Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Makoto Murakami
Summary: Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) is a group of enzymes that release fatty acids and lysophospholipids from glycerophospholipids. They have been implicated in signal transduction, membrane homeostasis, energy production, and lipid pathway regulation. Perturbation of PLA2-driven lipid pathways may be associated with various diseases. This review discusses the physiological functions of the PLA2 superfamily, focusing on different PLA2 families and their roles in lipid metabolism.
PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Colin K. Y. Chun, Mary Roth, Ruth Welti, Mark P. Richards, Wei-Wen Hsu, Travis O'Quinn, Michael D. Chao
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the impact of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and its antibody (aPLA2) on phospholipid hydrolysis, lipid oxidation, and antioxidant capacity in beef. The results showed that PLA2 decreased key phospholipid classes and increased the release of polyunsaturated fatty acids (FFAs). Despite exhibiting strong antioxidant capacity, PLA2 treatment led to increased lipid oxidation. On the other hand, aPLA2 treatment showed potential in reducing lipid oxidation.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yuta Matsuoka, Masatomo Takahashi, Yuki Sugiura, Yoshihiro Izumi, Kazuhiro Nishiyama, Motohiro Nishida, Makoto Suematsu, Takeshi Bamba, Ken-ichi Yamada
Summary: This study constructed a library of 465 oxPCs using mass spectrometry and found that doubly oxygenated polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-PCs are generated in the early phase of acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Tomas Clive Barker-Tejeda, Alma Villasenor, Carolina Gonzalez-Riano, Angeles Lopez-Lopez, Ana Gradillas, Coral Barbas
Summary: Membrane lipids play critical roles in cellular functions, and alterations in levels of oxidized counterparts are linked to the development of pathologies. The limited commercial availability of defined oxidized lipids poses a challenge for accurate analysis, but approaches involving in-house prepared mixtures and high-throughput analytical techniques have shown promise for studying oxidized lipids in vitro and in biological samples.
JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shun Yaginuma, Hiroki Kawana, Junken Aoki
Summary: Phospholipase A(1) (PLA(1)) is an enzyme that cleaves an ester bond at the sn-1 position of glycerophospholipids, producing a free fatty acid and a lysophospholipid. It plays an important role in maintaining the normal physiological functions of organisms.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Amina Khatun, Daniel L. E. Waters, Lei Liu
Summary: Lipids have a negative impact on the digestion of rice starch, particularly lysophospholipids. Removing lipids from rice increases starch digestibility, while adding lipids decreases it. Different lipids have varying degrees of effect on starch digestibility, with LPC16:0 being the most abundant. Modifying the lipid composition or adding specific lipids before cooking rice can alter starch digestibility.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alma M. Astudillo, Maria A. Balboa, Jesus Balsinde
Summary: Lipid homeostasis perturbations and conditions favoring oxidative stress are important in the inflammatory response. Recent research has focused on lipid signaling in oxidative stress-mediated responses and inflammation, including phagocytosis and ferroptosis. The synthesis of oxygenated metabolites of arachidonic acid and other polyunsaturated fatty acids is a common event in these responses. Advances in this area highlight the importance of compartmentalization of enzymes and lipid substrates in shaping the appropriate response. Understanding the role of specific enzymes, such as iPLA213, in oxidative stress and inflammation may lead to new therapeutic interventions.
PROGRESS IN LIPID RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Chuan-hai Tu, Xue-er Qi, Shan-shan Shui, Hui-min Lin, Soottawat Benjakul, Bin Zhang
Summary: The study showed that the oxidative effects of hydroxyl radical significantly increased the peroxide value and thiobarbituric acid index in shrimp muscle, altering the lipidomics profiles. Certain lipids could serve as promising biomarkers for distinguishing fresh and oxidation-treated shrimp products.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Helena Beatriz Ferreira, Tania Melo, Artur Paiva, Maria do Rosario Domingues
Summary: Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease most prevalent in women, where oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation play a role in its development and pathogenesis. Lipid metabolism and changes in the lipoprotein profile are common in RA, contributing to cardiovascular diseases and a chronic inflammatory environment.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Huizhen Zhang, Yongtao Wang, Lihuan Guan, Yixin Chen, Panpan Chen, Jiahong Sun, Frank J. Gonzalez, Min Huang, Huichang Bi
Summary: This study revealed the critical role of CPT1C in regulating cancer cell lipotoxicity and cell senescence, suggesting that inhibition of CPT1C may serve as a new therapeutic strategy by inducing tumor lipotoxicity and senescence.
JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Hiroki Akiyama, Bing Z. Carter, Michael Andreeff, Jo Ishizawa
Summary: Ferroptosis is a mode of cell death regulated by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. It has been suggested as a potential anti-cancer modality to overcome therapy resistance. Understanding the molecular mechanisms and protection machinery in different tumors is crucial for targeting individual cancers.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Dong Zhang, Xiujuan Li, Xiaoliang Duan, Hui Sun, Yanping Cao
Summary: Roasting before oil extraction can improve the oxidative stability and odor of flaxseed oil, with changes in lipid profile including decreases in unsaturated fatty acids and triacylglycerols, and fluctuations in phospholipids, lysophospholipids, and oxidized fatty acids. The identification of cyclic phosphadic acids as a novel compound in flaxseed oils during high-temperature roasting suggests their potential as biomarkers for differentiating light and dark roasted oils.
Article
Cell Biology
Nai-Kui Liu, Ling-Xiao Deng, Miao Wang, Qing-Bo Lu, Chunyan Wang, Xiangbing Wu, Wei Wu, Ying Wang, Wenrui Qu, Qi Han, Yongzhi Xia, Baylen Ravenscraft, Jin-Lian Li, Si-Wei You, Peter Wipf, Xianlin Han, Xiao-Ming Xu
Summary: Alterations in cardiolipin (CL), a family of mitochondrion-specific phospholipids, have been found to play a crucial role in mitochondrial dysfunction and neuronal death following spinal cord injury (SCI). CL changes in the early stage of SCI lead to decreased abundance of CL species and oxidative stress, resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction, neuronal death, tissue damage, and motor deficits. Pharmacologic inhibition of CL alterations with a mitochondria-targeted scavenger can protect against these effects.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Bassel Eldeen Makki, Sarah Rahman
Summary: Diabetes and Alzheimer's disease are two common chronic diseases with shared pathological pathways, with various lipids playing a crucial role in the development of both diseases.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Keqian Hong, Quansheng Yao, John B. Golding, Penta Pristijiono, Xiumei Zhang, Xiaowan Hou, Debao Yuan, Yongxin Li, Li Chen, Kanghua Song, Jiao Chen
Summary: This study aimed to uncover the effect of membrane lipid metabolism on internal browning tolerance in winter pineapple under low temperature storage conditions. The results showed that low temperature storage (10℃) led to reduced internal browning in fruit, which was associated with higher levels of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylserine, and phosphatidylethanolamine, and lower levels of phosphatidic acid. Additionally, low temperature storage down-regulated the expression levels of phospholipase As and resulted in a higher ratio of unsaturated fatty acid to saturated fatty acid and an index of unsaturated fatty acid level in the fruit.