Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Marilisa Straface, Marie -Ange Koussai, Raj Makwana, Ellie Crawley, Alexandra Palmer, Weigang Cai, Armen Gharibans, Miriam Adebibe, John Loy, Greg O'Grady, Paul L. R. Andrews, Gareth J. Sanger
Summary: Software was developed to measure muscle tone and parameters defining contractions in human stomach. The study found that only E-4031 and CaCC blockers influenced myogenic contractions, not muscle tone.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Changyong Li, Yan Jin
Summary: Understanding gastric digestion mechanisms is crucial for functional food design. In this study, meat-protein digestion in the human stomach was investigated using a CFD method. The study found that digestion and emptying were faster when meat was treated at a higher temperature. Weakened gastric motility or H+ secretion from stomach disorders significantly reduced the digestion rate. TACs stimulated backflows and enhanced enzyme and H+ transport, accelerating digestion. The presence of a food matrix made of large food particles led to liquid gastric contents being emptied through a pathway close to the stomach inner-surface.
INNOVATIVE FOOD SCIENCE & EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Alejandro Oncina-Canovas, Sandra Gonzalez-Palacios, Leyre Notario-Barandiaran, Laura Torres-Collado, Antonio Signes-Pastor, Enrique De-Madaria, Miguel Santibanez, Manuela Garcia-de la Hera, Jesus Vioque
Summary: This study aimed to assess the association between three pro-vegetarian food patterns and the risk of esophageal, stomach, and pancreatic cancers. The results showed that adherence to general and healthful pro-vegetarian food patterns was associated with a lower risk of these cancers, while adherence to an unhealthful pro-vegetarian food pattern was associated with a higher risk of stomach cancer.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Raj Makwana, John Loy, Miriam Adebibe, Kalpana Devalia, Paul Lr. Andrews, Gareth J. Sanger
Summary: The study found that, unlike AVP, copeptin does not have a direct ability to modulate the motility of the human and mouse stomach.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daniela Freitas, Isabelle Souchon, Steven Le Feunteun
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between bread density, oral and gastric digestion, and glycaemic index (GI). The results suggest that higher bread density is associated with a lower GI, possibly due to the impact of gastric digestion on the proportion of starch remaining to be digested in the small intestine.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jin-Long Zhuang, Xu Sun, Wei-Qi Zhao, Xu Zhang, Jia-Jia Zhou, Bing-Jie Ni, Yong-Di Liu, James P. Shapleigh, Wei Li
Summary: This study introduces an innovative reactor called iGB-A/PD, which combines granular sludge and fixed-biofilm to remove nitrogen from municipal wastewater. Compared to other A/PD systems, this reactor has higher effluent quality and nitrogen removal rate. Gene expression analysis confirms the important role of anammox bacteria in nitrogen removal and reveals high expression of other genes related to nitrogen conversion. Kinetic assays and mass flux determination show the activity and importance of different regions of the reactor in nitrogen conversion. Metagenomic analysis identifies the dominant species involved in the process.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Michael Camilleri
Summary: The purpose of this review is to summarize the role of gastric motor functions in the development of satiation and satiety, and their impact on weight change. The specific topics include the methods of measurement of gastric emptying and accommodation and their impact on food intake, satiation, and satiety, as well as the comparison of bariatric surgery to endoscopic gastroplasty in altering gastric emptying and incretin responses.
NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Amarendra Singh, A. K. Srivastava, Virendra Pathak, A. K. Shukla
Summary: This study conducted a long-term comparative analysis of aerosol characteristics during the biomass burning and dusty periods in the Indo-Gangetic Basin region. The study found that the aerosol levels in the region were mainly influenced by local sources as well as the upper and middle IGB region. During the biomass burning period, anthropogenic aerosols were dominant, while desert dust was dominant during the dusty period. The results provide important insights into environmental pollution and health issues in the area.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Pichamol Jirapinyo, Christopher C. Thompson
Summary: Obesity is a pandemic with various treatment options available, including lifestyle modification, pharmacotherapy, endoscopic bariatric and metabolic therapy, and bariatric surgery. Gastroenterologists need to be familiar with these treatments in order to guide patients in selecting the appropriate therapy. This chapter reviews the currently available and upcoming treatment methods.
DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Zhicheng Xu, Xingzu Gao, Guoxue Li, Long D. Nghiem, Wenhai Luo
Summary: This study investigates the effects of mature compost addition on microbial metabolisms and physiological behaviors during organic waste composting. The results show that mature compost promotes the decomposition of organic waste and the removal of biological contaminants. However, the continuous temperature increase during composting is limited when the balance of oxidative phosphorylation is disrupted.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Ibtissem Doghri, Tamazight Cherifi, Coralie Goetz, Francois Malouin, Mario Jacques, Philippe Fravalo
Summary: The study explored the efficacy of molecules such as tomatidine, zinc chloride, EDTA, and a complex mixture from CNS exoproducts in counteracting L. monocytogenes biofilm formation. The active molecules showed significant inhibition in the early stage of biofilm development but were ineffective in dispersing mature biofilms. Prevention of surface attachment was associated with disruption of bacterial motility, highlighting the critical role of motility in biofilm formation.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Kazumi Inokuchi, Tatsuhiro Masaoka, Takanori Kanai
Summary: Prokinetics is a limited therapeutic option for functional and motility disorders of the stomach, while Kampo medicine, especially herbs like rikkunshito, offers alternative treatment with diverse therapeutic mechanisms. The increasing evidence for the efficacy of herbal medicine in treating stomach disorders highlights the potential of herbal medicine as a valuable therapeutic option.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Fabian Winter, Philipp Schick, Werner Weitschies
Summary: Delayed gastric emptying has a significant impact on drug absorption. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic models can simulate the effects of different meals on gastric emptying. Parameter predictions for gastric emptying can be made using mathematical equations and regression models. This model can simulate the gastric emptying of mixed solid meals with specific meal characteristics using PBPK software.
MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS
(2022)
Review
Fisheries
Christian M. Ibanez, Rodrigo Riera, Tatiana Leite, Mariana Diaz-Santana-Iturrios, Rui Rosa, M. Cecilia Pardo-Gandarillas
Summary: This study reviews biases in stomach content analysis for cephalopods, suggests using unbiased estimators for describing dietary data, and highlights the influence of empty stomachs and highly digested preys on sample size. It also emphasizes the importance of increasing trophic studies to fill the gap of knowledge in cephalopod diet.
REVIEWS IN FISH BIOLOGY AND FISHERIES
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Koji Ataka, Akihiro Asakawa, Ikuo Kato
Summary: Rubiscolin-6, a peptide derived from Spinacia oleracea, has been found to inhibit gastric antrum motility and increase food intake. These effects are mediated through delta-opioid receptors and may be useful in the treatment of anorexia and cachexia.
MOLECULAR MEDICINE REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Mohammad Hassan Murad, Abdalla Kara Balla, Muhammad Shahzeb Khan, Asim Shaikh, Samer Saadi, Zhen Wang
Summary: The fragility index (FI) is a useful measure for assessing the robustness of statistically significant results. This study identified a range of FI values (19-22) that can indicate the precision of treatment effects, providing a rule of thumb for evaluating the stability of treatment outcomes.
BMJ EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yaqi Jing, Mohammad Hassan Murad, Lifeng Lin
Summary: This article proposes a Bayesian hierarchical model to synthesize different types of study results. The Bayesian method generally produces more accurate results compared to the conventional conversion method. However, the Bayesian method relies on the normality assumption for continuous measures and may lead to biases for non-normal data.
JOURNAL OF BIOPHARMACEUTICAL STATISTICS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Fateh Bazerbachi, Najib Nassani, Georgios Mavrogenis, Klaus Moenkemueller
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Madelin R. Siedler, M. Hassan Murad, Rebecca L. Morgan, Yngve Falck-Ytter, Reem A. Mustafa, Shahnaz Sultan, Philipp Dahm
BMJ EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
M. Hassan Murad, Melanie D. Swift, Raymund R. Razonable, Aaron J. Tande, John W. Wilson, Mary J. Kasten, Irene G. Sia, Jennifer N. Matey, Greg Vanichkachorn, Natalie A. Caine, Vijay Shah, Jack O'Horo, Molly J. Destro Borgen, Clayton T. Cowl, Elie F. Berbari
MAYO CLINIC PROCEEDINGS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Zhen Wang, Muayad A. Alzuabi, Rebecca L. Morgan, Reem A. Mustafa, Yngve Falck-Ytter, Philipp Dahm, Shahnaz Sultan, Mohammad Hassan Murad
Summary: This study empirically evaluated five commonly used meta-analysis methods and their impact on imprecision judgements about effect estimates. The results showed that different pooling methods led to different conclusions about the precision of effect estimates, particularly when the number of studies was small and statistical heterogeneity was substantial. Therefore, sensitivity analyses using multiple methods may be necessary in these two scenarios.
BMJ EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Michael Lajin, Naser Khan, Fateh Bazerbachi
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Georgios Mavrogenis, Efthymios Maurommatis, Charalampos Koumentakis, Ioannis Tsevgas, Dimitrios Zachariadis, Fateh Bazerbachi
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Georgios Mavrogenis, Dimitrios Ntourakis, Neoklis Kritikos, Panagiotis Kasapidis, Loukas Kaklamanis, Vassilis Kouloulias, Fateh Bazerbachi
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
M. Hassan Murad, Zhen Wang, Ye Zhu, Samer Saadi, Haitao Chu, Lifeng Lin
Summary: Trading off benefits and harms requires knowledge of the absolute risk reduction or risk difference, making risk difference a critical measure for decision making. However, estimating risk difference is not straightforward and the available methods have various limitations. This article discusses four methods for estimating risk difference and provides recommendations on when to use each approach.
BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Mohammad Hassan Murad, Zhen Wang, Haitao Chu, Lifeng Lin, Ibrahim K. El Mikati, Joanne Khabsa, Elie Akl, Robby Nieuwlaat, Holger J. Schuenemann, Irbaz Bin Riaz
Summary: Living systematic reviews (LSRs) are continuously updated reviews that incorporate new evidence as it becomes available. It is important to determine when to retire LSRs from the living mode, and we propose triggers for making that decision. The first trigger is retiring LSRs when there is conclusive evidence for decision-making. The second trigger is retiring LSRs when the question becomes less pertinent for decision-making or when resources are unavailable.
BMJ EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Georgios Mavrogenis, Fateh Bazerbachi
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Georgios Mavrogenis, Efthymios Maurommatis, Charalampos Koumentakis, Ioannis Tsevgas, Dimitrios Zachariadis, Fateh Bazerbachi
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
M. Hassan Murad, Jos Verbeek, Lukas Schwingshackl, Tommaso Filippini, Marco Vinceti, Elie A. Akl, Rebecca L. Morgan, Reem A. Mustafa, Dena Zeraatkar, Emily Senerth, Renee Street, Lifeng Lin, Yngve Falck-Ytter, Gordon Guyatt, Holger J. Schunemann
Summary: This article discusses the impact of dose-response gradients on the certainty of evidence in intervention and exposure studies. By determining the credibility of the gradient and applying the gradient domain, ratings can be increased.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Omar M. Ghanem, Rabih Ghazi, Farah Abdul Razzak, Fateh Bazerbachi, Karthik Ravi, Leena Khaitan, Shanu N. Kothari, Barham K. Abu Dayyeh
Summary: Bariatric surgeries can lead to de-novo gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) or worsen pre-existing GERD. The increasing rates of obesity and bariatric surgeries worldwide have resulted in more patients needing post-surgical GERD evaluation. However, there is currently no standardized approach for assessing GERD in these patients. In this review, we discuss the relationship between GERD and the most common bariatric surgeries, sleeve gastrectomy (SG) and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), focusing on the underlying pathophysiology, objective assessment methods, and anatomical and motility disturbances. We propose a stepwise algorithm for diagnosing GERD after SG and RYGB, identifying the underlying cause, and guiding management and treatment.
GASTROENTEROLOGY REPORT
(2023)