Journal
COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY C-TOXICOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY
Volume 223, Issue -, Pages 124-138Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2019.05.014
Keywords
Deiodinases; Evolution; Invertebrates; Thyroid hormones; Thyroid hormone receptors; Thyroid disruption
Funding
- Norte2020
- FEDER [Norte-01-0145-FEDER-000036, 031342]
- COMPETE 2020, Portugal 2020
- European Union through the ERDF
- Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT) - Programa de Cooperacao Interreg Portugal/Espanha, (POCTEP) [0725]
- FCT [SFRH/BPD/81501/2011]
- Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia [SFRH/BPD/81501/2011] Funding Source: FCT
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Thyroid hormones (THs) are the only iodine-containing hormones that play fundamental roles in chordates and non-chordates. The chemical nature, mode of action and the synthesis of THs are well established in mammals and other vertebrates. Although thyroid-like hormones have been detected in protostomes and non-chordate deuterostomes, TH signaling is poorly understood as compared to vertebrates, particularly in protostomes. Therefore, the central objective of this article is to review TH system components and TH-induced effects in non-vertebrate chordates, non-chordate deuterostomes and protostomes based on available genomes and functional information. To accomplish this task, we integrate here the available knowledge on the THs signaling across non-vertebrate chordates, non-chordate deuterostomes and protostomes by considering studies encompassing TH system components and physiological actions of THs. We also address the possible interactions of thyroid disrupting chemicals and their effects in protostomes and non-chordate deuterostomes. Finally, the perspectives on current and future challenges are discussed.
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