Article
Engineering, Environmental
Ahmed M. Saleh, Yasser M. Hassan, Talaat H. Habeeb, Areej A. Alkhalaf, Wael N. Hozzein, Samy Selim, Hamada AbdElgawad
Summary: The study found that HgO-NPs cause severe phytotoxic hazards to plants, but this effect may be less detrimental under future CO2 climate.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
A. N. M. Mubarak, A. J. Burgess, K. Pyke, W. P. Quick, E. H. Murchie
Summary: To increase rice yields, it is crucial to identify germplasm with improved efficiency of primary metabolism. This can be achieved by screening genetically diverse populations under altered environmental conditions, such as low CO2 concentrations. In this study, a pipeline was developed to screen mutant populations of rice seedlings under low CO2 conditions, and putative candidates with altered chlorophyll depletion were identified.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Pengpeng Li, Zuying Liao, Jingzhe Zhou, Liyan Yin, Hong Sheng Jiang, Wei Li
Summary: Submerged macrophytes have developed the ability to use bicarbonate to mitigate the effects of photorespiration, leading to increased oxygen production. Experiments have shown that inhibiting bicarbonate use with a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor significantly reduces oxygen production rate in three out of four studied submerged macrophytes, while the species that solely use CO2 are not affected.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2021)
Review
Plant Sciences
Hermann Bauwe
Summary: The photorespiratory repair pathway, or photorespiration, was established in cyanobacteria about three billion years ago. It was later inherited by chloroplasts and plays a crucial role in preventing oxygenic photosynthesis from poisoning itself. In plants, photorespiration consists of a complex network of enzymes and metabolic processes that remove harmful by-products and enhance CO2 fixation. Understanding photorespiration and its interaction with other metabolic pathways is important for improving crop productivity.
JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anum Zeb Abbasi, Misbah Bilal, Ghazal Khurshid, Charilaos Yiotis, Iftikhar Zeb, Jamshaid Hussain, Ayesha Baig, Mohammad Maroof Shah, Safee Ullah Chaudhary, Bruce Osborne, Raza Ahmad
Summary: The study demonstrates the potential of introducing cyanobacterial pathway genes to enhance photosynthesis and biomass accumulation in plants. Upregulation of genes related to different pathways provides evidence of the underlying mechanisms, particularly in plants with introduced glycolate decarboxylation pathway gene.
Review
Microbiology
Clair A. Huffine, Runyu Zhao, Yinjie J. Tang, Jeffrey C. Cameron
Summary: Many carbon-fixing organisms have evolved CO2 concentrating mechanisms to optimize CO2 delivery and minimize reactions with O-2. The cyanobacterial CCM, featuring a microcompartment called carboxysome, enhances CO2 concentration around RuBisCO and promotes efficient ambient CO2 fixation. The dynamic carboxysome life cycle creates a subcellular environment that supports the Calvin-Benson cycle.
ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Yue Xi, Jiajia Cai, Ganting Li, Haijian Huang, Xinxiang Peng, Guohui Zhu
Summary: The concentration of CO2 has significant effects on plant biological processes, especially the ratio of photosynthesis to photorespiration. Previous studies have shown that high CO2 levels can promote carbon fixation and reduce oxidative damage in plants. However, the impact of high CO2 on fatty acid metabolism and cellular redox balance in FA-deficient plants remains unclear.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Amanda P. Cavanagh, Paul F. South, Carl J. Bernacchi, Donald R. Ort
Summary: This study investigated the effects of introducing an alternative photorespiratory pathway on tobacco plants grown under higher temperature conditions. The engineered plants exhibited higher photosynthetic efficiency and produced more biomass under heated conditions, leading to a reduction in yield losses compared to non-engineered plants.
PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
(2022)
Review
Plant Sciences
Kaining Jin, Guoxin Chen, Yirong Yang, Zhiguo Zhang, Tiegang Lu
Summary: This review summarizes the strategies for improving C-3 photosynthesis, including enhancing Rubisco properties and reducing photorespiratory limitations. It also discusses the potential of synthetic biology approaches in constructing photorespiratory bypasses. These strategies have the potential to enhance C-3 photosynthesis and boost crop production.
PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Billur Celebi-Ergin, Richard C. C. Zimmerman, Victoria J. J. Hill
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the role of photorespiration and alternative photoprotection mechanisms in marine plants in response to ocean acidification. It found that under high CO2 conditions, photorespiration decreased while non-photochemical quenching increased. Environmental conditions and CO2 concentration also impacted the photosynthesis and respiration of the plants.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Lucia Arce Cubas, Richard L. Vath, Emmanuel L. Bernardo, Cristina Rodrigues Gabriel Sales, Angela C. Burnett, Johannes Kromdijk
Summary: Despite their importance, C-4 species are still understudied compared to C-3 species. In this study, the differences in photosynthetic induction responses between C-4 and C-3 species were characterized in three phylogenetically linked pairs of Alloteropsis, Flaveria, and Cleome genera. The results showed that C-4 species have slower activation of CO2 assimilation during photosynthetic induction than C-3 species, but the mechanism behind these differences varied between different genera.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Galal Khamis, Ahmed Mohamed Reyad, Emad A. Alsherif, Mahmoud M. Y. Madany, Shereen Magdy Korany, Han Asard, Hamada Abdelgawad
Summary: This study investigated the effects of high antimony concentrations on wheat growth, physiology, and biochemistry, as well as evaluated soil microbes. The results showed that antimony uptake significantly decreased wheat growth by inhibiting photosynthesis and enzyme activity. Antimony also affected soil microbial count and the levels of phenolics and organic acids in the soil. The study found that eCO(2) conditions mitigated the harmful effects of antimony on growth and improved photosynthesis and enzyme activity. To reduce antimony uptake and improve mineral availability, there was an increase in phenolic and organic acid levels in the soil.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Menglin Shi, Lei Zhao, Yong Wang
Summary: Photorespiration in Chlamydomonas is more complex than previously thought, with multiple candidate genes encoding hydroxypyruvate reductases identified. These proteins play crucial roles in photorespiration, with different functions in mitochondria and chloroplasts. The findings provide a valuable knowledge base for further studies on the functions of CrHPRs in photorespiration, with potential applications in crop improvement through genetic engineering.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Ginga Shimakawa, Hitomi Hanawa, Shinya Wada, Guy T. Hanke, Yusuke Matsuda, Chikahiro Miyake
Summary: Research on the physiological roles of FLV and photorespiration for P700 oxidation in the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha showed that under conditions of FLV deficiency, photorespiration functions as an electron sink, but FLV remains the dominant factor for P700 oxidation in M. polymorpha.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zi Wang, Yetao Wang, Yukun Wang, Haotian Li, Zhiting Wen, Xin Hou
Summary: High light intensity can induce the expression of HPR1, which is essential for maintaining the dynamic balance of ROS and photorespiration. The absence of HPR1 affects plant growth and photosynthetic capacity under high light intensity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sayed Ahmed, Amira S. Mahmoud, Eslam Farg, Amany M. Mohamed, Marwa S. Moustafa, Khaled Abutaleb, Ahmed M. Saleh, Mohamed A. E. AbdelRahman, Hisham M. AbdelSalam, Sayed M. Arafat
Summary: The agriculture sector in Egypt faces multiple problems related to climate change, water storage, and yield variability. Big Data (BD) has the potential to address the uncertainty in food supply caused by factors such as soil erosion, water pollution, climate change, socio-cultural growth, governmental regulations, and market fluctuations. This paper proposes an ensemble learning and big data schema approach, built upon Apache Spark, to improve crop classification performance at a large scale. The proposed approach achieved significant improvements in various metrics, confirming its generalization in crop identification at a large scale.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ahmed M. Saleh, Walid M. Abu El-Soud, Modhi O. Alotaibi, Gerrit T. S. Beemster, Afrah E. Mohammed, Hamada AbdElgawad
Summary: The application of chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) can enhance the symbiosis between arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi (AMF) and wheat, leading to improved growth, physiology, and metabolism in the plant. CSNPs treatment increased AMF colonization, auxin and strigolactone levels, and flavonoid exudation in the roots. This, in turn, resulted in higher plant biomass production, photosynthetic rate, and accumulation of health promoting compounds.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Doaa Ebada, Hefnawy T. Hefnawy, Ayman Gomaa, Amira M. Alghamdi, Asmaa Ali Alharbi, Mohammed S. Almuhayawi, Mohanned Talal Alharbi, Ahmed Awad, Soad K. Al Jaouni, Samy Selim, Gehad S. Eldeeb, Mohammad Namir
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the antioxidant, anticancer, and antibacterial activities of Delonix regia, and evaluate its safety as a natural colorant and sweetener compared to synthetic ones in rats, as well as the sensory evaluation of beverages containing Delonix regia. The Delonix regia extract exhibited high levels of protein, polysaccharides, and various minerals. It showed strong antioxidant and antibacterial activities, inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria and pancreatic cancer cells. Rats fed with beverages containing Delonix regia extract showed improved liver and kidney markers and enhanced color and taste. Therefore, adding Delonix regia extract as a natural colorant and sweetener in food formulation is recommended for health and environmental benefits.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Rania A. El-Farrash, Rania I. H. Ismail, Mohamed S. El-Sheimy, Ahmed M. Saleh, Ghada A. Saleh
Summary: This study aimed to investigate whether enteral administration of simulated amniotic fluid (SAF) would improve feeding tolerance in very low birthweight (VLBW) neonates. The results showed that the SAF group had significantly increased volume and calories of enteral feeds on days 3 and 7 compared to the placebo group. There were no statistical differences between the two groups in terms of feeding intolerance, necrotizing enterocolitis, mortality, length of stay, or weight gain on day 10.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Heba M. Salem, Ahmed M. Saad, Soliman M. Soliman, Samy Selim, Walid F. A. Mosa, Ahmed Ezzat Ahmed, Soad K. Al Jaouni, Mohammed S. Almuhayawi, Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack, Khaled A. El-Tarabily, Mohamed T. El-Saadony
Summary: The avian digestive tract is important for converting ingested food into nutrients and maintaining bird health and productivity. Natural feed additives are being used to enhance avian development and intestinal health. This review examines how exogenous enzymes, organic acids, photogenic products, and other additives can improve the performance of the avian digestive tract.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hamada AbdElgawad, Pooja Negi, Gaurav Zinta, Afrah E. Mohammed, Modhi O. Alotaibi, Gerrit Beemster, Ahmed M. Saleh, Ashish Kumar Srivastava
Summary: In this study, the combination of thiourea (TU) and Actinobacteria (Act) was evaluated as a low-cost approach for reducing arsenic (As) toxicity in rice. ThioAC treatment stabilized photosynthetic performance and improved root lignin levels. ThioAC also activated enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems, resulting in improved antioxidant defense against As stress.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Mohanned Talal Alharbi, Mohammed S. Almuhayawi, Mohammed K. Nagshabandi, Muyassar K. Tarabulsi, Mohammed H. Alruhaili, Hattan S. Gattan, Soad K. Al Jaouni, Samy Selim, Awadh Alanazi, Yasir Alruwaili, Shaimaa Mohamed Zaied, Osama Ahmed Faried
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKp) among hospital-acquired K. pneumoniae infections in the ICU and compare the differences in antimicrobial resistance pattern, virulence, and molecular characteristics between hvKp and classical K. pneumoniae (cKP). The study found that hvKp accounted for 15.8% of K. pneumoniae isolates in the ICU, and it exhibited higher mucoviscosity, lower antimicrobial resistance, stronger biofilm formation, and significant associations with specific virulence-associated genes. This suggests that hvKp poses a greater risk of severe and life-threatening infections in ICU patients.
Article
Agronomy
Mha Albqmi, Mohammad Yaghoubi Khanghahi, Samy Selim, Mohammad M. Al-Sanea, Taghreed S. Alnusaire, Mohammed S. Almuhayawi, Soad K. Al Jaouni, Shaimaa Hussein, Mona Warrad, Hamada AbdElgawad
Summary: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the improvement in soybean plants' tolerance against vanadium-induced stress through the application of olive solid waste (OSW) and selenium nanoparticles (Se-NPs). The results of a pot experiment showed that the combined treatment of Se-NPs + OSW had positive effects on enhancing plant stress tolerance. This was achieved through improvements in photosynthetic parameters, metabolic pathways, non-enzymatic antioxidant metabolites, antioxidant enzymes, and biochemical components, resulting in increased plant biomass.
Article
Polymer Science
Niamat Ullah, Adnan Amin, Arshad Farid, Samy Selim, Sheikh Abdur Rashid, Muhammad Imran Aziz, Sairah Hafeez Kamran, Muzammil Ahmad Khan, Nauman Rahim Khan, Saima Mashal, Muhammad Mohtasheemul Hasan
Summary: This study aimed to develop a nanoemulsion gel for oral bacterial infections based on essential oils. Clove and cinnamon essential oils were used to prepare and characterize the gel. The optimized formulation showed significant antibacterial and antifungal activities.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Ahlem Zrig, Abdelrahim H. A. Hassan, Shereen Magdy Korany, Emad A. Alsherif, Samy Selim, Ali El-Keblawy, Ahmed M. El-Sawah, Mohamed S. Sheteiwy, Zainul Abideen, Hamada Abdelgawad
Summary: This study found that the priming effect of carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) can enhance the growth and metabolite quality of amaranth sprouts. Under the appropriate salinity, CNPs can increase biomass accumulation, photosynthetic pigment levels, and the accumulation of primary and secondary metabolites. These metabolites can contribute to the enhancement of antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, thereby improving the nutritional quality of amaranth sprouts.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Mohammed S. Almuhayawi, Hattan S. Gattan, Mohammed H. Alruhaili, Mohanned Talal Alharbi, Mohammed K. Nagshabandi, Muyassar K. Tarabulsi, Saad M. Almuhayawi, Soad K. Al Jaouni, Samy Selim, Awadh Alanazi, Yasir Alruwaili, Osama Ahmed Faried, Islam Amin, Mohamed E. Elnosary
Summary: This study examined 58 patients with various types of ear infections in Sakaka, Al Jouf, Saudi Arabia and found that the most common bacteria causing ear infections were Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. All the bacteria strains isolated were found to have antibiotic resistance plasmids. The study concluded that vancomycin, linezolid, tigecycline, rifampin, and daptomycin are effective antibiotics against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa.
INFECTION AND DRUG RESISTANCE
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Mohammed S. Almuhayawi, Mohammed H. Alruhaili, Hattan S. Gattan, Mohanned Talal Alharbi, Mohammed Nagshabandi, Soad Al Jaouni, Samy Selim, Awadh Alanazi, Yasir Alruwaili, Osama Ahmed Faried, Mohamed E. Elnosary
Summary: This research aimed to investigate the incidence of MRSA and VRSA in wound samples from Saudi Arabian hospitals and their antimicrobial susceptibility. The study found a high occurrence of MRSA in wounds, with linezolid and rifampin showing good in vitro antibacterial activity.
INFECTION AND DRUG RESISTANCE
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Hanaa E. A. Amer, Hamada Abdelgawad, Mahmoud M. Y. Madany, Ahmed M. A. Khalil, Ahmed M. Saleh
Summary: This study investigated the effects of europium (Eu) on the growth, photosynthesis, and redox homeostasis in barley, and how these effects can be influenced by future CO2 climate. The results showed that soil application of Eu led to its accumulation in plant shoots and significantly reduced biomass and photosynthesis-related parameters. Additionally, Eu induced oxidative stress and lowered ASC/DHA and GSH/GSSG ratios. Interestingly, elevated CO2 levels mitigated the adverse effects of Eu by supporting antioxidant defense mechanisms and enhancing metal detoxification capacity.
Article
Horticulture
Samy Selim, Ahlem Zrig, Mha Albqmi, Mohammad M. Al-Sanea, Taghreed S. Alnusaire, Mohammed S. Almuhayawi, Soad K. Al Jaouni, Shaimaa Hussein, Mona Warrad, Hamada Abdelgawad
Summary: This study investigated the potential role of benzylaminopurine (BAP) in improving the tissue chemical composition and bioactivity of olive sprouts. The results showed that BAP priming enhanced biomass accumulation, photosynthetic pigments, lipid composition, and antioxidant levels in olive varieties, especially in Coratina variety. The findings suggest that BAP-primed olive sprouts could enhance their nutritional value and can be used as a food ingredient and additive.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Samy Selim, Mha Albqmi, Awadh Alanazi, Yasir Alruwaili, Mohammad M. Al-Sanea, Taghreed S. Alnusaire, Mohammed S. Almuhayawi, Soad K. Al Jaouni, Shaimaa Hussein, Mona Warrad, Hamada AbdElgawad, Naglaa Elshafey, Mohamed E. Elnosary
Summary: A study has found that two compounds, apigenin and taxifolin, found in olive oil, have moderate antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2, making them potential sources for new antiviral drugs.
COGENT FOOD & AGRICULTURE
(2023)