Journal
IEEE ANTENNAS AND WIRELESS PROPAGATION LETTERS
Volume 18, Issue 5, Pages 816-820Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/LAWP.2019.2900265
Keywords
Characteristic mode analysis (CMA); circular polarization; orbital angular momentum (OAM); patch antenna; scalar beam; uniform circular array (UCA); vector beam
Funding
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2016YFE0121600]
- China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2017M613068]
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In this letter, a systematic design procedure is proposed on how to implement the characteristic mode analysis to design and optimize an orbital angular momentum (OAM) antenna with circular polarization. The main idea of this work is by combining proper high-order modes to fit the current distribution of the analytical model. It is shown that by using proper high-order modes, a single antenna element could act like an array making the antenna system more compact. As a prototype, a patch antenna working at the 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi bands to generate the right-hand circularly polarized OAM beam with topology charge l(OAM) = -1 is designed, fabricated, and measured to demonstrate the design method. In addition, an array composed by the proposed antenna element is designed and experimented. New physical phenomenon is found that the OAM modes of the antenna element and the array can be combined considering the multiplication theorem. The combination relaxes the restriction of vertical bar l(OAM)vertical bar < N/2 to some extent in comparison with the traditional uniform circular arrays for OAM generation.
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