Mechanism of carbon tetrachloride reduction in ferrous ion activated calcium peroxide system in the presence of methanol

This study investigated the reductive initiation for the depletion of highly oxidized/perhalogenated pollutants, specifically the degradation of carbon tetrachloride (CT) was induced by adding methanol (MeOH) into a ferrous ion (Fe(II)) activated calcium peroxide (CaO2) system. The results indicated that CT could be completely degraded within 20 min at CaO2/Fe(II)/MeOH/CT molar ratio of 30/40/10/1 in this system. Scavenging tests suggested that both superoxide radical anion (O-2(center dot-)) and carbon dioxide radical anion (CO2 center dot-) were predominant reactive species responsible for CT destruction. Hydroxymethyl radicals (center dot CH2OH), an intermediate in the transformation of MeOH, could also initiate CT degradation by reducing C-Cl bond. GC/MS analysis identified CHCl3, C2Cl4, and C2Cl6 as the intermediates accompanied by CT destruction, and a reduction mechanism for CT degradation was proposed accordingly. In addition, the impact of solution matrix and initial solution pH were evaluated, and the results showed that Cl-, NO3-, and HCO3- had adverse effects on CT degradation. Moreover, the alkaline condition was unfavorable to CT depletion. In conclusion, the results obtained in the actual groundwater tests encouragingly demonstrated that the CaO2/Fe(II)/MeOH process is a highly promising technique for the remediation of CT-contaminated groundwater.