Article
Soil Science
Naveen-Gupta, E. Humphreys, P. L. Eberbach, Balwinder-Singh, Sudhir-Yadav, S. S. Kukal
Summary: Soil evaporation is a significant non-productive water loss during crop production, especially in rice-wheat cropping systems. Rice straw mulch and zero tillage practices have positive effects on reducing soil evaporation, especially during the establishment phase of rice.
SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Soil Science
Sourav Ghosh, T. K. Das, K. S. Rana, D. R. Biswas, D. K. Das, Geeta Singh, Ranjan Bhattacharyya, Debarati Datta, Neelmani Rathi, Arti Bhatia
Summary: Puddled transplanted rice followed by conventional till wheat, the most predominant cropping system in South Asia, is unsustainable and leads to significant carbon emissions. Conservation agriculture practices, such as zero tillage and residue retention, have the potential to improve productivity and reduce energy and carbon footprints. The study found that the zero tillage systems outperformed the conventional tillage system in terms of lower energy consumption and higher yield and carbon efficiency.
SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Sunil Kumar Jha, Vinay Kumar Mishra, Thukkaram Damodaran, Atul Kumar Singh, Parbodh Chander Sharma, Dinesh Kumar Sharma, Deepak Ojha, Yash Pal Singh
Summary: This study estimated daily zinc intake in humans through field experiments in reclaimed sodic soil, and found that waste crop residue played a vital role in enhancing zinc uptake in rice and wheat grains in conservation tillage. Zinc dynamics, its bioavailability, interaction with soil properties, and its contribution in dietary intake were extensively studied. The highest daily zinc intake was found under the condition of zero tillage in rice followed by zero tillage in wheat with crop residue retained on the surface.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Parveen Kumar, Ashwani Kumar, A. K. Rai, R. K. Yadav, T. Damodaran, D. K. Sharma
Summary: Nutrient and residue management had minimal impact on the performance of zero till - direct seed rice-wheat cropping system in partially reclaimed sodic soils. Direct seeded rice is not a suitable option to replace transplanted rice.
INDIAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Ranbir Singh, Ajay Singh, Parvender Sheoran, R. K. Fagodiya, Arvind Kumar Rai, Priyanka Chandra, Sonia Rani, Rajender Kumar Yadav, P. C. Sharma
Summary: The study evaluated the impacts of long-term tillage and residue management practices on energy budgeting, carbon footprints, and greenhouse gas emissions in the western Indo-Gangetic Plains. Switching to zero tillage with residue addition was found to reduce energy consumption, greenhouse gas emissions, and carbon footprints, making it the best option for climate change mitigation and environmental protection in the region.
Article
Soil Science
Asik Dutta, Ranjan Bhattacharyya, Ved Prakash Chaudhary, Chhemendra Sharma, Chaitanya Prasad Nath, Soora Naresh Kumar, Brajendra Parmar
Summary: This study used an 18-year experiment to examine the impact of conservation agriculture (CA) on soil aggregation, carbon pools, and soil organic carbon (SOC) stock in a rice-wheat system. The findings showed that CA increased the SOC content and stock, improved soil aggregation, and managed long-term SOC content.
SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Soil Science
Kirti Saurabh, K. K. Rao, J. S. Mishra, Rakesh Kumar, S. P. Poonia, S. K. Samal, H. S. Roy, A. K. Dubey, Anup Kumar Choubey, S. Mondal, B. P. Bhatt, Mausam Verma, R. K. Malik
Summary: The study investigated the impact of different tillage practices and residue retention techniques on the sustainability of the rice-wheat cropping system in the Eastern Indo-Gangetic Plains. It was found that zero tillage crop establishment and residue retention contribute to improved soil health and agricultural system sustainability.
SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Apurbo K. Chaki, Donald S. Gaydon, Ram C. Dalal, William D. Bellotti, Mahesh K. Gathala, Akbar Hossain, Neal W. Menzies
Summary: This study comprehensively evaluated the capacity of APSIM to simulate the performance of conservation agriculture (CA) and conventional tillage (CT) cropping practices in diverse conditions in the Eastern Gangetic Plains. The model performed well in simulating different conditions and showed better performance in full-N compared to zero-N, capturing crop response accurately under a wide range of water stress environments.
FIELD CROPS RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dharam Bir Yadav, Ashok Yadav, Anil Kumar Vats, Gurjeet Gill, Ram K. Malik
Summary: Resource conservation and ecological interventions through improved crop establishment are essential to produce more while using less resources, mitigate climatic vulnerabilities, and protect environmental quality in the rice-wheat cropping system of India. Different planting methods, such as zero-till direct seeded rice and rotating conventional tilled direct seeded rice with transplanted rice, have shown variations in weed pressure and grain yield, with some methods demonstrating higher soil health improvement and irrigation water productivity compared to others.
SN APPLIED SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Geography
Brendan Brown, Arindam Samaddar, Kamaljeet Singh, Ava Leipzig, Anurag Kumar, Pankaj Kumar, Deepak Kumar Singh, Ram Malik, Peter Craufurd, Virender Kumar, Andrew McDonald
Summary: While Direct Seeded Rice (DSR) has potential benefits to smallholder farmers in the Eastern Gangetic Plains of South Asia, its scaling has been limited by lack of demand and supply of DSR services. Compared to zero tillage wheat, the complexity of DSR decision making highlights the need for considerations in selecting service providers and responsibilities for promotion. This study provides insights that could be useful for exploring farmer decision making processes more broadly.
JOURNAL OF RURAL STUDIES
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Ankit Saini, Sandeep Manuja, Suresh Kumar, Aqsa Hafeez, Baber Ali, Peter Poczai
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the impact of different cultivation methods and varieties on the productivity and profitability of the rice-wheat cropping system. The results showed that conventional tillage had the highest grain yield in both crops at both locations, while natural farming had the lowest grain yield. Reduced tillage had a negative effect on the grain yield of wheat and rice. Among the tested varieties, HPW 368 and Him Palam Lal Dhan 1 (HPR 2795) exhibited the highest grain yield and economic benefits.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Vicky Singh, Rajeev Kumar Gupta, Anu Kalia, Nadhir Al-Ansari, Abed Alataway, Ahmed Z. Dewidar, Mohamed A. Mattar
Summary: The sporadic burning of rice straw and resulting air pollution highlights the need for effective environmentally friendly rice residue management methods. A two-year field study has shown that zero tillage combined with the application of nitrophosphate and urea significantly improves wheat yield and soil microbial population. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IRS) analysis reveals changes in soil organic components.
Article
Agronomy
Vijay Pratap, S. K. Verma, Anchal Dass
Summary: This study evaluated the influence of different crop establishment methods and weed management options on direct-seeded rice. The results showed that zero-till direct-seeded rice with residue and Sesbania brown manure was effective in reducing crop-weed competition and increasing grain yield. Applying pendimethalin and chlorimuron + metsulfuron with hand-weeding further improved weed control and rice yield.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rafi Qamar, Atique Ur Rehman, Hafiz Muhammad Rashad Javeed, Abdul Rehman Abdul Rehman, Muhammad Ehsan Safdar, Hasnain Ali, Shakeel Ahmad
Summary: Rice-wheat production is crucial in the Indus-Ganga Plains and faces challenges such as lower wheat yields. Resource-conserving technology can improve wheat productivity, benefit farmers, and reduce poverty.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Jeevanjot Dhaliwal, M. S. Kahlon, S. S. Kukal
Summary: The research found that deep tillage can improve root growth and grain yield, exerting a significant impact on crop performance.
PADDY AND WATER ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Vijay Pooniya, R. R. Zhiipao, Niraj Biswakarma, S. L. Jat, Dinesh Kumar, C. M. Parihar, K. Swarnalakshmi, Achal Lama, A. K. Verma, Debasish Roy, Kajal Das, K. Majumdar, T. Satyanarayana, R. D. Jat, P. C. Ghasal, Hardev Ram, Rajkumar Jat, Amlan Nath
Summary: The study indicates that CA-based practices (ZTFB and PNB) can lead to higher yields and net returns in maize-chickpea rotation, while decreasing soil bulk density; application of NE and RDF can also increase crop yields and farm profits, while enhancing microbial biomass carbon in the soil.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Agricultural Economics & Policy
Barun Deb Pal, Shreya Kapoor, Sunil Saroj, M. L. Jat, Yogesh Kumar, K. H. Anantha
Summary: Laser land leveling (LLL) technology has been found to have a positive and significant impact on paddy yield and net income of farmers in drought-prone districts. The study shows an increase of 12% in rice yield and 16% in net income for LLL adopters compared to non-adopters.
JOURNAL OF AGRIBUSINESS IN DEVELOPING AND EMERGING ECONOMIES
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Hari Sankar Nayak, C. M. Parihar, B. N. Mandal, K. Patra, S. L. Jat, Raj Singh, V. K. Singh, M. L. Jat, S. Garnaik, J. Nayak, Ahmed M. Abdallah
Summary: The study showed that sub-surface point placement of nitrogen (NPM3) increased maize yield and had positive effects on crop growth behavior, nitrogen uptake and remobilization, as well as water use efficiency.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF AGRONOMY
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Hari Sankar Nayak, Joao Vasco Silva, Chiter Mal Parihar, Suresh K. Kakraliya, Timothy J. Krupnik, Deepak Bijarniya, Mangi Lal Jat, Parbodh C. Sharma, Hanuman Sahay Jat, Harminder Singh Sidhu, Tek B. Sapkota
Summary: The study analyzed a large database of individual farmer field data in the Northwestern IndoGangetic Plains of India to investigate rice yield gaps and nitrogen management. Small yield gaps were primarily attributed to technology yield gaps and high input use. Improving nitrogen partial factor productivity can be achieved through better matching of nitrogen rates to variety types cultivated.
FIELD CROPS RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Soil Science
Dibakar Roy, Ashim Datta, H. S. Jat, Madhu Choudhary, P. C. Sharma, P. K. Singh, M. L. Jat
Summary: The study suggests that conservation agriculture practices help improve soil quality by reducing bulk density, increasing water holding capacity, and enhancing soil organic carbon content and microbial activity. The maize-wheat cropping system showed higher soil quality index and is recommended for sustainable yield in North West India.
Article
Soil Science
Ashim Datta, Madhu Choudhury, P. C. Sharma, Priyanka, H. S. Jat, M. L. Jat, Sanjib Kar
Summary: Conservation agriculture (CA) has gained popularity among farmers for enriching soil organic carbon storage, but limited study has been done on its effect on soil humic acid content, stability, and functional groups. Research showed that CA contributes to increased soil organic carbon, stability of humic acid, and higher functional groups, indicating its importance in long-term soil carbon sequestration.
SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Vijay Pooniya, R. R. Zhiipao, Niraj Biswakarma, Dinesh Kumar, Y. S. Shivay, Subhash Babu, Kajal Das, A. K. Choudhary, Karivaradharajan Swarnalakshmi, R. D. Jat, R. L. Choudhary, Hardev Ram, Mukesh K. Khokhar, Ganapati Mukri, K. K. Lakhena, M. M. Puniya, Rajkumar Jat, L. Muralikrishnan, A. K. Singh, Achal Lama
Summary: Field experiments were conducted for 5 years to evaluate the performance of eight different integrated crop management modules in a maize-wheat rotation system. The results showed that the modules based on conservation agriculture and residue retention had higher crop yields, water productivity, and sustainable yield index compared to conventional modules. These modules also had positive impacts on soil properties.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Opinder Singh Sandhu, Mangi L. Jat, Rajeev Kumar Gupta, Harmeet Singh Thind, Harminder Singh Sidhu, Yadvinder Singh
Summary: This study used the nylon-mesh-bag technique to investigate the decomposition and nitrogen release dynamics of different crop residues under field conditions. The results showed that the decomposition rate and nitrogen release were higher for residue placed below the sub-surface compared to residue placed on the soil surface. Additionally, crop residues with a higher C/N ratio decomposed at a slower rate when applied on the soil surface in conservation agriculture, providing long-term benefits to soil thermal regime, soil moisture conservation, and carbon sequestration.
Article
Environmental Studies
Tripti Agarwal, Prarthna Agarwal Goel, Hom Gartaula, Munmum Rai, Deepak Bijarniya, Dil Bahadur Rahut, M. L. Jat
Summary: This study finds that climate-smart agricultural practices have a positive impact on reducing male out-migration and increasing CSAPs adoption. Improving female literacy and enhancing gender-equitable knowledge on CSAPs are crucial for safeguarding sustainable farming systems and improving livelihoods.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATE CHANGE STRATEGIES AND MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Tianning Zhang, Wei Xiong, Tek B. Sapkota, M. L. Jat, Carlo Montes, Timothy J. Krupnik, Raj Kumar Jat, Saral Karki, Harisankar Nayak, Asif Al Faisal, H. S. Jat
Summary: The ways in which farmers implement conservation agricultural practices vary considerably. Rice-wheat rotation in South Asia is a promising production system for conservation agriculture. However, yield responses to conservation agriculture vary across studies and regions. This study uses a long-term experiment and geospatial and survey data to simulate the effects of different management strategies on rice-wheat yield, highlighting the potential of conservation agriculture to increase productivity in South Asia.
FIELD CROPS RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Ashisa K. Prusty, Ravisankar Natesan, Azad S. Panwar, Mangi L. Jat, Jagdish P. Tetarwal, Santiago Lopez-Ridaura, Roos Adelhart Toorop, Jelle van den Akker, Jashanjot Kaur, Prakash C. Ghasal, Jeroen C. J. Groot, Luis Barba-Escoto, Poonam Kashyap, Meraj A. Ansari, Mohammad Shamim
Summary: Sustaining agricultural systems dominated by small and vulnerable resource-poor farms is a major challenge in most Asian countries. This study focuses on the role of agriculture in northwestern India, where marginal farmers represent a significant portion of the population. The research suggests that integrating innovative cropping systems into smallholder marginal farms can help achieve sustainable livelihoods for these farmers.
Article
Agronomy
Hanuman S. Jat, Madhu Choudhary, Suresh K. Kakraliya, Manoj K. Gora, Manish Kakraliya, Vikas Kumar, Priyanka, Tanuja Poonia, Andrew J. Mcdonald, Mangi L. Jat, Parbodh C. Sharma, Ahmed M. Abdallah
Summary: Earthworms can be used as an indicator for soil biology and agri-food system management. The adoption of climate-smart agriculture practices and precision irrigation techniques have positive effects on the abundance of earthworms and the physico-biochemical properties of the soil. Maize-based climate-smart agriculture scenarios using subsurface drip irrigation showed the highest earthworm density and biomass.
Article
Environmental Studies
Raj K. Jat, Vijay S. Meena, Manish Kumar, Vijay S. Jakkula, Illathur R. Reddy, Avinash C. Pandey
Summary: The adoption of the direct seeded rice (DSR) option significantly improves rice productivity and resilience, while saving time and delaying the seeding of succeeding crops.
Article
Soil Science
Ashim Datta, Dali Nayak, J. U. Smith, P. C. Sharma, H. S. Jat, A. K. Yadav, M. L. Jat
Summary: The study examines the potential impacts of climate smart agricultural practices (CSAP) on farms in Karnal, India. The results show that CSAP farms have better soil quality, higher carbon content, and lower greenhouse gas emissions compared to conventional practices. This suggests that CSAP has the potential to improve soil properties and reduce emissions, regardless of farm type and size.
Correction
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
B. Rana, C. M. Parihar, H. S. Nayak, K. Patra, V. K. Singh, P. Krishan, R. Pandey, N. Rathi, B. R. Meena, A. Kumar, N. Gupta, H. S. Sidhu, M. L. Jat
INDIAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
(2021)