Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Desiree Vaeth, Tobias Johannes Dietrich, Simon Wildermuth, Sebastian Leschka, Stephan Waelti, Nicole Graf, Tim Fischer
Summary: The prevalence of supraacetabular fossa (SAF) was examined in a pediatric and young adult population, and its subtypes were studied over time. The study found that SAF is most frequent in adolescents, and its prevalence and size decrease with age.
INSIGHTS INTO IMAGING
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Nicole Espinosa, Shantel L. Duffy, Haley M. LaMonica, Loren Mowszowski, Ian B. Hickie, Jake R. Palmer, Sharon L. Naismith, Andrew C. McKinnon
Summary: The study investigates the thalamic volumes in older adults with early-onset depression (EOD). It found that individuals with EOD had significantly larger bilateral, right and left hemispheric thalamic volumes compared to the control group. Younger age and lower education level were associated with larger thalamic volumes. However, no significant correlations were found between thalamic volumes and cognitive performance. Further research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms of these changes.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Nicolin Hainc, Mary Pat McAndrews, Taufik Valiante, Danielle M. Andrade, Richard Wennberg, Timo Krings
Summary: This study provides an updated description of the spectrum and frequency of dedicated 3T MRI findings in adult medically refractory epilepsy (MRE) patients at a tertiary epilepsy center, aiming to familiarize radiologists with potential imaging findings in this population.
INSIGHTS INTO IMAGING
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Ke Xu, Xiongfei Wang, Jian Zhou, Yuguang Guan, Tianfu Li, Guoming Luan
Summary: This study investigates the clinical discrepancies and predictors of anterior temporal lobectomy (ATL) in children and adults with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Significant differences in clinical manifestations, MRI examinations, number of preoperative AEDs, and pathologies were observed between TLE children and adults. The early complete resection of MRI-detected epileptogenic focus in TLE children predicts favorable seizure outcome, while the concordance of MRI-detected focus with EEG-detected epileptogenic zone predicts favorable seizure outcomes in TLE adults.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Guleed H. Adan, Christophe de Bezenac, Laura Bonnett, Michael Pridgeon, Shubhabrata Biswas, Kumar Das, Mark P. Richardson, Petroula Laiou, Simon S. Keller, Tony Marson
Summary: This study aims to explore the combined utility of serum biomarkers, quantitative EEG and quantitative MRI to predict seizure recurrence, informing patient counselling and clinical trials. 100 patients will be recruited from a tertiary neuroscience centre for baseline assessments including MRI, EEG and blood samples, followed up for 24 months to assess seizure recurrence, with advanced MRI sequences for a subset of patients.
Article
Neuroimaging
Bernadette McCann, Jacob Levman, Nicole Baumer, Melanie Y. Lam, Tadashi Shiohama, Liam Cogger, Allissa MacDonald, Prahar Ijner, Emi Takahashi
Summary: Retrospective analysis of MRI examinations in individuals with Down syndrome revealed volumetric brain abnormalities, which may explain phenotypic features of DS and confirm findings from previous literature.
NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Pauline Samia, Nicholas Odero, Maureen Njoroge, Shem Ochieng, Jacqueline Mavuti, Sheila Waa, Samson Gwer
Summary: In a tertiary hospital in Nairobi, Kenya, a study found that up to a third of children with epilepsy who underwent MRI had abnormal findings, including encephalomalacia, cerebral atrophy, and disorders of neuronal migration. Clinical comorbidity and inter-ictal epileptiform activity on EEG were associated with abnormal imaging findings.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Dong Ah Lee, Ho-Joon Lee, Hyung Chan Kim, Kang Min Park
Summary: The study revealed significant differences in structural connectivity and structural co-variance network between patients with focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) and healthy controls. Specifically, patients with FCD showed lower local efficiency in structural connectivity analysis, as well as decreased mean clustering coefficient, global efficiency, local efficiency, and transitivity in structural co-variance network analysis. These findings suggest that FCD could impact the whole-brain network, indicating that it is a network disease.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Tzu-Hsin Huang, Ming-Chi Lai, Yu-Shiue Chen, Chin-Wei Huang
Summary: This review focuses on the fundamentals of DWI and its associated techniques, such as apparent diffusion coefficient, diffusion tensor imaging, and tractography, as well as their impact on epilepsy in terms of differential diagnosis, epileptic foci determination, and prognosis prediction.
Review
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Shaobo Fang, Yanyu Yang, Nan Xu, Yun Tu, Zhenzhen Yin, Yu Zhang, Yajie Liu, Zhiqing Duan, Wenyu Liu, Shaowu Wang
Summary: In the past two decades, efforts have been made to develop non-invasive methods and new imaging tools such as diffusion-weighted imaging, perfusion imaging, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and the use of artificial intelligence technology to aid in predicting tumor grade, aiding in early treatment decisions, and providing prognostic information. These advancements offer leverage in characterizing the spatial heterogeneity of tumor tissues.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Zhen-Ming Wang, Peng-Hu Wei, Chunxiu Wang, Yaqin Hou, Kun Guo, Bixiao Cui, Yongzhi Shan, Guo-Guang Zhao, Jie Lu
Summary: The combination of PET and structural patterns is helpful in predicting post-surgical seizure outcomes and worse outcomes of Engel III/IV. This reduces unnecessary surgical injuries to patients who may not be suitable for surgery.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Silvana Sarria-Estrada, Estevo Santamarina, Manuel Quintana, Deborah Pareto, Maria Sueiras, Cristina Auger, Manuel Toledo, Alex Rovira
Summary: This study analyzed MRI features in patients with status epilepticus (SE), finding abnormalities in over half of the patients. Longer SE duration and the presence of lateralized periodic discharges (LPDs) on EEG were associated with SE-related MRI abnormalities and the development of mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS).
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Bernadette B. L. J. Elders, Marieke M. Hakkesteegt, Pierluigi Ciet, Harm A. W. M. Tiddens, Piotr Wielopolski, Bas Pullens
Summary: This study utilized MRI to evaluate vocal cord structure and function after LTS airway surgery, finding that vocal cord thickening and impaired movement are associated with the severity of dysphonia.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Qirui Zhang, Yan He, Taiping Qu, Fang Yang, Ying Lin, Zheng Hu, Xiuli Li, Qiang Xu, Wei Xing, Valentina Gumenyuk, Steven M. Stufflebeam, Hesheng Liu, Guangming Lu, Zhiqiang Zhang
Summary: This study utilized deep learning technology and neuroimaging to demonstrate delayed brain development in Rolandic epilepsy (RE), with children with RE showing a delay in brain age compared to typically developing children. This delay was associated with neuroanatomic changes in Rolandic regions and cognitive dysfunction in attention.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Wenjiao Xiao, Yuanlin Wang, Weiqin Cheng, Yuting Zhang
Summary: In this study, the findings of CMR in patients with EFE were explored, including morphological changes and cardiac function analyses. The results showed that CMR accurately displayed the characteristic morphological changes of the heart in patients with EFE, and the parameters measured by CMR were more accurate and correlated well with clinical cardiac function scores.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Thiago J. R. Rezende, Isaac M. Adanyeguh, Filippo Arrigoni, Benjamin Bender, Fernando Cendes, Louise A. Corben, Andreas Deistung, Martin Delatycki, Imis Dogan, Gary F. Egan, Sophia L. Goericke, Nellie Georgiou-Karistianis, Pierre-Gilles Henry, Diane Hutter, Neda Jahanshad, James M. Joers, Christophe Lenglet, Tobias Lindig, Alberto R. M. Martinez, Andrea Martinuzzi, Gabriella Paparella, Denis Peruzzo, Kathrin Reetz, Sandro Romanzetti, Ludger Schoels, Joerg B. Schulz, Matthis Synofzik, Sophia I. Thomopoulos, Paul M. Thompson, Dagmar Timmann, Ian H. Harding, Marcondes C. Franca
Summary: This study characterized cervical spinal cord structural damage in a large multisite cohort of Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA) patients. The results showed that FRDA patients had significantly reduced cross-sectional area (CSA) and increased eccentricity in the cervical spinal cord compared to control subjects. The CSA had significant correlations with disease severity, while eccentricity did not. Subgroup analyses revealed abnormal CSA and eccentricity at all disease stages, with CSA appearing to decrease progressively and eccentricity remaining stable over time.
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Liara Rizzi, Thamires Naela Cardoso Magalhaes, Natalie Lecce, Adriel dos Santos Moraes, Raphael Fernandes Casseb, Camila Vieira Ligo Teixeira, Brunno Machado de Campos, Thiago Junqueira Ribeiro de Rezende, Leda Leme Talib, Orestes Vicente Forlenza, Fernando Cendes, Marcio Luiz Figueredo Balthazar
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the ability of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) AD biomarkers, hippocampal volumes, and Default Mode Network functional connectivity to predict clinical response to ChEIs treatment in mild AD. The functional connectivity of the right hippocampus showed a direct relationship with the clinical response to cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs) treatment in patients with mild Alzheimer's disease. Transposing our findings to clinical settings could allow physicians to prescribe ChEIs for patients for whom treatment would be most beneficial.
BRAIN CONNECTIVITY
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Lennart Walger, Sophie Adler, Konrad Wagstyl, Leonie Henschel, Bastian David, Valeri Borger, Elke Hattingen, Hartmut Vatter, Christian E. Elger, Torsten Baldeweg, Felix Rosenow, Horst Urbach, Albert Becker, Alexander Radbruch, Rainer Surges, Martin Reuter, Fernando Cendes, Zhong Irene Wang, Hans-Juergen Huppertz, Theodor Rueber
Summary: Focal cortical dysplasias (FCDs) are common pathologies causing treatment-resistant focal epilepsy. Resective neurosurgery can be successful, but the visual assessment of magnetic resonance imaging is not always accurate in locating FCDs. Computational approaches using artificial intelligence show promise in automatic FCD detection. However, challenges remain in organizing imaging data, evaluating algorithmic output, and making research accessible and reproducible.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Hyo M. Lee, Seok-Jun Hong, Ravnoor Gill, Benoit Caldairou, Irene Wang, Jian-guo Zhang, Francesco Deleo, Dewi Schrader, Fabrice Bartolomei, Maxime Guye, Kyoo Ho Cho, Carmen Barba, Sanjay Sisodiya, Graeme Jackson, R. Edward Hogan, Lily Wong-Kisiel, Gregory D. Cascino, Andreas Schulze-Bonhage, Iscia Lopes-Cendes, Fernando Cendes, Renzo Guerrini, Boris Bernhardt, Neda Bernasconi, Andrea Bernasconi
Summary: This study explores the associations between Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) and cytoarchitecture, gene expression, and axes of cortical organization. The findings suggest that the vulnerability of the frontal lobe to FCD may be due to early termination of prenatal neurogenesis and aberrant postnatal synaptogenesis.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Laura Mirandola, Gaetano Cantalupo, Giuseppe d'Orsi, Stefano Meletti, Anna Elisabetta Vaudano, Lidia Di Vito, Aglaia Vignoli, Laura Tassi, Veronica Pelliccia
Summary: Gelastic seizures are rare epileptic manifestations characterized by laughter or a smile. The main etiology is represented by hypothalamic hamartoma, but also focal localization of the epileptogenic zone is described. Laughter represented the majority of gelastic ictal signs, while the ictal smile was less frequent.
EPILEPSY & BEHAVIOR
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Giada Giovannini, Roberta Bedin, Niccolo Orlandi, Giulia Turchi, Maria Cristina Cioclu, Niccolo Biagioli, Laura Madrassi, Matteo Pugnaghi, Anna Elisabetta Vaudano, Stefano Meletti
Summary: This study investigates the role of NfL and S100B as prognostic biomarkers for identifying patients who will develop short-term disability after an episode of Status Epilepticus (SE). The results show that serum levels of NfL were significantly higher in SE patients compared to patients with epilepsy and healthy controls, while S100B levels were also higher. However, only NfL levels were found to be an independent predictor of 30-day functional outcome.
EPILEPSY & BEHAVIOR
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Fabio A. Nascimento, Daniel Friedman, Jurriaan M. Peters, Meriem K. Bensalem-Owen, Fernando Cendes, Stefan Rampp, Elaine Wirrell, Ingmar Bluemcke, William Tatum, Sandor Beniczky
Summary: Correct diagnosis and classification of seizures and epilepsies are crucial to provide optimal care for epilepsy patients. Focal seizures are divided into focal aware, focal impaired awareness, and focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizures. Focal epilepsies are common in both children and adults, with different causes and subgroups. Neuroimaging, neurophysiology, and neuropathology are important in the diagnostic evaluation of focal epilepsies.
EPILEPTIC DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Stefano Meletti, Giulia Turchi, Niccolo Orlandi, Anna Elisabetta Vaudano, Maria Cristina Cioclu, Matteo Pugnaghi, Giada Giovannini
Summary: The objective of this study was to characterize the duration of seizures and inter-seizure intervals in focal status epilepticus (SE). The results showed that seizures in SE had longer duration and shorter inter-seizure intervals compared to isolated focal self-limiting seizures. An increase in seizure duration may indicate a more severe SE episode and require aggressive treatment.
EPILEPTIC DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ildefonso Rodriguez-Leyva, Karla Cantu-Flores, Arturo Dominguez-Frausto, Anna Elisabetta Vaudano, John Archer, Boris Bernhardt, Lorenzo Caciagli, Fernando Cendes, Yotin Chinvarun, Paolo Federico, William D. Gaillard, Eliane Kobayashi, Godwin Ogbole, Stefan Rampp, Irene Wang, Shuang Wang, Luis Concha
Summary: The ILAE Neuroimaging Task Force published educational case reports on neuroimaging in epilepsy. Neurocysticercosis is highly endemic in resource-limited countries and is increasingly seen in non-endemic regions due to migration. This article presents two cases with different clinical features to illustrate the varying severity of symptoms caused by this parasitic infestation, as well as examples of imaging characteristics that emphasize the central role of neuroimaging in diagnosing neurocysticercosis.
EPILEPTIC DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Niccolo Orlandi, Giuseppe d'Orsi, Giada Pauletto, Annacarmen Nilo, Luigi Sicurella, Francesca Pescini, Francesca Giglia, Angelo Labate, Angelina Lagana, Rosaria Renna, Salvatore Maria Cavalli, Leila Zummo, Mario Coletti Moja, Catello Vollono, Annarita Sabetta, Federica Ranzato, Salvatore Zappulla, Daniela Audenino, Stefania Miniello, Peiman Nazerian, Daniela Marino, Simona Lattanzi, Marta Piccioli, Anna Estraneo, Andrea Zini, Serena Servo, Giada Giovannini, Stefano Meletti, Daria BrivaCluster Study Grp, Daria Bianchini, Sara Contardi, Alessandra Fasolino, Giulio Maria Fiore, Nicoletta Foschi, Antonello Giordano, Patrizia Laisa, Daniele Lo Coco, Simona Maccora, Adriana Magaudda, Mariangela Panebianco, Elena Merli, Giovanni Piccirillo, Matteo Pugnaghi, Lorenzo Ramacciotti, Anna Elisabetta Vaudano, Giuseppina Vitale, Anna Zaniboni
Summary: The objective of this study was to evaluate the use, effectiveness, and safety of intravenous (IV) brivaracetam (BRV) in the treatment of seizure clusters (SC) in epilepsy patients. The results showed that BRV can effectively relieve SC and could be considered as a treatment option, particularly in cases of in-hospital onset.
SEIZURE-EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF EPILEPSY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Guilherme Rossi Assis-Mendonca, Maria Carolina Pedro Athie, Joao Vitor Gerdulli Tamanini, Arethusa de Souza, Gabriel Gerardini Zanetti, Patricia Aline Oliveira Ribeiro de Aguiar Araujo, Enrico Ghizoni, Helder Tedeschi, Marina Koutsodontis Machado Alvim, Vanessa Simao de Almeida, Welliton de Souza, Roland Coras, Clarissa Lin Yasuda, Ingmar Bluemcke, Andre Schwambach Vieira, Fernando Cendes, Iscia Lopes-Cendes, Fabio Rogerio
Summary: In this study, we analyzed the genetic material of FCD II patients and found that the cholesterol synthesis pathway was activated in the gray matter of the brain, which may be a neuroprotective response to seizures. Additionally, we identified upregulation of MTRNR2L12 and GPNMB expression, which may serve as potential neuropathological biomarkers for a cortex chronically exposed to seizures and balloon cells, respectively.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Emanuele Cerulli Irelli, Joanna Gesche, Sophie Schlabitz, Francesco Fortunato, Cecilia Catania, Alessandra Morano, Angelo Labate, Bernd J. Vorderwuelbecke, Antonio Gambardella, Betuel Baykan, Martin Holtkamp, Carlo Di Bonaventura, Christoph P. Beier
Summary: This multicenter retrospective study investigated the electroclinical features, seizure outcome, and antiseizure medication withdrawal in a large cohort of GTCA patients. The study found a low rate of drug resistance and a high prevalence of early response to treatment in GTCA patients.
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Anna Gardin, Marco Cavallaro, Angelo Labate
Summary: The diagnosis of herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) can be challenging due to its variable clinical presentation and atypical radiological features. Brain MRI plays a crucial role in identifying mimicking conditions, such as ischemic strokes, through accurate interpretation of specific sequences. This report highlights a case of misdiagnosed HSE, emphasizing the importance of MRI in the emergency setting.
NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Mauricio Martins Baldissin, Edna Marina de Souza, Nancy Watanabe, Elba C. S. C. Etchebehere, Fernando Cendes, Barbara Juarez Amorim
Summary: The role of brain F-18-FDG-PET and F-18-FDG-PET/CT in the diagnosis and follow-up of autoimmune encephalitis (AE) patients is discussed in this review. The review highlights the main findings and new perspectives on the use of these methods in studying the disease. The sensitivity of FDG-PET and FDG-PET/CT in detecting hyper and hypometabolism in AE patients is shown in the literature. It is suggested that specific metabolic alterations detected in imaging may be suggestive of the different antibodies causing AE. However, more prospective studies are needed for these imaging techniques to become a standard diagnostic method for AE.
CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL IMAGING
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Elisa Micalizzi, Alice Ballerini, Giada Giovannini, Maria Cristina Cioclu, Simona Scolastico, Matteo Pugnaghi, Niccolo Orlandi, Marcella Malagoli, Maurilio Genovese, Alessandra Todeschini, Leandra Giunta, Flavio Villani, Stefano Meletti, Anna Elisabetta Vaudano
Summary: By using MRI and analysis, it was found that in patients with ICA, there was an increase in gray matter volume in the amygdala ipsilateral to the epileptogenic zone, specifically in the basolateral complex. These structural changes in the amygdala may serve as valuable morphological biomarkers for ICA.
ANNALS OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL NEUROLOGY
(2023)
