Review
Immunology
Wen Cao, Dongsheng Fan
Summary: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease characterized by motor neuron loss. Dysregulated peripheral immunity, particularly the role of neutrophils, has been implicated in ALS pathogenesis. Understanding the functions of neutrophils in ALS and their potential as therapeutic targets could provide insights into slowing disease progression.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Saad S. Al-Shehri
Summary: The innate immune system plays a crucial role in fighting pathogens, with reactive oxygen and nitrogen species serving as key components. However, high concentrations of these reactive species may damage microbial biomolecules. The system can generate more biocidal agents through interactions between its components, and deficiencies in these antimicrobial agents can lead to severe infections and immunocompromised diseases.
Article
Cell Biology
Andrea J. Wolf, Jose J. Limon, Christopher Nguyen, Alexander Prince, Anthony Castro, David M. Underhill
Summary: Malassezia spp. yeasts are commonly found on mammalian skin, but can also be found in the intestines in certain diseases. They induce inflammatory responses by activating proinflammatory cytokine production, mainly through the Dectin2 and CARD9 signaling pathways, and stimulate NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
JOURNAL OF LEUKOCYTE BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Edna Ayerim Mandujano-Tinoco, Eliya Sultan, Aner Ottolenghi, Orly Gershoni-Yahalom, Benyamin Rosental
Summary: The evolution of the immune system is aimed at protecting organisms from infections and providing regenerative capacities and tissue maintenance. Despite the diverse range of effector cells, common features and interesting convergent mechanisms can be observed across different animals. The review explores the evolution of phagocytic and cytotoxic immune lineages, highlighting the diverse function plasticity within evolved immune effector cells.
Article
Microbiology
Joshua A. Kochanowsky, Kaitlin K. Thomas, Anita A. Koshy
Summary: This study demonstrates the importance of the polymorphic effector protein ROP16 in influencing host cell production of ROS independent of IFN-γ, with the deletion of ROP16 leading to restricted parasite growth and survival. The findings suggest a novel mechanism of parasite restriction in human cells through suppression of ROS production by ROP16.
Article
Fisheries
Xiujuan Zhou, Qihui Chen, Luna Chen, Xinqi Liao, Zuoyuan Wang, Fei Zhu
Summary: This study investigated the effect of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on the innate immunity and viral infection of mud crab. The antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) was used to reduce ROS and analyze its impact on various immune parameters. The results showed that ROS played a role in the interaction between hemocytes and virus infection by regulating innate immunity.
FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Con Sullivan, Brandy-Lee Soos, Paul J. Millard, Carol H. Kim, Benjamin L. King
Summary: The zebrafish model is a powerful tool for studying host-virus interactions and inflammation, allowing for focused studies on the innate immune system response to viral infection and revealing significant genetic conservation with the human genome. This model offers opportunities for intensive studies aimed at understanding conserved host responses to viral infection.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Grace A. Snyder, Shir Eliachar, Michael T. Connelly, Shani Talice, Uzi Hadad, Orly Gershoni-Yahalom, William E. Browne, Caroline V. Palmer, Benyamin Rosental, Nikki Traylor-Knowles
Summary: This study identified and characterized phagocytes from coral and sea anemones, demonstrating their role in engulfing bacteria, fungi, beads, as well as self and damaged cells. The findings also showed that phagocytic cells target antigens localize to low pH phagolysosomes, and the inhibition of actin filament rearrangement interferes with efficient particle phagocytosis. Additionally, cellular markers for lysolitic vesicles and reactive oxygen species were found to correlate with hexacorallian phagocytes, laying a foundation for better understanding of their immune cell biology.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Anneloes van Duijn, Sjoerd H. Van der Burg, Ferenc A. Scheeren
Summary: This article focuses on the interactions between myeloid immune cells and anti-tumor immune responses in the tumor microenvironment. Blocking the CD47/SIRP alpha axis can enhance adaptive immune response. The potential therapeutic role of CD47/SIRP alpha axis is discussed in tumors with acquired resistance to classic immunotherapy.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Jacky Lu, Rebecca E. Moore, Sabrina K. Spicer, Ryan S. Doster, Miriam A. Guevara, Jamisha D. Francis, Kristen N. Noble, Lisa M. Rogers, Julie A. Talbert, Michelle L. Korir, Steven D. Townsend, David M. Aronoff, Shannon D. Manning, Jennifer A. Gaddy
Summary: This study reveals how group B Streptococcus (GBS) defends itself against oxidative stress in the infected host. The enzyme encoded by the GBS gene npx is an NADH peroxidase that provides defense against macrophage-derived reactive oxygen stress and facilitates infections of the uterus during pregnancy. This enzyme could represent a tractable target for future treatment strategies against invasive GBS infections.
Article
Immunology
Juliana Bernardi Aggio, Barbara Nery Porto, Claudia Nunes Duarte dos Santos, Ana Luiza Pamplona Mosimann, Pryscilla Fanini Wowk
Summary: This study found that human neutrophils are not permissive to Zika virus infection, but they may participate in shaping Zika virus infection in other target cells by being involved in the infected environment.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Marcella Canton, Ricardo Sanchez-Rodriguez, Iolanda Spera, Francisca C. Venegas, Maria Favia, Antonella Viola, Alessandra Castegna
Summary: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are essential for macrophages to eliminate microorganisms, but also play roles in signal transduction, differentiation, and gene expression; different outcomes may result from ROS formation in specific subcellular sites; identifying the intracellular sources of ROS and their impact on cellular processes is crucial for developing therapies targeting oxidative signaling networks.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Jomkuan Theprungsirikul, Sladjana Skopelja-Gardner, Ashley S. Burns, Rachel M. Wierzbicki, William F. C. Rigby
Summary: Chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection is often associated with CF, BE, and COPD patients, and is linked to abnormalities in BPI immune function. Experimental findings show that BPI plays a crucial role in the in vivo immune response against P. aeruginosa.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mengyang Liu, Yuqing Su, Meng Chen, Jia Wang, Min Liu, Yueying Dai, Chunling Wang, Xiang Luo, Chaoyang Lai, Mingqi Liu, Junqiang Ding, Cong Li, Yawei Hu, Xueying Tang, Xinrong Liu, Yihui Deng, Yanzhi Song
Summary: The ABC phenomenon describes the dilemma of PEG in DDS, with HA and SA indices proposed as supplements for assessing the enhanced hepatic and splenic accumulation in ABC phenomenon.
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Wenny Santaniemi, Pirjo Astrom, Virpi Glumoff, Nora Pernaa, Ella-Noora Tallgren, Sanna Palosaari, Antti Nissinen, Meri Kaustio, Outi Kuismin, Janna Saarela, Katariina Nurmi, Kari K. Eklund, Mikko R. J. Seppanen, Timo Hautala
Summary: In this study, the impact of a heterozygous NFKB1 c.C936T/p.R157X LOF variant on immunity in sterile fasciitis patients and their family members was explored. The variant resulted in reduced p50 or p105 protein levels and elevated IL-1 beta and IL-8 levels, potentially contributing to the high neutrophil counts observed during fasciitis episodes. The variant also led to reduced phosphorylation of p65/RelA in neutrophils, suggesting defective activation of canonical NF-kappa B, and compromised oxidative burst following activation of NF-kappa B-dependent mechanisms.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Makoto Nishikawa, Manabu Kinoshita, Yuji Morimoto, Takuya Ishikiriyama, Masahiro Nakashima, Hiroyuki Nakashima, Takeshi Ono, Shuhji Seki, Tomoyuki Moriya, Junji Yamamoto, Yoji Kishi
Summary: The study showed that LPS preconditioning significantly reduced liver metastasis of Colon26 cells in mice and prolonged survival after tumor inoculation. LPS preconditioning increased the proportions and number of liver NK cells and NKT cells and augmented their intracellular perforin and granzyme B expression, while reducing their intracellular expression of IFN-gamma.
JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Hematology
Enchen Zhou, Zhuang Li, Hiroyuki Nakashima, Cong Liu, Zhixiong Ying, Amanda C. Foks, Jimmy F. P. Berbee, Ko Willems van Dijk, Patrick C. N. Rensen, Yanan Wang
Summary: Brown fat activation attenuates atherosclerosis development by accelerating triglyceride-rich lipoprotein turnover and stimulating reverse cholesterol transport via SRB1. Knockdown of hepatic SRB1 not only increases HDL-cholesterol levels but also reduces plasma triglyceride and non-HDL-cholesterol levels, which explains the reduction in atherosclerosis development. This study suggests that brown fat activation combined with SRB1 modulation could be a potential strategy to treat cardiovascular disease.
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Enchen Zhou, Zhuang Li, Hiroyuki Nakashima, Ahlam Choukoud, Sander Kooijman, Jimmy F. P. Berbee, Patrick C. N. Rensen, Yanan Wang
Summary: Accelerating lipolytic processing of VLDL by brown fat activation can further lower (V)LDL levels and reduce the risk of atherosclerosis.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Manabu Kinoshita, Seigo Ito, Takuya Ishikiriyama, Kumiko Sekiguchi, Ryota Yamaguchi, Ryoichi Tsuruhara, Akihisa Matsuda, Kazuki Koiwa, Masahiro Nakashima, Hiroyuki Nakashima, Masao Miyashita, Shuhji Seki
Summary: Posttreatment with synthetic CRP effectively improves murine bacterial peritonitis by increasing survival rate, reducing viable bacterial counts in the liver, and enhancing the phagocytic activity of Kupffer cells.
JOURNAL OF INNATE IMMUNITY
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Seigo Ito, Masahiro Nakashima, Takuya Ishikiriyama, Hiroyuki Nakashima, Akira Yamagata, Toshihiko Imakiire, Manabu Kinoshita, Shuhji Seki, Hiroo Kumagai, Naoki Oshima
Summary: The study found that oral administration of L-carnitine can alleviate the symptoms of diabetic nephropathy. L-carnitine can reduce the level of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and improve the expression of superoxide dismutase. It also lowers the circulating mitochondrial DNA content. Moreover, L-carnitine can reduce macrophage infiltration and suppress inflammation.
KIDNEY & BLOOD PRESSURE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Transplantation
Hiroyasu Goto, Shinichi Shoda, Hiroyuki Nakashima, Midori Noguchi, Toshihiko Imakiire, Naoki Ohshima, Manabu Kinoshita, Soichi Tomimatsu, Hiroo Kumagai
Summary: This study examined the epidemiology of heat-related illness and the relationship between urinary biomarkers and the severity of heat-related illness and kidney injury. The results showed that urinary L-FABP is effective in detecting heatstroke-induced acute kidney injury and severe heat-related illness, while urinary KIM-1 may be a valuable biomarker for heatstroke-induced AKI in terms of serum cystatin C.
NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hiromi Miyazaki, Manabu Kinoshita, Hiroyuki Nakashima, Shingo Nakamura, Daizoh Saitoh
Summary: This study shows that administration of the PPAR gamma agonist, pioglitazone, can modulate the phenotype of Kupffer cells and improve the dysregulated immune response during post-burn bacterial infection. Pioglitazone enhances phagocytosis, bacterial clearance, and reduces inflammatory mediators in Kupffer cells, leading to improved survival in burned mice. These findings suggest that pioglitazone may be a potential therapeutic candidate for post-burn infectious complications.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Hiroyuki Nakashima, Manabu Kinoshita
Summary: The liver plays a crucial role in systemic immunity and defends against the spread of tumor cells. It contains a higher percentage of innate immune lymphocytes, such as NK and NKT cells, which eliminate malignant cells with their strong cytotoxic ability. These lymphocytes also initiate immune responses by adaptive immune cells, making them important contributors to systemic antitumor immunity. Understanding the mechanisms of these immune cells provides insight for tumor immunity research and potential clinical applications for cancer therapies.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Hiroyuki Nakashima, Bradley M. Kearney, Azusa Kato, Hiromi Miyazaki, Seigo Ito, Masahiro Nakashima, Manabu Kinoshita
Summary: Liver macrophages play critical roles in the immune defense mechanisms of the body. F4/80(high) Kupffer cells are the main resident macrophages in the liver and are the first immune cells to encounter pathogens in the liver. F4/80(low) monocyte-derived macrophages are essential for modulating liver immune functions.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Enchen Zhou, Xiaoke Ge, Hiroyuki Nakashima, Rumei Li, Hendrik J. P. van der Zande, Cong Liu, Zhuang Li, Christoph Mueller, Franz Bracher, Yassene Mohammed, Jan Freark de Boer, Folkert Kuipers, Bruno Guigas, Christopher K. Glass, Patrick C. N. Rensen, Martin Giera, Yanan Wang
Summary: DHCR24 inhibition prevents the development of NAFLD/NASH without causing hyperlipidemia. SH42, a DHCR24 inhibitor, significantly increases desmosterol levels, reduces hepatic lipid content and steatosis, and decreases plasma fatty acid and cholesteryl ester concentrations. SH42 treatment also decreases liver collagen content and plasma alanine transaminase levels.
EMBO MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Osamu Ishida, Kohsuke Hagisawa, Nozomu Yamanaka, Hiroyuki Nakashima, Bradley M. Kearney, Koji Tsutsumi, Shinji Takeoka, Manabu Kinoshita
Summary: This study investigated the safety of using H12-ADP-liposomes in patients who received platelet transfusion after cardiopulmonary bypass surgeries. The results showed that H12-ADP-liposomes did not cause abnormal coagulation, platelet activation, or platelet-leukocyte aggregation in these patients. Therefore, H12-ADP-liposomes could likely be safely used in these patients to provide hemostasis without causing considerable adverse reactions.
JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Seigo Ito, Hiroyasu Goto, Keiko Tanoue, Kazuki Koiwai, Takuya Ishikiriyama, Bradley M. Kearney, Kazuma Mori, Masahiro Nakashima, Hiroyuki Nakashima, Hiroo Kumagai, Shuhji Seki, Manabu Kinoshita, Naoki Oshima
Summary: The mortality rate for AKI due to sepsis is high, and effective therapies are needed. Macrophages play a crucial role in clearing bacteria from vital organs, but excessive activation can lead to organ injury. The synthetic CRP peptide showed promising therapeutic efficacy by controlling the activation of kidney macrophages, reducing bacterial propagation, and alleviating septic AKI.
JOURNAL OF LEUKOCYTE BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Hiroyasu Goto, Masahiro Nakashima, Hiroyuki Nakashima, Midori Noguchi, Toshihiko Imakiire, Naoki Oshima, Manabu Kinoshita, Hiroo Kumagai
Summary: Heatstroke can cause kidney injury, which may progress to chronic kidney disease. Heat acclimation (HA) provides thermal tolerance but its protective effect on heat-induced kidney damage is unclear. This study demonstrated that HA can ameliorate heat stress-induced kidney tubular damage and fibrosis in mice. It also showed that HA enhances the expression of heat shock protein 70 and prevents changes in kidney resident macrophages, providing a potential explanation for the renoprotective effect of HA.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-RENAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Masahiro Nakashima, Manabu Kinoshita, Hiroyuki Nakashima, Azusa Kato, Kazuma Mori, Kazuki Koiwai, Nariyoshi Shinomiya, Shuhji Seki
Summary: Recent studies have shown that mammalian B cells can play a role in acquired immune responses by presenting derivative peptides to CD4(+) T cells without their own somatic hypermutation or isotype switching.
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Seigo Ito, Hiroyuki Nakashima, Takuya Ishikiriyama, Masahiro Nakashima, Akira Yamagata, Toshihiko Imakiire, Manabu Kinoshita, Shuhji Seki, Hiroo Kumagai, Naoki Oshima
Summary: The study indicates that TLR9 plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy, with potential therapeutic implications through its inhibition. Activation of TLR9 enhanced TNF-alpha production in BM-Mφs and ROS production in Res-Mφs in diabetic nephropathy model mice. INCB3344 reduced DN pathology by suppressing TLR9 expression and ROS production, suggesting a new therapeutic strategy.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-RENAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)