Article
Plant Sciences
Elena Gultyaeva, Ekaterina Shaydayuk
Summary: The significance of yellow rust caused by Puccinia striiformis (Pst) has increased worldwide, including in Russia. The study aimed to explore the yellow rust resistance potential of modern common winter wheat cultivars included in the Russian Register of Breeding Achievements. The research found that some cultivars had multiple resistance genes, which can enhance genetic diversity and overall yellow rust resistance.
Article
Agronomy
Fernando Martinez-Moreno, Patricia Giraldo, Cristina Nieto, Magdalena Ruiz
Summary: A study evaluated the resistance of 84 bread wheat Spanish landraces to leaf rust and yellow rust. It was found that resistant landraces mostly originated from the north-west region with higher precipitation and more uniform temperatures.
Article
Agronomy
Bowei Ye, Ravi P. Singh, Chan Yuan, Demei Liu, Mandeep S. Randhawa, Julio Huerta-Espino, Sridhar Bhavani, Evans Lagudah, Caixia Lan
Summary: This study determined the genetic basis of resistance to leaf rust (LR) and stripe rust (YR) in wheat variety Borlaug 100. Multiple resistance genes were found to significantly affect the severity of the diseases, and their additive and interactive effects were observed. The results provide resistance sources for wheat breeding programs.
Article
Plant Sciences
Yunqian Wang, Cong Liu, Yuanyuan Du, Kunyan Cai, Yanfeng Wang, Jia Guo, Xingxuan Bai, Zhensheng Kang, Jun Guo
Summary: This study identifies a Pst effector, PstSIE1, that targets the immune component TaSGT1 and is involved in suppressing wheat defense. Overexpression of PstSIE1 increases the number of rust pustules and reduces the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS).
Article
Entomology
Hany H. A. El-Sharkawy, Younes M. Rashad, Nahla T. Elazab
Summary: This study investigated the biocontrol activity of mycorrhizal colonization and/or application of Streptomyces viridosporus HH1 against wheat stripe rust. The results showed that this treatment significantly reduced the disease severity and upregulated the expression of defensive genes and antioxidant enzymes in infected wheat plants. Moreover, it also positively influenced the photosynthetic pigments in wheat leaves.
Article
Agronomy
Deepak Kumar Baranwal, Harbans Bariana, Urmil Bansal
Summary: The deployment of combinations of resistance genes in future wheat cultivars can save yield losses caused by the stripe rust pathogen. This study identified a new resistance gene YrAW12 and several genomic regions controlling stripe rust resistance in a Tunisian landrace Aus26670. The detailed mapping of these genomic regions will lead to permanent designation of these loci.
MOLECULAR BREEDING
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Elena Gultyaeva, Philipp Gannibal, Ekaterina Shaydayuk
Summary: This study investigated leaf rust of wheat in the North-Western Region of Russia and found temporal variation in the virulence of the Puccinia triticina pathogen. Virulence to certain genes decreased over time, while virulence to Lr1 increased. Variability in virulence was observed for other genes as well. The overall trend in recent years has been a reduction in the virulence of the Pt pathogen.
Article
Plant Sciences
Alma Kokhmetova, Aralbek Rsaliyev, Angelina Malysheva, Makpal Atishova, Madina Kumarbayeva, Zhenis Keishilov
Summary: Stripe rust caused by Puccinia striiformis f.sp. tritici is a serious threat to wheat crops globally, including Kazakhstan. This study evaluated 70 winter wheat genotypes for resistance, identifying 42 entries with resistance reactions, six of which were considered to have a high level of adult plant resistance. Key resistance genes such as Yr10, Yr5, and Yr15 were identified in the wheat germplasm, providing potential targets for breeding programs.
Article
Plant Sciences
Can Chen, Weihao Hao, Jingchun Wu, Hongqi Si, Xianchun Xia, Chuanxi Ma
Summary: This study identified a new stripe rust resistance gene, YrJ22, in wheat, and used RNA-Seq and mutant mapping analysis to fine-map the gene. Molecular markers associated with YrJ22 were also identified.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Chao Kai-xiang, Wu Cai-juan, Li Juan, Wang Wen-li, Wang Bao-tong, Li Qiang
Summary: The study found that Wudubaijian, a wheat landrace in China, exhibits resistance to stripe rust, and two stable quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were identified through genetic mapping and molecular markers.
JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE AGRICULTURE
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Maryam Tariq, Javed Iqbal Mirza, Shaukat Hussain, Naeela Qureshi, Kerrie Forrest, Harbans Bariana, Urmil Bansal
Summary: Stripe rust caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst) is a major disease in wheat growing regions, and this study aimed to characterize stripe rust resistance in a common wheat landrace PI388231 from Pakistan. The study identified a single gene YrPak conferring resistance against prevalent Pst pathotypes in Pakistan, located on chromosome 5B. In addition to YrPak, the population also segregated for two other adult plant resistance genes.
Review
Agronomy
Elena Gultyaeva, Ekaterina Shaydayuk, Philipp Gannibal
Summary: Winter wheat is mainly grown in the North Caucasian, Central Black Earth, and Central agroecological regions in Russia, while spring wheat dominates in the Urals, Volga region, and Western Siberia. Wheat leaf rust, caused by Puccinia triticina, is an important disease affecting wheat production. Research shows that the evolution of the wheat leaf rust pathogen occurs more frequently in regions where pathotype-specific resistance cultivars are commonly grown.
Article
Agronomy
Kamran Saleem, Mogens Stovring Hovmoller, Rodrigo Labouriau, Annemarie Fejer Justesen, Jihad Orabi, Jeppe Reitan Andersen, Chris Khadgi Sorensen
Summary: We characterized yellow rust resistance in sixteen winter wheat breeding lines using diverse pathogen races and microscopic phenotyping. Our findings showed that different lines exhibited varying levels of resistance against different pathogen races.
Article
Plant Sciences
Firdissa E. Bokore, Richard D. Cuthbert, Ron E. Knox, Colin W. Hiebert, Curtis J. Pozniak, Samia Berraies, Yuefeng Ruan, Brad Meyer, Pierre Hucl, Brent D. McCallum
Summary: This study aimed to identify and map the leaf rust resistance of six Canadian Western Red Spring wheat cultivars. Three doubled haploid populations were evaluated for seedling resistance and adult plant disease response and genotyped with a SNP array. Multiple QTL for leaf rust resistance were found in each population, with contributions from different cultivars. The results provide valuable information for resistance breeding and expanding our knowledge of leaf rust resistance genes in Canadian wheat.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Yahui Li, Ruiming Lin, Jinghuang Hu, Xiaohan Shi, Dan Qiu, Peipei Wu, Gebremedhin Habteab Goitom, Siqi Wang, Hongjun Zhang, Li Yang, Hongwei Liu, Qiuhong Wu, Jingzhong Xie, Yang Zhou, Zhiyong Liu, Hongjie Li
Summary: A new stripe rust resistance gene called Yr041133 was identified in winter wheat line 041133, which exhibited resistance to multiple pathotypes of the disease.
Review
Plant Sciences
Shilpa, Rajni Kant Thakur, Pramod Prasad, S. C. Bhardwaj, O. P. Gangwar, Subodh Kumar
Summary: The outcome of host-pathogen interactions is influenced by both genetic and epigenetic systems.
Article
Plant Sciences
Subodh Kumar, Subhash Chander Bhardwaj, Om Prakash Gangwar, Pramod Prasad, Ranjana Chakrabarty, Prem Lal Kashyap, Hanif Khan, Siddanna Savadi, Baidya Nath Mahato, Paritosh Kumar Malaker
Summary: This study surveyed wheat growing areas in Northeast India, Nepal, Bhutan, and Bangladesh and identified five new pathotypes of Puccinia triticina. These pathotypes exhibited diverse virulence on leaf rust resistance genes, with some Indian wheat cultivars' resistance genes being ineffective against the new pathotypes. In contrast, other resistance genes were effective against these pathotypes. Based on SSR markers, these pathotypes were distinct and could be categorized into two groups.
AUSTRALASIAN PLANT PATHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hanif Khan, Shabir Hussain Wani, Subhash Chander Bhardwaj, Kirti Rani, Santosh Kumar Bishnoi, Gyanendra Pratap Singh
Summary: Despite being discovered in Brazil in 1985, the fundamental concepts of genetics, race classification, and epidemiology of the Wheat spike blast causing fungus MoT are still evolving. The fungus continuously evolves into pathotypes resistant to wheat's defenses and currently effective fungicides, posing a challenge for researchers. The airborne and geographically adaptable fungus threatens nations heavily dependent on wheat for food security. International collaboration and policies regarding seed movement are crucial in managing and controlling the spread of this deadly wheat disease.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Hanif Khan, Gopalareddy Krishnappa, Satish Kumar, Chandra Nath Mishra, Om Parkash, Abhishek Rathore, Roma Rani Das, Rajbir Yadav, Hari Krishna, Om Parkash Bishnoi, Virinder Singh Sohu, Ramadas Sendhil, Sonu Singh Yadav, Gyanendra Singh, Gyanendra Pratap Singh
Summary: The study of spring wheat varieties from the North-Western Plains Zone (NWPZ) of India over the past 55 years showed a significant improvement in grain yield, with a genetic gain of 1.21% per year. To achieve a higher rate of genetic gain, it is necessary to make more systematic use of genetic diversity and apply new breeding approaches.
CEREAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gopalareddy Krishnappa, Hanif Khan, Hari Krishna, Satish Kumar, Chandra Nath Mishra, Om Parkash, Narayana Bhat Devate, Thirunavukkarasu Nepolean, Nagenahalli Dharmegowda Rathan, Harohalli Masthigowda Mamrutha, Puja Srivastava, Suma Biradar, Govindareddy Uday, Monu Kumar, Gyanendra Singh, Gyanendra Pratap Singh
Summary: Genetic biofortification is an effective strategy to reduce micronutrient malnutrition, and this study provides valuable insights into the genomic regions governing grain iron and zinc concentration, as well as thousand kernel weight in bread wheat. The identified marker-trait associations and candidate genes can be used for marker-assisted selection to develop biofortified wheat varieties and alleviate malnutrition problems.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Neelu Jain, Aalok Shiv, Nivedita Sinha, P. K. Singh, Pramod Prasad, H. S. Balyan, P. K. Gupta
Summary: sRNA-seq and degradome analysis were performed to identify miRNAs and their target genes in two NILs with different leaf rust resistance gene Lr28. The study identified 506 known and 346 novel miRNAs, as well as 5054 target genes including in silico predicted and degradome-based genes using 105 differentially expressed miRNAs. Among the targets, 58 genes showed an inverse relationship with DE miRNAs. Eight conserved miRNA families induced in response to fungal diseases were identified. The study also suggested a complex interplay between miRNA genes, target genes, and epigenetic controls in regulating downstream disease resistance pathways.
FUNCTIONAL & INTEGRATIVE GENOMICS
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Anjan Kumar Pradhan, Neeraj Budhlakoti, Dwijesh Chandra Mishra, Pramod Prasad, S. C. Bhardwaj, Sindhu Sareen, M. Sivasamy, P. Jayaprakash, M. Geetha, R. Nisha, P. Shajitha, John Peter, Amandeep Kaur, Satinder Kaur, V. K. Vikas, Kuldeep Singh, Sundeep Kumar
Summary: We identified 20 reliable quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for seedling and adult plant resistance to stem rust in a association mapping panel of 400 germplasm accessions. Gene ontology analysis identified 21 potential candidate genes underlying these QTLs, including a leucine rich repeat receptor (LRR) and P-loop nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase. Four of the QTLs were validated using the KASP method, and these QTLs have the potential to be used in wheat improvement programs for developing disease resistant varieties.
Article
Microbiology
Alok K. Srivastava, Ruchi Srivastava, Jagriti Yadav, Alok K. Singh, Praveen K. Tiwari, Anchal K. Srivastava, Pramod K. Sahu, Shiv M. Singh, Prem Lal Kashyap
Summary: This study focused on the analysis of the whole genome of Fusarium udum, a pathogen causing wilt in pigeon pea. Through de novo assembly, a total of 16,179 protein-coding genes were identified, with 11,892 (73.50%) genes annotated using BlastP and 8,928 (55.18%) genes from KOG annotation. In addition, 5,134 unique InterPro domains were detected in the annotated genes. The analysis also identified 1,060 genes (6.55%) as virulence genes and 1,439 secretory proteins in the secretome profiling. Comparative mining revealed common and specific effectors related to host cell death in F. udum. The study highlights the importance of deciphering the whole genome of F. udum in understanding various aspects of the pathogen.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Gopalareddy Krishnappa, Hanif Khan, Hari Krishna, Narayana Bhat Devate, Satish Kumar, Chandra Nath Mishra, Om Parkash, Sachin Kumar, Monu Kumar, Harohalli Masthigowda Mamrutha, Gyanendra Pratap Singh, Gyanendra Singh
Summary: In this study, genomic regions controlling grain protein content (GPC), 1000 kernel weight (TKW), and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) were investigated in 280 bread wheat genotypes. A total of 26 marker-trait associations (MTAs) were identified on 18 chromosomes across the A, B, and D subgenomes. The GPC exhibited the highest number of MTAs (16), followed by NDVI (6), and TKW (4). In silico analysis indicated that the SNPs were located on important candidate genes involved in various biological processes. The newly identified MTAs will be further validated in different genetic backgrounds for marker-assisted breeding.
Article
Plant Sciences
Hanif Khan, Harohalli Masthigowda Mamrutha, Chandra Nath Mishra, Gopalareddy Krishnappa, Ramadas Sendhil, Om Parkash, Arun Kumar Joshi, Ravish Chatrath, Bhudeva Singh Tyagi, Gyanendra Singh, Gyanendra Pratap Singh
Summary: Wheat is a major staple food crop in India and South Asia, but the current rate of genetic gain in wheat is insufficient to meet future demand. Climate change and yield loss necessitate the need for climate-resilient practices to sustain wheat production. A new High Yield Potential Trial (HYPT) conducted in India demonstrated that modified agronomic practices and early sowing can significantly increase wheat yields by 19.4%. This study highlights the potential of integrated practices in achieving profitable wheat yields in the context of climate change.
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Charu Lata, Anshul Sharma Manjul, Pramod Prasad, O. P. Gangwar, Sneha Adhikari, Subodh Kumar, S. C. Bhardwaj, Gyanendra Singh, Mahesh Kumar Samota, Mukesh Choudhary, Abhishek Bohra, Rajeev K. Varshney
Summary: Plant diseases pose a threat to global food security by reducing crop production and quality. Finding disease resistance sources and using them in crop improvement is crucial. However, the constant evolution of pathogens weakens the resistance of cultivars, requiring the constant development of disease-resistant varieties. Molecular tools and technologies can be used to develop crop varieties with resistance to multiple pathogens, such as Puccinia spp., through efficient manipulation of sugar transporters.
FUNCTIONAL & INTEGRATIVE GENOMICS
(2023)
Article
Horticulture
Siddanna Savadi, J. D. Adiga, B. M. Muralidhara, Pramod Prasad, K. Manjunatha, K. Ashwitha, Gokul Mohan, Manju Manuel, K. Manoj
Summary: A commercial clone of cashew, Nethra Vaman, was resequenced and its whole genome was analyzed, resulting in the identification of 420,560 SNPs and 26,987 InDels. The analysis of these genome-wide variants revealed enriched pathways related to plant hormone signal transduction and MAPK. Additionally, a set of InDel markers was developed and showed high informativeness. Cross-species amplification of these markers confirmed their effectiveness in other related species. The analysis of genetic diversity using these markers clustered the samples into three main groups.
SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Pramod Prasad, Neelu Jain, Jyoti Chaudhary, Rajni Kant Thakur, Siddanna Savadi, Subhash Chander Bhardwaj, Om Prakash Gangwar, Charu Lata, Sneha Adhikari, Subodh Kumar, Harindra Singh Balyan, Pushpendra Kumar Gupta
Summary: This study identified 13 coding sequences (CDSs) of Puccinia triticina through transcriptome analysis and predicted their effector-like features using in-silico tools. Further analysis revealed 6 candidate effectors that play important roles in the interaction between the wheat and leaf rust.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Pramod Prasad, Rajnikant Thakur, S. C. Bhardwaj, Siddanna Savadi, O. P. Gangwar, Charu Lata, Sneha Adhikari, Subodh Kumar, Sonu Kundu, A. S. Manjul, T. L. Prakasha, Sudhir Navathe, G. M. Hegde, B. C. Game, K. K. Mishra, Hanif Khan, Vikas Gupta, C. N. Mishra, Satish Kumar, Sudheer Kumar, Gyanendra Singh
Summary: Wheat stem rust, caused by Pgt, is a major concern for global wheat production. Understanding the characteristics, genetic diversity, origin, distribution, and evolutionary pattern of Pgt is crucial for managing newly emerging isolates through host resistance. In this study, stem rust occurrence in India and neighboring countries was monitored, Pgt isolates were collected and analyzed for virulence phenotypes and molecular genotypes. Several wheat varieties were found to have complete resistance to multiple Pgt pathotypes.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Plant Sciences
Ravinder Kumar, Milan Kumar Lal, Pramod Prasad, Rahul Kumar Tiwari
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
