Article
Thermodynamics
Arvin Sohrabi, Ali Behbahaninia, Saeed Sayadi
Summary: This study compares four fundamental Organic Rankine Cycle structures using a zeotropic mixture of Pentane and Hexane as the working fluid, finding that the recuperative dual-pressure ORC is the most efficient with the highest power generation, but economically less acceptable. The levelized cost of electricity for each mole fraction was calculated to conduct thermoeconomic analysis, revealing the superiority of recuperative structures in terms of net present value.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Sooraj Mohan, P. Dinesha, Pietro Elia Campana
Summary: In this study, a design of experiments approach and artificial neural network modeling were used to optimize the working fluid selection for organic Rankine cycle (ORC), resulting in the identification of the optimal working fluid and its corresponding performance.
Article
Thermodynamics
Pei Lu, Xianglong Luo, Jin Wang, Jianyong Chen, Yingzong Liang, Zhi Yang, Jiacheng He, Chao Wang, Ying Chen
Summary: A composition-adjustable Carnot battery (CB) technology is proposed to improve the performance of heat transfer components by utilizing and optimizing a zeotropic mixture. Compared with conventional CB and zeotropic CB, the composition-adjustable CB demonstrates higher round-trip efficiency and exergy efficiency in various operating scenarios.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Ghalya Pikra, Tinton Dwi Atmaja, Ahmad Fudholi, Rakhmad Indra Pramana, Andri Joko Purwanto, Nur Rohmah, Henny Sudibyo, Edy Riyanto
Summary: This study focused on analyzing the pressure drop in the organic Rankine cycle (ORC) power generation system, aiming to minimize the decrease in system performance. By using data from an installed ORC system, the researchers determined the working fluid with the lowest pressure drop. The analysis results revealed that the pressure drop in the evaporator and condenser varied among different scenarios, with scenario 3 having the lowest total pressure drop.
CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Zhiqi Wang, Yabin Zhao, Xiaoxia Xia, Huihui Pan, Sifeng Zhang, Zhipeng Liu
Summary: This study established a small-scale organic Rankine cycle experimental apparatus with a scroll expander and tested the system performance using different zeotropic mixtures. The results showed that an appropriate mass fraction of zeotropic mixture can improve the thermal efficiency and exergy efficiency of the system.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Mayank Srivastava, Jahar Sarkar, Arnab Sarkar, N. K. Maheshwari, A. Antony
Summary: This study compares the performance of six thermodynamic power cycles under different heat source and sink temperatures, and finds that the trilateral flash cycle is suitable for medium heat source temperature, while the CO2 cycle is suitable for low heat source temperature. The trilateral flash cycle shows a 11.5% higher exergy efficiency and a 16.16% increase in annual profit at 160 degrees C heat source temperature compared to the organic Rankine cycle with dry fluid. Decreasing the condenser temperature is more advantageous than increasing it. The study reveals that the CO2 Rankine cycle is advantageous for low-grade heat sources, while the trilateral flash cycle is advantageous for medium-grade heat sources in terms of performance, cost, design, operation, and environmental benefits.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Zhiqi Wang, Xiaoxia Xia, Huihui Pan, Qingsong Zuo, Naijun Zhou, Baoqi Xie
Summary: The study focuses on the comprehensive performance of a dual-loop organic Rankine cycle (DORC) influenced by working fluid pairs and key components. By conducting multi-objective optimization, suitable fluid pairs were selected and advanced exergy analysis was performed to estimate the improvement potential of each component. The results show that optimal performance can be achieved with specific mass fractions of zeotropic mixtures in the system.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Zineb Fergani, Tatiana Morosuk, Djamel Touil
Summary: This paper evaluates the performance of an organic Rankine cycle with zeotropic mixtures as working fluids using exergy-based methods and multi-objective optimization. Different mixtures were analyzed for their thermodynamic, economic, and environmental performances, with results showing varied advantages in each aspect.
Article
Thermodynamics
A. H. Mosaffa, L. Garousi Farshi
Summary: The study examines the thermodynamic feasibility of a salinity gradient solar pond-based power generation system utilizing a dual-pressure evaporation organic Rankine cycle and liquefied natural gas cold energy. Transient analysis was conducted to ensure reliable results. The optimal thermal performance was achieved with the zeotropic mixture R245ca/R236ea, leading to a high energy efficiency in Urmia, Iran.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Liuchen Liu, Guomin Cui, Christoph Wieland, Hartmut Spliethoff
Summary: Mass-based analysis is an effective method to investigate the performance of ORC systems using zeotropic fluid mixture. The study focuses on evaporator and condenser, and reveals that liquid-phase zones account for about 60% of total mass in both heat ex-changers. The relationship between initial charge and composition shift is also analyzed, showing that an increase in total mass leads to a decrease in mass in two-phase zones and an increase in mass in single-phase zones, resulting in a reduction of the average composition shift. The highest net output work is achieved when the initial working fluid charge rises to 130% of the design value.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zheng Liang, Yingzong Liang, Xianglong Luo, Jianyong Chen, Zhi Yang, Chao Wang, Ying Chen
Summary: Organic Rankine cycle (ORC) is a promising technology for converting low-grade energy into electricity. Conventional ORCs often operate with a single heat source, which can reduce efficiency. This study proposes a superstructure-based method for ORC design that synthesizes heat exchanger network for hybrid heat sources and optimizes the ORC and heat sources' parameters. Results show that implementing hybrid heat sources improves the system performance.
Article
Thermodynamics
Mehrshad Kolahchian Tabrizi, Davide Bonalumi
Summary: This study analyzed the techno-economic performance of 2-propanol/1-butanol zeotropic mixture and 2-propanol/water azeotropic mixture as working fluids in Organic Rankine Cycles (ORC) for waste heat recovery. The results showed that under certain conditions, zeotropic mixtures can achieve higher efficiencies, with propanol/butanol mixtures and propanol/water mixtures outperforming toluene and MM.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Zhanying Zheng, Xiaoqiang Hong, Wei Wu, Yong-qiang Feng, Michael K. H. Leung
Summary: The presence of moisture in industrial exhaust gases can significantly increase the net power output of thermodynamic cycles used for electricity generation. In particular, the dual-pressure organic Rankine cycle shows the most convincing performance enhancement when compared to a simple organic Rankine cycle.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Chenfang Wang, Qingshan Li, Chunmei Wang, Yangjun Zhang, Weilin Zhuge
Summary: The study established a thermodynamic model for a hybrid system of PEMFC and ORC, selected the optimal working fluid, and discussed the effects of key parameters on system performance. Results showed that the system’s power and efficiency improved with increasing operating temperature, reaching optimal values with a specific zeotropic mixture, leading to a significant increase in net power and efficiency. Discussions on the influence of maximum evaporation pressure and stack operating temperature on the selection of the optimum working fluid were also included.
Article
Thermodynamics
Bo Liu, Xiangji Guo, Xiuzhi Xi, Jianhua Sun, Bo Zhang, Zhuqiang Yang
Summary: A model is established for an ejector with a zeotropic refrigerant as the working medium, and the refrigeration cycle of the ejector is analysed. The influence of the temperature glide on the temperature and pressure in different parts of the ejector is investigated. The results show that using a zeotropic mixture can increase the outlet temperatures of the generator and evaporator, and the average temperature difference in the condenser is larger due to the temperature glide characteristics of the zeotropic refrigerant.
Article
Thermodynamics
Ji Zhang, Brian Elmegaard, Fredrik Haglind
Summary: This paper presents an experimental analysis of the flow condensation heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics of zeotropic mixtures in a plate heat exchanger. The study found that heat transfer degradation of the zeotropic mixture increases with decreasing condensation temperature and mass flux.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
B. Rogie, C. Wen, M. R. Kaern, E. Rothuizen
Summary: The study found that replacing expansion valves with ejectors in hydrogen fuelling stations can significantly reduce energy consumption for hydrogen compression, while also revealing the impact of increasing the number of buffer tanks on energy savings.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Maria E. Mondejar, Maria Regidor, Joerg Krafczyk, Christian Ihmels, Bastian Schmid, Georgios M. Kontogeorgis, Fredrik Haglind
Summary: This paper describes the collection, scope, utility, and development of a comprehensive database of published experimental thermophysical properties of nanofluids. The database includes 307 datasets with 8118 data records covering 13 types of base fluids and 19 nanoparticle types. The first release of the database is accessible for free through the Dortmund Databank.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Nishith B. Desai, Henrik Pranov, Fredrik Haglind
Summary: The use of a micro-structured polymer foil-based concentrating solar collector system offers a cost-effective and low maintenance option for medium-scale dispatchable power and fresh water generation. This system is suitable for complex applications and has great potential to address electricity and water crises effectively.
Article
Thermodynamics
Ji Zhang, Fredrik Haglind
Summary: This study experimentally analyzed the heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics in plate heat exchangers at high temperature flow boiling, identifying different heat transfer mechanisms for various working fluids. Propane and isobutane exhibited higher heat transfer coefficients, while R236fa had the lowest. Frictional pressure drops increased with vapor quality and mass flux, and decreased with saturation temperature, with prediction methods developed for heat transfer and pressure drop data.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Jesper Graa Andreasen, Enrico Baldasso, Martin Ryhl Kaern, Theresa Weith, Florian Heberle, Dieter Brueggemann, Fredrik Haglind
Summary: This paper evaluates the techno-economic feasibility of using zeotropic mixtures as working fluids in organic Rankine cycle power systems, finding that the mixture R1234yf/i-butane has the highest net present value. The techno-economic benefit of using mixtures is robust to variations in electricity price, working fluid cost, and equipment cost estimation models.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Gianluca Carraro, Roberto Pili, Andrea Lazzaretto, Fredrik Haglind
Summary: The use of organic Rankine cycle systems for waste heat recovery on heavy-duty vehicles is an effective solution to reduce fuel consumption and environmental pollution. The design parameters of a fin-and-tube evaporator in such systems have an impact on the dynamic response, which in turn affects its weight and dampening effects. The study found that increasing the evaporator weight can help dampen the effects of larger heat source fluctuations, with simultaneous variations in the inner diameter of the evaporator tube and tube spacing leading to the highest dampening effect on net power output.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Xiaohui Huang, Ji Zhang, Fredrik Haglind
Summary: This study presents an experimental analysis of high temperature condensation of zeotropic mixtures in a plate heat exchanger. The results show that the R1234ze(E)/R1233zd(E) mixture has higher heat transfer coefficient and frictional pressure drop compared to the R134a/R245fa mixture. A modified model predicts the heat transfer data with good accuracy, and a new pressure drop correlation accurately predicts the pressure drop results.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REFRIGERATION
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Roberto Pili, Soren Bojer Jorgensen, Fredrik Haglind
Summary: This paper presents a novel design method for Organic Rankine Cycle systems subject to highly fluctuating heat sources, ensuring safe and efficient operation.
Article
Thermodynamics
Xiaohui Huang, Ji Zhang, Fredrik Haglind
Summary: This study experimentally tested the condensation characteristics of hydrofluoroolefin mixtures in a plate heat exchanger and analyzed the heat transfer and pressure drop. The results showed a decrease in heat transfer coefficient when using hydrofluoroolefin mixtures, and the predicted models can accurately predict the heat transfer and pressure drop data. Additionally, the hydrofluoroolefin mixtures exhibited higher heat transfer coefficient and frictional pressure drop compared to other mixtures with the same temperature glide.
INTERNATIONAL COMMUNICATIONS IN HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Roberto Pili, Christoph Wieland, Hartmut Spliethoff, Fredrik Haglind
Summary: Organic Rankine cycle systems are the most promising technology for recovering waste heat from heavy-duty vehicles. The highly transient nature of the waste heat is a major challenge for integrating the organic Rankine cycle unit efficiently. This paper presents a novel high-order advanced feedforward control concept to improve the performance of organic Rankine cycle units.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Nishith B. Desai, Maria E. Mondejar, Fredrik Haglind
Summary: This paper presents a techno-economic analysis of a cogeneration plant using a micro-structured polymer foil-based solar collector system. The study compares different energy storage technologies and concludes that packed-bed rock storage is the most suitable option, offering significant cost reduction in electricity and water.
Article
Thermodynamics
Roberto Pili, Christoph Wieland, Hartmut Spliethoff, Fredrik Haglind
Summary: The organic Rankine cycle power system is a promising technology for waste heat recovery in heavy-duty trucks. Model predictive control is an effective tool for safe and optimal operation of the system. This paper presents a systematic method for tuning the controller based on a multi-objective optimization routine and a reduced linear model.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Xiaohui Huang, Ji Zhang, Fredrik Haglind
Summary: This study experimentally investigated high temperature flow boiling of zeotropic mixtures in a plate heat exchanger and developed new heat transfer and pressure drop prediction methods. The results showed that heat transfer was dominated by nucleate boiling and the heat transfer degradation of zeotropic mixtures was up to 42%. The pressure drop characteristics of zeotropic mixtures were similar to pure fluids. Existing methods provided good predictions of heat transfer data and the new heat transfer correlations improved the predictive performance.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Paride Gullo, Michael Birkelund, Ekaterini E. Kriezi, Martin Ryhl Kaern
Summary: The study found that the PWM ejector-equipped transcritical R744 condensing units effectively control high pressure and achieve energy savings of 7.0% to 11.1%. The PWM ejector also offers higher coefficient of performance compared to its competitors.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REFRIGERATION
(2023)