4.4 Article

Carbon nanotubes/SiC prepared by catalytic chemical vapor deposition as scaffold for improved lithium-sulfur batteries

Journal

JOURNAL OF NANOPARTICLE RESEARCH
Volume 21, Issue 6, Pages -

Publisher

SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s11051-019-4540-3

Keywords

Carbon nanotubes; SiC; Li-S batteries; Electrochemical performance; Modeling and simulation; Energy storage

Funding

  1. Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province of China [E2015202037]
  2. Science and Technology Correspondent Project of Tianjin [14JCTPJC00496]
  3. Cultivation project of National Engineering Technology Center [2017B090903008]

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The low conductivity of sulfur and shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides have limited the applications of Li-S batteries. In this account, carbon nanotubes/SiC (CNTs/SiC) composites were prepared by means of catalytic chemical vapor deposition (CCVD). SiC was used as the matrix for growth of CNTs and ferrocene served as catalyst. The surface of SiC was successfully loaded with carbon nanotubes, which underwent increasing growth to form clusters. Sulfur was added into CNTs/SiC by the hydrothermal method to yield sulfur-carbon nanotubes/SiC composites (S-CNTs/SiC) for Li-S batteries. SiC was strongly bound to lithium polysulfides (LPS) through chemical interactions and CNTs attracted LPS by physical absorption. CNTs provided good electrical conductivity for the overall composite and SiC enhanced adsorption ability of LPS. DFT calculation was carried out to illustrate direct Si-S interaction and strong confinement on LPS of SiC. Both factors synergistically reduced loss in active substances during battery cycling. The resulting S-CNTs/SiC electrodes displayed discharge capacity of 685mAhg(-1) at 0.1C after 100cycles, coupled with excellent cycle performance of 316mAhg(-1) after 400cycles at 1C.

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