Iranian-Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Fusion (IR-IECF) device using a Langmuir probe system. Different conditions of discharge voltage and current were studied to determine plasma parameters, and the probe was moved between the electrodes to measure plasma parameters at different distances from the center of the IR-IECF device.
JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION
(2021)
Article
Virology
Haruka Momose, Asako Murayama, Norie Yamada, Keiji Matsubayashi, Sahoko Matsuoka, Emi Ikebe, Madoka Kuramitsu, Masamichi Muramatsu, Takanobu Kato, Isao Hamaguchi
Summary: This study evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of 5 HBV DNA and 14 HBsAg test kits. The results showed that these test kits had sufficient sensitivity and specificity for HBV infection, and HBV DNA titers were not affected by HBV genotypes. However, there were variations in the quantification of HBsAg titers among the evaluated kits, and genotype-dependent amino acid variations may affect the measurement of HBsAg titers.
Article
Microbiology
Verena Roetzer, Jasmin Wenderlein, Anna Wiesinger, Felix Versen, Elke Rauch, Reinhard K. Straubinger, Eva Zeiler
Summary: Bovine udder health is crucial for animal wellbeing and dairy farm economy. The conventional culturing of milk samples is the standard method for diagnosing mastitis, but molecular methods like sequencing offer a deeper insight into bacterial diversity. This study evaluated udder health using both standard methods and 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and found consistent results in subclinical or latent mastitis cases. Molecular biological approaches can provide promising insights into udder pathologies and aid in understanding mastitis incidence.
Article
Cell Biology
Caterina Bernacchioni, Roberta Squecco, Tania Gamberi, Veronica Ghini, Fabian Schumacher, Michele Mannelli, Rachele Garella, Eglantina Idrizaj, Francesca Cencetti, Elisa Puliti, Paola Bruni, Paola Turano, Tania Fiaschi, Chiara Donati
Summary: This study provides experimental evidence that S1P signaling is modulated by globular Adn treatment, increasing the phosphorylation of SK1/2 and mRNA expression levels of S1P(4) in C2C12 myotubes. The involvement of the S1P axis in Adn action was highlighted, as inhibition of SK1 and 2 significantly inhibited the electrophysiological changes, oxygen consumption, and amino acid levels induced by the hormone. These findings demonstrate the importance of S1P biosynthesis for the electrophysiological properties and oxidative metabolism of Adn in skeletal muscle cells.
Article
Neurosciences
Gaia Meoni, Leonardo Tenori, Sebastian Schade, Cristina Licari, Chiara Pirazzini, Maria Giulia Bacalini, Paolo Garagnani, Paola Turano, Claudia Trenkwalder, Claudio Franceschi, Brit Mollenhauer, Claudio Luchinat
Summary: Parkinson's disease is the neurological disorder with the highest increase in prevalence. The lack of precise diagnosis at early stages remains a challenge. Metabolomics has provided valuable insights into the molecular basis of PD and potential biomarkers for early detection and treatment efficacy. In this study, NMR was used to analyze serum samples from German PD patients, revealing more pronounced pathological characteristics in male patients and confirming altered levels of acetone and cholesterol. Additionally, stronger oxidative stress markers were detected.
NPJ PARKINSONS DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Alessia Vignoli, Leonardo Tenori, Cristina Morsiani, Paola Turano, Miriam Capri, Claudio Luchinat
Summary: Blood derivatives are commonly used in metabolomic clinical studies due to their low invasiveness and rich biological information. However, the choice of blood collection tubes can affect the metabolic content of plasma and serum. In this study, the metabolomic and lipoprotein profiles of blood samples collected using different tubes were compared. Results showed significant alterations in metabolites and correlations among the three blood matrices. The influence of blood collection tubes on lipoprotein profiles was also observed but to a lesser extent. Overcoming the issue of different collection tubes is crucial for scaling metabolomics and lipoprotein analysis in epidemiological studies. A statistical solution based on regression was proposed to reduce the alterations induced by different collection tubes for both metabolomic and lipoprotein profiles.
JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Dermatology
Nicoleta Neagu, Caterina Dianzani, Aldo Venuti, Serena Bonin, Septimiu Voidazan, Iris Zalaudek, Claudio Conforti
Summary: Keratinocyte skin cancers are the most frequent malignancy, and the distribution of different HPV subtypes in these cancers may provide new possibilities for future treatments.
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY AND VENEREOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Orthopedics
Bernhard Springer, Robin Dreisbach, Klaus-Dieter Schatz, Bernd Kubista, Wenzel Waldstein
Summary: This study evaluated the information quality of YouTube videos regarding postoperative patient information and rehabilitation after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. Most of the videos were of poor quality, with videos uploaded by medically trained professionals offering better information. The findings suggest that physicians should provide alternative sources of high-quality information to patients.
ARTHROSCOPY-THE JOURNAL OF ARTHROSCOPIC AND RELATED SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Domenico Tierno, Eros Azzalini, Rossella Farra, Sara Drioli, Fulvia Felluga, Marco Lazzarino, Gabriele Grassi, Barbara Dapas, Serena Bonin
Summary: Epithelial ovarian cancers (EOCs) are a heterogeneous group of tumors with different molecular and clinical features. Few improvements have been achieved in terms of EOC management and treatment efficacy, and the 5-year survival rate of patients remained almost unchanged. A better characterization of EOCs' heterogeneity is needed to identify vulnerabilities, stratify patients, and adopt proper therapies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Paolo Fattorini, Carlo Previdere, Serena Bonin, Solange Sorcaburu Ciglieri, Pierangela Grignani, Paola Pitacco, Monica Concato, Barbara Bertoglio, Irena Zupanic Pajnic
Summary: In this article, multiple analytical strategies developed for forensic purposes were applied to three bone samples collected in 2011. DNA was successfully extracted from the patella bone sample of Baron Pasquale Revoltella (1795-1869) and used for genetic typing using PCR-CE and PCR-MPS technologies. However, the samples extracted from the trabecular inner part of the femurs did not yield typing results, while the samples extracted from the compact cortical part allowed genetic typing even with PCR-CE technology.
Article
Microbiology
Christopher Riccardi, Marzia Calvanese, Veronica Ghini, Tania Alonso-Vasquez, Elena Perrin, Paola Turano, Giorgio Giurato, Alessandro Weisz, Ermenegilda Parrilli, Maria Luisa Tutino, Marco Fondi
Summary: This study investigates the maintenance of metabolic homeostasis in a cold-adapted marine bacterium during growth at significantly different temperatures. The research shows a strong metabolic stability at the level of the main central metabolites but significant changes in gene expression at the transcriptional level. These findings suggest a transcriptomic buffering of cellular metabolism to produce overlapping metabolic phenotypes despite the temperature gap.
Review
Oncology
Ludovica Toffoli, Caterina Dianzani, Serena Bonin, Claudio Guarneri, Fabrizio Guarneri, Roberta Giuffrida, Iris Zalaudek, Claudio Conforti
Summary: Actinic keratosis (AK) is a premalignant skin lesion caused by chronic sun damage. The new formulation of 4% 5-Fluorouracil with once daily application is a highly effective and safe treatment for multiple actinic keratoses.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Serena Bonin, Stefano D'Errico, Caterina Medeot, Carlo Moreschi, Solange Sorcaburu Ciglieri, Michela Peruch, Monica Concato, Eros Azzalini, Carlo Previdere, Paolo Fattorini
Summary: Identifying novel biomarkers for forensic medicine is difficult due to sample degradation. This study tested three candidate miRNAs in cases of fatal traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) and found significantly higher expression levels compared to control subjects. The miRNAs were not affected by specific brain areas or post-mortem intervals, but showed correlation with agonal time in TBI deaths. The highly degraded RNA in the autopsy tissues highlights the need for standardizing pre-analytical processes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eros Azzalini, Giorgio Stanta, Vincenzo Canzonieri, Serena Bonin
Summary: Ovarian cancers are a group of neoplasms with distinct clinical, pathological, and molecular features. Among these, high-grade serous ovarian cancers (HGSOCs) are the most prevalent and exhibit high intratumor heterogeneity. The histological patterns and clonal evolution of HGSOCs have prognostic implications and are influenced by non-clonal intratumor heterogeneity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kieran D. O'Malley, Henry Schofield, Patrick G. R. Wright, Daniel Hargreaves, Tom Kitching, Marina Bollo Palacios, Fiona Mathews
Summary: Identifying peaks of bat activity through acoustic monitoring can help locate bat colonies, and a triage system based on this method can be used to prioritize survey efforts. This study successfully developed a methodology for predicting woodland occupancy by barbastelle bats using acoustic data, and validated it through citizen science surveys and specialist tracking surveys.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Veronica Ghini, Michele Mannelli, Lara Massai, Andrea Geri, Stefano Zineddu, Tania Gamberi, Luigi Messori, Paola Turano
Summary: NMR metabolomics is a valuable approach for studying changes in cancer cell metabolism caused by anticancer drugs. This study investigates the significant metabolic alterations induced by two cytotoxic gold carbene compounds in A2780 ovarian cancer cells and compares them to auranofin, providing insights into the underlying mechanisms.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Jianfei Chen, Ziwei Chen, Jilong Zhang, Wuchao Zhuang, Xiaotong Zheng
Summary: This study utilized different algorithms to evaluate the stability of internal reference genes in the gastrointestinal tract of chickens. The most suitable reference genes for each type of GI tissue were identified. Commonly used internal reference genes exhibited poor stability and are not recommended for future gene expression studies in the GI region.
Article
Mycology
Relber Aguiar Goncales, Igor Godinho Portis, Thaila Fernanda dos Reis, Luiz Roberto Basso Junior, Roberto Martinez, Heng Zhu, Maristela Pereira, Celia Maria de Almeida Soares, Paulo Sergio Rodrigues Coelho
Summary: In this study, expression analysis of GPI-anchored proteins in Paracoccidioides brasiliensis was conducted. The findings revealed increased expression levels of certain proteins in the mycelium and yeast forms, and these proteins showed immune reactivity against sera obtained from PCM patients. These results provide valuable information about the function of GPI-anchored proteins and their potential as diagnostic markers.
FRONTIERS IN FUNGAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
