Journal
DESALINATION
Volume 458, Issue -, Pages 45-53Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2019.01.023
Keywords
Carbon aerogel; Capacitive deionization; Electrosorption; Positive-negative alternate adsorption (PNAA)
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Funding
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2017YFA0204600]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [11874288]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities from Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
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Carbon aerogels (CM) with different microstructure were prepared via ambient pressure drying for capacitive deionization (CDI) of NaCI solution. The activated CM exhibit a hierarchical porous structure, whose micro-, meso- and macropore size distribution can be varied with the molar ratio of resorcinol to catalyst (R/C). Desalination experiments illustrate that CA electrode with R/C of 200 shows the maximum salt adsorption capacity (SAC) of 10.34 mg/g at a working voltage of 1.5 V. It is found that electrosorption capacity of CA electrodes dose not only depend on the micro-porosity for large surface area but also the mesopores who provide transport channels. A positive-negative alternate adsorption (PNAA) method by alternating the polarity of voltage applied on the electrodes was developed to enhance the desalination capacity. The ultimate SAC of CA electrode with R/C of 200 is 25.45 mg/g, which is more than twice of the adsorption amount for the single adsorption. This method makes full use of the pores of the CAs and provides a further enhancing capacity for CA CDI.
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