Article
Microbiology
Carina Mueller, Sandra Reuter, Julia Wille, Kyriaki Xanthopoulou, Danuta Stefanik, Hajo Grundmann, Paul G. Higgins, Harald Seifert
Summary: This study conducted molecular epidemiology and global distribution research on 313 carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from 114 study centers in 47 countries. The results revealed a wide variation in the distribution of carbapenemase encoding genes among different geographical regions.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Samy Selim, Osama Ahmed Faried, Mohamed S. Almuhayawi, Osama A. Mohammed, Fayez M. Saleh, Mona Warrad
Summary: Acinetobacter baumannii is a nonfermenting Gram-negative bacterium associated with nosocomial infections. This study identified four distinct lineages of A. baumannii and found that genotype (A) isolates showed reduced effectiveness to certain antibiotics. Additionally, the binding affinity of imipenem towards Acinetobacter baumannii OXA beta-lactamase enzymes was investigated.
Article
Immunology
Hong-Bo Guo, Hua-Liang Huang, Yue-Yu Li
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the carrying status and homology of carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) in our hospital. A total of 52 strains of Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from the bacteria room of the clinical laboratory of Baogang hospital in Inner Mongolia from January 2015 to December 2017 were selected as the research object. Drug sensitivity, drug resistance gene detection, and homology analysis were conducted. The results showed high resistance of CRAB in the hospital, with OXA-23 and OXA-51 genes being the main factors causing drug resistance.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Microbiology
Yuan Jiang, Yinhuan Ding, Yueshuai Wei, Chunxia Jian, Jinbo Liu, Zhangrui Zeng
Summary: Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) has become a leading cause of healthcare-associated infections globally, particularly in intensive care units (ICUs). Cross-transmission between patients and the hospital environment may play a crucial role in ICU-acquired CRAB colonization and infection. The control and treatment of CRAB infection in ICUs are challenging due to its multiple-drug resistance. Therefore, it is important to systematically study the colonization, infection, transmission, and resistance mechanisms of CRAB in ICUs.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Xiufeng Zhang, Fangping Li, Furqan Awan, Hongye Jiang, Zhenling Zeng, Weibiao Lv
Summary: Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) is a significant concern in hospitals worldwide. A study in a Chinese hospital ICU over six years found that all 105 CRAB isolates belonged to a global clone CC2, with some popular clones and significant differences in community structure over time. The findings suggest a potential clone outbreak in the hospital ICU, highlighting the substantial burden of multidrug-resistant CRAB in this environment.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Dongmei Lv, Yan Zuo, Yuerong Wang, Zhongxin Wang, Yuanhong Xu
Summary: This study analyzed the predictors of occurrence and 30-day mortality for co-infection with carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) and carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB). Fiberoptic bronchoscopy, repeat transfusions, and exposure to tigecycline were identified as independent risk factors for co-infection. Neutrophil and C-reactive protein levels were found to be associated with 30-day mortality, and their combination could predict mortality.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Filippo Medioli, Erica Bacca, Matteo Faltoni, Giulia Jole Burastero, Sara Volpi, Marianna Menozzi, Gabriella Orlando, Andrea Bedini, Erica Franceschini, Cristina Mussini, Marianna Meschiari
Summary: Despite global efforts to control the spread of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB), it remains a significant threat with high mortality rates. This review aims to provide evidence on the best infection prevention and control strategies to combat CRAB in endemic hospitals. The study found that while effective measures were implemented during outbreaks, the reported IPC measures varied greatly and were dependent on the setting and structural characteristics of the wards.
Article
Microbiology
Pooja Kumari, Grace Kaul, T. Anand Kumar, Abdul Akhir, Manjulika Shukla, Suraj Sharma, Siddhesh S. Kamat, Sidharth Chopra, Harinath Chakrapani
Summary: Discovery of novel antibiotics targeting multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens such as A. baumannii is an urgent, unmet medical need. Our work has highlighted the potential of this unique scaffold to annihilate MDR A. baumannii alone and in combination with amikacin both in vitro and in animals, that too without inducing resistance. Further in depth analysis identified central metabolism to be a putative target. Taken together, these experiments lay down the foundation for effective management of infections caused due to highly MDR pathogens.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Amir Nutman, Gabrielle D. Levi, Alona Keren-Paz, David Schwartz, Samira Masarwa, Vered Schechner, Yehuda Carmeli
Summary: The carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) poses a significant threat in healthcare settings and requires robust infection control measures. Our study found that the skin sponge method showed the highest sensitivity for detecting CRAB carriage, exceeding 90% in both acute care and post-acute care hospitals. Based on these findings, we recommend implementing the skin sponge method as the preferred approach for CRAB screening to optimize infection control strategies.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Jose Cedano, Michelle Baez, Fernando Pasteran, Sabrina Daiana Montana, Grace Ra, Venjaminne Fua, Alejandra Corso, Marcelo E. Tolmasky, Robert A. Bonomo, Maria Soledad Ramirez
Summary: This study tested the efficacy of the combination of sulbactam and a novel DBO, zidebactam, against carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii isolates. The results showed that the sulbactam/zidebactam combination was able to restore sulbactam susceptibility in resistant isolates, including those resistant to the sulbactam/avibactam combination.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Shuk-Ching Wong, Pui-Hing Chau, Simon Yung-Chun So, Germaine Kit-Ming Lam, Veronica Wing-Man Chan, Lithia Lai-Ha Yuen, Christine Ho-Yan Au Yeung, Jonathan Hon-Kwan Chen, Pak-Leung Ho, Kwok-Yung Yuen, Vincent Chi-Chung Cheng
Summary: This study analyzed the changes in the incidence rate of hospital-onset carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) infection after the implementation of enhanced infection control measures in Queen Mary Hospital. The results showed that the infection control measures were able to decrease the incidence rate of hospital-onset CRAB infection. Additionally, the study found that the consumption of antimicrobial drugs continued to increase during the study period.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Hyeri Seok, Ji Hoon Jeon, Ji Hye Jung, Sang Hee Ahn, Minji Seo, Hyun Kyung Cho, Sul A. Sung, Su-Hyun Kim, Hee Kyoung Choi, Won Suk Choi, Dae Won Park
Summary: Increasing the frequency of environmental cleaning did not reduce the acquisition of CRAB in ICU, with ventilator utilization ratio potentially playing a more significant role than environmental cleaning. Inexperienced nurses may contribute to the increased incidence of CRAB acquisition.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Shuk-Ching Wong, Jonathan Hon-Kwan Chen, Pui-Hing Chau, Simon Yung-Chun So, Christine Ho-Yan Auyeung, Lithia Lai-Ha Yuen, Veronica Wing-Man Chan, Germaine Kit-Ming Lam, Kelvin Hei-Yeung Chiu, Pak-Leung Ho, Janice Yee-Chi Lo, Kwok-Yung Yuen, Vincent Chi-Chung Cheng
Summary: The study aims to analyze the incidence, risk factors, and clinical outcomes of newly identified gastrointestinal colonization of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) in a healthcare region in Hong Kong. The results showed that patients referred from residential care homes for the elderly, use of indwelling devices, and previous use of certain medications were significantly associated with gastrointestinal colonization of CRAB. Gastrointestinal colonization of CRAB poses a challenge for infection prevention and control.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Emma L. Doughty, Haiyang Liu, Robert A. Moran, Xiaoting Hua, Xiaoliang Ba, Feng Guo, Xiangping Chen, Linghong Zhang, Mark Holmes, Willem van Schaik, Alan Mcnally, Yunsong Yu
Summary: This study conducted a three-month observational study in a 28-bed intensive care unit (ICU) in Hangzhou, China, to explore the persistence and evolutionary dynamics of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB). The study found that the ICU population of CRAB was dominated by OXA-23-producing global clone 2 isolates, which could be divided into 20 distinct clusters through genome sequencing. The study emphasized the importance of environmental CRAB reservoirs in the epidemiology of ICUs and the unique challenges in containing the spread of CRAB.
LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH-WESTERN PACIFIC
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Fatemeh Ramezanalizadeh, Iraj Rasooli, Parviz Owlia, Shakiba Darvish Alipour Astaneh, Raziyeh Abdolhamidi
Summary: In this study, a combined vaccine using planktonic and biofilm antigens of Acinetobacter baumannii was evaluated for its immune response and protective efficacy against lethal doses of two Carbapenem-resistant high adherent A. baumannii strains in a murine sepsis model. The results showed that the combined vaccine elicited high antibody titers and achieved complete bacterial clearance in affected tissues, highlighting the importance of considering both planktonic and biofilm antigens in vaccine design.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Toshiharu Sasaki, Yohei Doi
Summary: This study investigated cases of S. lugdunensis bacteremia and found that the clinical significance of single-positive cases is uncertain. Among all cases, only a small subset of low-risk patients did not require antimicrobial therapy, and they had no adverse clinical consequences.
DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Yu Takahashi, Hideaki Wakita, Takuma Ishihara, Hideto Okazaki, Akihiro Ito, Mitsunaga Iwata, Shigeru Sonoda, Yohei Doi
Summary: Healthcare-associated COVID-19 among vulnerable patients leads to disproportionate morbidity and mortality. Early pharmacologic intervention may reduce negative sequelae and improve survival in such settings. This study aimed to describe outcome of patients with healthcare-associated COVID-19 who received early short-course remdesivir therapy.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Hiroyuki Naruse, Yohei Doi, Mitsunaga Iwata, Kiyohito Ishikawa
Summary: During the COVID-19 pandemic, Japan's early return-to-work (RTW) program for healthcare workers (HCWs) who have been in close contact with COVID-19 cases was found to be a reasonable strategy. HCWs eligible for the program had received the third dose of a COVID-19 mRNA vaccine, tested negative for COVID-19 before each work shift, and were difficult to replace. Out of 256 HCWs identified as close contacts, 37 secondary cases were detected, and 141 HCWs (55%) participated in the early RTW program, with no reported infection clusters.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Yohei Doi, Takuma Ishihara, Sumi Banno, Masahiko Ando, Masashi Kondo
Summary: This study investigated the use of favipiravir in COVID-19 patients between February 2020 and December 2021. The results showed that favipiravir was effective and well tolerated in treating COVID-19 patients.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Tanapong Wongrat, Kumpol Aiempanakit, Siripen Kanchanasuwan
Summary: This study examined the clinical features, histopathology, treatment, and prognosis of sporotrichoid lymphocutaneous infection in Thailand. The most common identified pathogens causing this infection were dematiaceous fungi. Empirical itraconazole treatment was found to be effective, particularly in patients with contact injuries caused by pets.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Clement Kin-Ming Tsui, Fatma Ben Abid, Khalil Al Ismail, Christi Lee McElheny, Muna Al Maslamani, Ali S. Omrani, Yohei Doi
Summary: The emergence of carbapenem-resistant, hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae is a new threat to health care. We studied the molecular epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in Qatar using whole-genome sequence data. We also characterized the prevalence and genetic basis of hypervirulent phenotypes and established the virulence potential using a Galleria mellonella model.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Rimi Tanii, Sohei Harada, Hiroki Saito, Koh Okamoto, Yohei Doi, Masahiro Suzuki
Summary: This article reports a fatal case of respiratory and bloodstream infection caused by K. variicola complicating severe COVID-19. Co-infection or secondary infection of K. variicola in COVID-19 is likely under-recognized and can be fulminant as in this case.
BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Kayo Kumadaki, Natsumi Suzuki, Kaoru Tatematsu, Yohei Doi, Kentaro Tsukamoto
Summary: Bartonella species are hemotropic bacteria that cause zoonotic infections in humans. They replicate in vascular endothelial cells and induce vascular proliferation. BafA, a bacteria-secreted protein, is involved in Bartonella-induced vasoproliferation. In this study, the activity of BafA proteins derived from different Bartonella species was compared, and it was found that B. henselae, B. koehlerae, B. clarridgeiae, and B. grahamii induced cell proliferation and tube formation, while B. doshiae showed no activity. These findings suggest that BafA may contribute to the infectivity or pathogenicity of Bartonella species in humans.
INFECTION AND IMMUNITY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Emily L. Heil, Kimberly C. Claeys, Ellen G. Kline, Tara M. Rogers, Kevin M. Squires, Alina Iovleva, Yohei Doi, Mary Banoub, Mandee M. Noval, Paul M. Luethy, Ryan K. Shields
Summary: This study evaluated the clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 patients with CRAB infections who received three-drug combination regimens. It found that the use of three-drug regimens resulted in high rates of clinical response and low mortality in severe CRAB infections among COVID-19 patients.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hiroshi Yotsuyanagi, Norio Ohmagari, Yohei Doi, Takumi Imamura, Takuhiro Sonoyama, Genki Ichihashi, Takao Sanaki, Yuko Tsuge, Takeki Uehara, Hiroshi Mukae
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ensitrelvir in patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19. It is a phase 3 study using a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled design. The primary endpoint is the time to resolution of COVID-19 symptoms, and key secondary endpoints include the change in SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA and the time to first negative viral titer.
Article
Microbiology
Gayatri Shankar Chilambi, Yu-Hao Wang, Nathan R. Wallace, Chetachukwu Obiwuma, Kirsten M. Evans, Yanhong Li, Menna-Allah W. Shalaby, Daniel P. Flaherty, Ryan K. Shields, Yohei Doi, Daria Van Tyne
Summary: This study identified a mutant strain of Enterococcus faecalis that is hypersusceptible to aminoglycoside antibiotics due to disruption of alpha-carbonic anhydrase (alpha-CA). Disruption of alpha-CA increased proton motive force and membrane permeability, leading to increased gentamicin uptake in E. faecalis. Additionally, an FDA-approved alpha-CA inhibitor sensitized various E. faecalis strains to gentamicin.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Editorial Material
Infectious Diseases
Luke S. P. Moore, Maria Virginia Villegas, Eric Wenzler, Timothy M. Rawson, Rita O. Oladele, Yohei Doi, Anucha Apisarnthanarak
Summary: Despite variable utilization of rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) in antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) across different income countries, a value framework has been proposed to define the benefits of RDTs in ASPs, separate from per-patient benefits. Effective implementation is key to realizing the value of RDTs within ASPs, and actionable advice for choosing an RDT has been proposed by infectious disease experts from various countries. These experts also advocate for the inclusion of RDTs in the World Health Organization Model List of essential in vitro diagnostics and in the iterative development of national action plans.
INFECTIOUS DISEASES AND THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jinnethe Reyes, Lauren Komarow, Liang Chen, Lizhao Ge, Blake M. Hanson, Eric Cober, Erica Herc, Thamer Alenazi, Keith S. Kaye, Julia Garcia-Diaz, Lanjuan Li, Souha S. Kanj, Zhengyin Liu, Jose M. Onate, Robert A. Salata, Kalisvar Marimuthu, Hainv Gao, Zhiyong Zong, Sandra L. Valderrama-Beltran, Yunsong Yu, Paul Tambyah, Gregory Weston, Soraya Salcedo, Lillian M. Abbo, Qing Xie, Karen Ordonez, Minggui Wang, Martin E. Stryjewski, Jose M. Munita, David L. Paterson, Scott Evans, Carol Hill, Keri Baum, Robert A. Bonomo, Barry N. Kreiswirth, Maria Virginia Villegas, Robin Patel, Cesar A. Arias, Henry F. Chambers, Vance G. Fowler Jr, Yohei Doi, David van Duin, Michael J. Satlin
Summary: This study investigated the characteristics and outcomes of carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA) infections and the distribution and clinical significance of carbapenemases. The results showed that carbapenemase-producing CRPA infections were associated with increased 30-day mortality, and the prevalence of carbapenemase genes varied by region. These findings highlight the therapeutic challenges posed by these carbapenem-resistant organisms.
Article
Immunology
Michael J. Satlin, David van Duin, Pranita D. Tamma, Thomas P. Lodise, Daria Van Tyne, Keith A. Rodvold, Nadine Rouphael, Scott R. Evans, Vance G. Fowler, Toshimitsu Hamasaki, Robin Patel, Lauren Komarow, Keri Baum, Maria Souli, Nyssa Schwager, Robert A. Bonomo, Yohei Doi
Summary: Addressing antibacterial-resistant gram-negative infections is a priority of the Antibacterial Resistance Leadership Group. The focus of investigation has evolved from elucidating the epidemiology of these infections to improving patient care through clinical trials of optimizing pharmacokinetics and of novel therapies.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Rauf Salamzade, Christi L. McElheny, Abigail L. Manson, Ashlee M. Earl, Nader Shaikh, Yohei Doi
Summary: Escherichia coli is the most common cause of urinary tract infections (UTIs) in children. However, the mechanisms of virulence and antibiotic resistance, as well as the population structure of this species, are poorly understood in this age group. This study examined the genetic markers and population structure of uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) in children with UTIs. The results revealed similarities between UPEC populations in children and adults, with certain genetic markers being more common in pediatric pyelonephritis cases. Additionally, antibiotic resistance was correlated with known genetic markers, and a fimbrial gene allele was found to confer a selective advantage for UPEC.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Hitoshi Yonezawa, Shingo Tanaka, Makito Tanaka, Ryo Kobayashi, Satoshi Takahashi
Summary: The aim of this study was to identify the risk factors for false positives in high-sensitivity HBsAg quantitative tests and reduce the need for neutralization tests. The results showed that younger age, female sex, lower HBsAg values, and reagent improvement were independent risk factors for false positives. The false-positive rate was highest in the range of 0.005-0.049 IU/mL.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2024)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Nobuaki Kobayashi, Katsushi Tanaka, Suguru Muraoka, Kohei Somekawa, Ayami Kaneko, Sousuke Kubo, Hiromi Matsumoto, Hiroaki Fujii, Keisuke Watanabe, Nobuyuki Horita, Yu Hara, Takeshi Kaneko
Summary: This study identified age, a negative T-SPOT.TB result, elevated CRP levels, and a high NLR as significant independent risk factors for death in hospitalized TB patients. These findings underscore the importance of these parameters in the risk stratification and management of hospitalized TB patients.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2024)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Naokuni Hishiya, Kenji Uno, Akiyo Nakano, Mitsuru Konishi, Seiya Higashi, Shuhei Eguchi, Tadashi Ariyoshi, Asami Matsumoto, Kentaro Oka, Motomichi Takahashi, Yuki Suzuki, Saori Horiuchi, Nobuyasu Hirai, Yoshihiko Ogawa, Taku Ogawa, Ryuichi Nakano, Keiichi Mikasa, Kei Kasahara, Hisakazu Yano
Summary: This study revealed intestinal dysbiosis near a CD4 count of 350 in HIV-infected patients undergoing cART. These findings contribute to the understanding of intestinal damage and systemic inflammation in HIV infection.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2024)
