Article
Environmental Sciences
Shi Shu, Yunquan Li, Wei Zhu, Silin Wu, Yong Wu, Hao Hou
Summary: The study showed that the desorbed amount per unit of surface area of pollutants on bentonite particles was approximately equal to that in compacted bentonite, indicating consistency in desorption regardless of the sorption location. Results also highlighted significant differences in desorption parameters obtained through batch tests and column tests.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2021)
Article
Soil Science
Wenxiang Liu, Yong Li, Hanging Yu, Surinder Saggar, Daozhi Gong, Qiong Zhang
Summary: This study indicates that most of Cs-137 and Co-60 remained in the top layer of farmland soils following a simulated NPP accident, with little reaching the subsurface. The migration of radionuclides in soil is influenced by factors such as soil clay content, soil organic carbon, and soil pH. Remediation measures should focus on reducing the impact of radionuclides on farmland soils, crops, and water.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Andrew Cudzo Amenuvor, Guowei Li, Jiantao Wu, Yuzhou Hou, Wei Chen, Frederick Nai Charkley
Summary: Cyclic wetting and drying in expansive soil slopes lead to desiccation cracks and irreversible structural changes, resulting in reduced overall soil strength and slope instability. This study examines the structural and crack development in undisturbed clay slopes and core samples subjected to wet-dry cycles. The distribution and depth of cracks in the slope model were measured during these cycles, showing an increase in crack intensity with each cycle. The study also explores the effects of suction, water content, boundary conditions, and size on crack formation.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND CIVIL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Qiyong Zhang, Wenwu Chen, Guocheng Wu, Wenhao Wang, Yumin Du, Jun Bi
Summary: This study evaluates the feasibility of using PVA-treated soil as a waterproof layer to prevent water-salt capillary rise. It finds that PVA-treated soil can effectively prevent the migration of water-salt under certain conditions. The study also shows that the position of the waterproof layer, the PVA content, and the ambient temperature have a significant impact on the effectiveness of the protection.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Abhay Guleria, Sharad Kumar Gupta, Dericks P. Shukla
Summary: This study conducted a scenario-based analysis of the evolution of contaminant plumes caused by toxic chemicals leaching from a waste dumping site. The fate and transport behavior of different contaminants in various lithological formations were analyzed using GIS-based modeling. The results provide insights into the movement and concentration variations of the contaminants in different geological units and assist decision-makers in identifying contaminated regions around the site.
ENVIRONMENTAL MODELING & ASSESSMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Stefania Bilardi, Paolo S. Calabro, Nicola Moraci
Summary: Zero valent iron (ZVI) is commonly used in permeable reactive barriers (PRBs) for remediating contaminated groundwater. However, the hydraulic conductivity of ZVI can decrease over time due to iron corrosion processes. To address this issue, ZVI particles can be mixed with granular materials to maintain hydraulic conductivity. Based on recent studies and the basic principles of iron corrosion chemistry, this research reevaluated the results of long-term column tests on granular mixtures of ZVI and pumice or lapillus. The analysis revealed a clear correlation between the reactive behavior and hydraulic behavior, with the permeability ratio decreasing as the retardation factor increased. The retardation factor was also found to be a useful parameter for evaluating the influence of flow rate, contaminant concentration, and ZVI content on the reactive behavior of the granular medium.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hadis Mohebian, Mohsen Jalali, Hajar Merrikhpour
Summary: The leaching of heavy metals can be reduced in low adsorption soils using stabilizers. This study found that zeolite, ZnO, and CuO nanoparticles had a significant effect on the retention of heavy metals in sandy loam soil.
ENVIRONMENTAL EARTH SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jihong Qu, Jueyan Jiang, Yifeng Zhang, Yuepeng Li, Tiangang Yan, Wei Guo, Shibao Lu
Summary: Groundwater level fluctuations have a significant impact on the migration processes of lead. Both soil column experiments and numerical simulations demonstrated that the migration range and concentration of lead are influenced by factors such as the particle size of the medium, frequency and magnitude of water level fluctuation. These findings provide important scientific insights for the remediation of heavy metal pollution in groundwater.
FRONTIERS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Dana Kominkova, Jaroslav Vacula, Vera Zahorova, Petr Rulik, Jan Skrkal, Emilie Pecharova, Zdenek Borecky, Klara Sestakova, Dita Stadnikova, Petr Finkous, Miroslav Finkous, Vera Hofmanova Kautska, Vera Doskocilova, Helena Pilatova
Summary: In this study, aggregated transfer factors (Tag) were determined for three common vegetables grown in six common European soils contaminated with radioactive Cs and Sr. The results showed that the type of vegetable had a greater impact on the Tag than the soil type. Lettuce, despite being grown in the most contaminated soil, had the lowest Tag for both radionuclides. Potassium supply had a significant effect on the decrease in Tag for Sr but not for Cs.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Peng Guo, Dongyan Kong, Lingfang Yang, Xiao Sun
Summary: A meta-analysis of 1,642 data from 181 field experiments found that soil microbial biomass is more sensitive to nitrogen addition in sample sites with mild environmental and soil conditions. However, under extreme conditions, the response of soil microbial biomass to nitrogen addition is less significant or even insignificant. Additionally, the characteristics of sample sites, such as soil fungal-to-bacterial ratio and carbon-to-nitrogen ratio, are important factors in accurately predicting the effect of nitrogen deposition on soil microbial biomass.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Yuhan Liang, Zongping Chen, Xiang Liu, Haoyu Liao
Summary: The seismic behavior of RC cross-shaped columns under combined loading conditions was studied through experiment and numerical simulation. The effects of torsion-bending ratio and axial compression ratio on the seismic indexes were investigated. Experimental results showed that the T/M ratio determines the failure modes of the columns. The columns exhibited good ductility and deformation capacity under torsion loading. Based on the experimental results, hysteretic models and finite element simulation were proposed and validated.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Ai-Lin Zhang, Xin Chen, Zi-Qin Jiang, Yi-Tao Kang, Xiao-Feng Yang
Summary: A new type of prefabricated cross hinge column foot joint was proposed and tested in this study, showing good bearing capacity and energy dissipation capability. The design effectively avoids plastic damage of structural column, with the potential for quick post-earthquake restoration.
JOURNAL OF CONSTRUCTIONAL STEEL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Liping Liu, Yikai Xu, Yanni Wu, Xiaoxia Li, Chunlan Zhou
Summary: This study adapted and validated the Emotional Inhibition Scale (EIS) for assessing emotional inhibition in Chinese-speaking patients with cancer, confirming the four-factor model proposed by the original authors. The EIS showed satisfactory reliability and validity, making it a useful tool for evaluating emotional inhibition and the impact of emotional disclosure interventions in cancer patients.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Xian-Lei Fu, Run Zhang, Krishna R. Reddy, Yu-Chao Li, Yu-Ling Yang, Yan-Jun Du
Summary: This study conducted laboratory experiments on the membrane behavior and diffusion properties of sand/sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP)-amended bentonite backfill for containment of lead-contaminated groundwater. Results showed that the backfill acted as a semipermeable membrane in lead nitrate solutions. The efficiency coefficient, effective diffusion coefficient, and retardation factor of the backfill varied with the concentration of lead nitrate solution.
ENGINEERING GEOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Liming Qu, Changwei Yang, Xuanming Ding, Georges Kouroussis, Cheng Yuan
Summary: The paper presents an approximate solution for calculating the axial dynamic impedance of a group of square piles. It examines the effects of the square cross section on pile-soil interaction and finds that vertical soil vibration around a square pile depends on wave propagation directions in the near field. The study also calculates the dynamic impedance of the square pile group using the superposition principle.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL AND ANALYTICAL METHODS IN GEOMECHANICS
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
J. Jaime Gomez-Hernandez, Teng Xu
Summary: Research on contaminant source identification has a long history, but there are still challenges in problem-solving and application. Researchers need to focus more on the practical application of source identification and consider other uncertain parameters in their studies.
MATHEMATICAL GEOSCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Vanessa A. Godoy, Gian F. Napa-Garcia, J. Jaime Gomez-Hernandez
Summary: In this study, the ensemble smoother with multiple data assimilation (ES-MDA) coupled with a normal-score transformation was used to fit a Langmuir isotherm curve and estimate its parameters and uncertainties. The results suggest that solute concentrations are more sensitive to the parameter S-m than to b, with a minimum of six samples needed to characterize the joint uncertainty.
MATHEMATICAL GEOSCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
J. Jaime Gomez-Hernandez
Summary: This research emphasizes the potential of using spreadsheets for numerical groundwater flow modeling in teaching, providing a step-by-step implementation of a two-dimensional groundwater flow model. It focuses on a confined irregular aquifer with boundary conditions, pumping, and recharge, enhancing the learning experience of students faced with the numerical solution of groundwater flow equations for the first time.
MATHEMATICAL GEOSCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Alessandro Pansa, Ilaria Butera, J. Jaime Gomez-Hernandez, Bartolomeo Vigna
Summary: The ensemble smoother with multiple data assimilation can be used to predict discharge in an Alpine karst aquifer, specifically the Bossea aquifer. This method effectively fits a unit hydrograph along with other parameters in a hydrologic model, using observed discharge flow rates, daily precipitation, and temperatures. By analyzing multiple events, average models are defined for predicting flow discharge during spring and autumn, with acceptable results for the fall rainfall events. However, further exploration is needed for refining the snow melting approximation and the parameterization of the infiltration coefficient. Overall, the study concludes that the ensemble smoother can be used to characterize a karst aquifer for forecast analyses.
STOCHASTIC ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND RISK ASSESSMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Andres Sahuquillo, Eduardo Cassiraga, J. Jaime Gomez-Hernandez, Joaquin Andreu, Manuel Pulido-Velazquez, David Pulido-Velazquez, Oscar D. Alvarez-Villa, Teodoro Estrela
Summary: Aquifers are widely available and easy to access, but their overexploitation can lead to significant issues such as declining water levels, reduced river flows, seawater intrusion, and wetland degradation. The conjunctive use of surface and subsurface waters through strategies like artificial recharge and alternate conjunctive use can help mitigate these problems and provide economic and environmental benefits.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Valeria Todaro, Marco Doria, Maria Giovanna Tanda, J. Jaime Gomez-Hernandez
Summary: In this paper, a new generic software package called genES-MDA is introduced for solving inverse problems and implementing ensemble Kalman filter methods. It provides a flexible workflow and various programming tools, making it suitable for different types of inverse problems. Through testing with three synthetic case studies, the flexibility and efficiency of genES-MDA have been demonstrated.
COMPUTERS & GEOSCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zi Chen, Teng Xu, J. Jaim Gomez-Hernandez, Andrea Zanini, Quanping Zhou
Summary: This study employs the ensemble smoother with multiple data assimilation (ES-MDA) method to tackle groundwater contamination issues. Results show that ES-MDA performs well in recovering the release history, especially with higher observation data frequency. However, more detailed uncertainties and parameterization of the time functions are needed to move towards field cases.
JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Vanessa A. Godoy, Gian F. Napa-Garcia, J. Jaime Gomez-Hernandez
Summary: The ensemble random forest filter (ERFF) is proposed as an alternative to the ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) for inverse modeling. By using a non-linear function represented by a random forest, the ERFF is able to capture the non-linear relationships between parameters and observations, resulting in better updates. The ERFF is demonstrated to effectively reconstruct spatial heterogeneity and match observed data in various scenarios.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Valeria Todaro, Marco D'Oria, Andrea Zanini, J. Jaime Gomez-Hernandez, Maria Giovanna Tanda
Summary: Estimating aquifer properties and their spatial variability is a challenging task in groundwater flow and transport simulations. This study applies the ensemble smoother with multiple data assimilation method to infer the characteristics of a binary field using tracer test data. Two different approaches are compared, with the second one performing better by coupling the ensemble smoother with a truncated Gaussian model. Synthetic experiments are conducted to find the optimal configurations for real cases, and the results show that both the fully parameterized approach and the pilot point approach yield comparable solutions.
HYDROGEOLOGY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Joao Lino Pereira, J. Jaime Gomez-Hernandez, Andrea Zanini, Emmanouil A. Varouchakis, Leonardo Azevedo
Summary: Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) is a geophysical method used to create an image of the subsurface. This study proposes an iterative geostatistical resistivity inversion method using stochastic sequential simulation and co-simulation to generate electrical resistivity models and predict subsurface properties. The method is validated using synthetic and real ERT data sets, showing its ability to model small-scale variability and assess spatial uncertainty.
HYDROGEOLOGY JOURNAL
(2023)
Editorial Material
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Philippe Renard, J. Jaime Gomez-Hernandez, Maria-Theresia Schafmeister, Emmanouil A. Varouchakis
HYDROGEOLOGY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
J. Jaime Gomez-Hernandez, Daniele Secci
Summary: The use of spreadsheets in numerical groundwater flow modeling has not been fully utilized in educational settings. This article introduces a teaching aid that expands the scope of a previous publication, covering various types of groundwater flow situations and incorporating new features, making the spreadsheet model a versatile tool. Students can use this user-friendly platform for experimentation and research to gain a better understanding of groundwater flow modeling and related numerical codes.
MATHEMATICAL GEOSCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Pablo Moreno-Navarro, Jose L. Perez-Aparicio, J. J. Gomez-Hernandez
Summary: The current article proposes closed-form and semianalytical solutions to improve the temperature distribution of Bi2Te3 thermoelements, aiming to maximize cooling. By studying different geometries of thermoelements, optimal electric intensity is determined and the accuracy of the analytical solutions is validated through numerical simulations.
COUPLED SYSTEMS MECHANICS
(2022)