Article
Ophthalmology
Eric J. Shiuey, Nikki A. Mehran, Melih Ustaoglu, Qiang Zhang, Reza Razeghinejad, Aakriti G. Shukla, Natasha N. Kolomeyer, Jonathan S. Myers, Daniel Lee
Summary: Netarsudil 0.02% ophthalmic solution significantly reduces intraocular pressure in patients with glaucoma, even in those using multiple glaucoma medications. Possible side effects include conjunctival hyperemia and blurred vision, but do not result in significant worsening of visual acuity.
GRAEFES ARCHIVE FOR CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Richard F. Riedel, Mark Agulnik
Summary: Desmoid tumors (DTs) are rare soft tissue mesenchymal neoplasms that can cause impairments, disfigurement, morbidity, and rarely mortality. Most DTs are sporadic with somatic mutations in the gene encoding beta-catenin, while DTs in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis are associated with germline mutations in the APC gene. Pathology review and magnetic resonance imaging are crucial for diagnosis. Surgery, once the standard of care, is now associated with high risk of recurrence and avoidable morbidity, so active surveillance and pain management are recommended. Medical treatment options include tyrosine kinase inhibitors and conventional chemotherapy, while gamma-secretase inhibitors show promise. Multidisciplinary evaluation and personalized management are essential.
Article
Ophthalmology
Manoj Mathur, P. Ratnam, S. J. Saikumar, Manuel John, Siddharth Ravishankar, M. B. Dinesh, Priya Chandil, Kishore Pahuja, Vidya Cherlikar, Sunny Wadhwani, Pankaj Bendale, Ajit Hazari, Rajesh Mishra, Susheel Deshmukh, Rahul Achlerkar, Devang Shah, Chanda Hingorani, Kaivan Shah, Pratik Topiwala, Sheetal Jani, Viral Rana, Nilay Majumdar, Debasis Chakrabarti, Rituparna Dey, Debabrata Halder, Sumit Choudhury, Ajeet Kumar, Sasmita Das, Ashok Nanda, Vidya Kumar, Rama Dubey, Gulam Kamdar, Alka Pandey, Sheetal Kishanpuria, Rajat Srivastava, Parul Singh, Sunil Verma, Neha Sharma, Rajeev Gupta
Summary: This study demonstrates that monotherapy with netarsudil 0.02% w/v solution is safe and effective as a first-line treatment for primary open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension. Patients only experienced a small number of tolerable adverse effects.
INDIAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Ahnul Ha, Young Kook Kim, Jin Wook Jeoung, Sanjeev Satyal, Jaesoon Kim, Soojin Kim, Ki Ho Park
Summary: Sovesudil showed significant IOP-lowering effects in NTG patients, with the 0.5% concentration meeting the criteria for superiority to the placebo. The most common adverse event was mild conjunctival hyperaemia.
ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Francesco Mincione, Alessio Nocentini, Claudiu T. Supuran
Summary: Glaucoma is a neuropathy characterized by increased intraocular pressure, with treatment aiming at reducing IOP. The field of anti-glaucoma drugs has seen developments in recent years, with new drugs from novel pharmacological classes and combinations of different drugs for effective IOP control.
EXPERT OPINION ON DRUG DISCOVERY
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Eileen L. Chang, David K. Emmel, Christopher C. Teng, Soshian Sarrafpour, Ji Liu
Summary: This study describes the development of anterior subcapsular cataracts in patients on long-term use of topical netarsudil. It highlights the importance of monitoring cataract development in patients using netarsudil.
JOURNAL OF GLAUCOMA
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Michelle P. Debbink, Lynda G. Ugwu, William A. Grobman, Uma M. Reddy, Alan T. N. Tita, Yasser Y. El-Sayed, Ronald J. Wapner, Dwight J. Rouse, George R. Saade, John M. Thorp, Suneet P. Chauhan, Maged M. Costantine, Edward K. Chien, Brian M. Casey, Sindhu K. Srinivas, Geeta K. Swamy, Hyagriv N. Simhan
Summary: Long-term use of topical netarsudil may lead to the development of anterior subcapsular cataracts, as evidenced by patients developing opacities within 15 to 37 months of initiating the medication. These cataracts were generally small in size (1 to 3 mm) and appeared round, oval, or ring-shaped, with mild density, and no other risk factors for cataract development were found in these patients. Regular monitoring for potential cataract development is recommended for patients on long-term netarsudil use.
JOURNAL OF GLAUCOMA
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Sadahisa Ogasawara, Su-Pin Choo, Jiang-Tao Li, Changhoon Yoo, Bruce Wang, Dee Lee, Pierce K. H. Chow
Summary: Systemic therapies like sorafenib and lenvatinib have been standard for advanced HCC treatment, but the approval of atezolizumab in combination with bevacizumab has opened up new possibilities for immunotherapy. As treatment options expand, the challenge in the Asia-Pacific region lies in different drug availability and costs, requiring expert opinions to optimize outcomes for advanced HCC.
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Xiangrong Xu, Lei Yao
Summary: This article reviews recent research progress on ROCK inhibitors, especially those with potential for the treatment of cancers, reported in the literature from 2015 to 2021. Most ROCK inhibitors show potent in vitro and in vivo antitumor activities and have potential in the treatment of cancers.
MEDICINAL RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Olga Gumkowska-Sroka, Kacper Kotyla, Ewa Mojs, Klaudia Palka, Przemyslaw Kotyla
Summary: Systemic sclerosis is a connective tissue disease with unknown origin and unpredictable course, exhibiting both cutaneous and internal organ manifestations. Despite the lack of understanding about its background and the absence of specific therapy, the focus of treatment is to preserve organ function. However, in modern times, insights from other fields of medicine may provide new possibilities for treating disease-related complications.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alberto Servetto, Daniela Esposito, Roberto Ferrara, Diego Signorelli, Stefania Belli, Fabiana Napolitano, Antonio Santaniello, Paola Ciciola, Luigi Formisano, Roberto Bianco
Summary: The RET oncogene is an important therapeutic target in solid malignancies, especially in thyroid cancer and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Tumors harboring RET fusion genes are particularly sensitive to RET tyrosine kinase inhibitors and exhibit distinct clinical and molecular features compared to RET fusion-negative tumors.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-REVIEWS ON CANCER
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Luca Pagano, Jason William Lee, Matteo Posarelli, Giuseppe Giannaccare, Stephen Kaye, Alfredo Borgia
Summary: Rho kinase inhibitors, such as ripasudil and netarsudil, have emerged as promising treatment options in ophthalmology, particularly for glaucoma and corneal pathology. They have been shown to be effective in both in vitro and clinical studies. Their applications also extend to surgical procedures where they aid in visual recovery, scar reduction, and intraocular pressure control.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dominika Natalia Wojewska, Arjan Kortholt
Summary: This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of the art, presenting recent developments and challenges in developing LRRK2 inhibitors, and discussing extensively the potential targeting strategies from the protein perspective. As currently there are three LRRK2-targeting agents in clinical trials, more developments are predicted in the upcoming years.
Review
Psychiatry
Ali S. Imami, Robert E. McCullumsmith, Sinead M. O'Donovan
Summary: Drug repurposing is an invaluable strategy for identifying new uses for existing drug therapies, especially in terms of time and financial costs compared to novel drug development. The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a surge in the use of bioinformatic tools to identify repurposable drugs, with applications extending to treatments for CNS disorders. These advancements in bioinformatic drug repurposing offer promise for improved treatments for complex brain disorders such as neuropsychiatric and neurological disorders.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Raluca Iancu, Ruxandra Pirvulescu, Sanziana Istrate, Alina Popa Cherecheanu, George Iancu, Marian Burcea
Summary: Rho-kinases, also known as coiled-coil containing protein kinases, are proteins belonging to the guanine triphosphate-ase family. Inhibition of Rho-kinase presents a new therapeutic target for various diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, neuronal degeneration, asthma, and cancer. The pathway of ROCK inhibition plays important roles in multiple ocular pathologies, including promoting wound healing, regulating intraocular functions, and inhibiting the development of new blood vessels.