Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rui Lima, Andreia Monteiro, Antonio J. Salgado, Susana Monteiro, Nuno A. Silva
Summary: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a debilitating condition that lacks effective treatment options. Recent research has uncovered the complex mechanisms involved in SCI, leading to the development of new therapeutic approaches.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Xuanxuan Zhang, Wenwei Jiang, Yan Lu, Tiantian Mao, Yu Gu, Dingyue Ju, Chuanming Dong
Summary: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a serious and disabling disease that often leads to sensory and motor dysfunction, accompanied by various secondary outcomes. The main treatments for SCI include surgery, drugs, and rehabilitation. Cell therapy and exosomes have shown promise in treating SCI, but the therapeutic effect is still controversial. Combining biomaterial scaffolds and exosomes can enhance their delivery to the injury site and improve their viability.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bogdan Costachescu, Adelina-Gabriela Niculescu, Marius Gabriel Dabija, Raluca Ioana Teleanu, Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu, Lucian Eva
Summary: This review focuses on the recent advancements in the treatment and repair of spinal cord injuries, including the use of nanocarriers, biomolecules, cell therapies, and biomaterial scaffolds.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Erik Leemhuis, Francesca Favieri, Giuseppe Forte, Mariella Pazzaglia
Summary: This review article provides an overview of the latest interventions for the treatment of spinal cord injury (SCI), including rehabilitation, neuromodulation, and virtual reality applications. Combining existing resources has the potential to improve the short to medium-term living conditions of patients.
Review
Neurosciences
Wenwei Jiang, Xuanxuan Zhang, Shumin Yu, Fangsu Yan, Jiaxi Chen, Jinyi Liu, Chuanming Dong
Summary: Functional limitation caused by spinal cord injury (SCI) imposes significant clinical and economic burden. Regenerative biomaterials can create an optimal microenvironment at the site of SCI, promoting neurogenesis, axonal development, and angiogenesis. Decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) serves as a suitable scaffold for tissue engineering due to its good biocompatibility. However, there are still challenges to be addressed, such as obtaining materials for large-scale use, standardized production mode, the impact of decellularization on the properties of dECM, and the synergistic effect of dECM and cells.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andrea Bighinati, Zahra Khalajzeyqami, Vito Antonio Baldassarro, Luca Lorenzini, Maura Cescatti, Marzia Moretti, Luciana Giardino, Laura Calza
Summary: This study investigated the expression profile of ECM-related genes in spinal cord injury and found asymmetric gene expression induced by injury, with key genes such as Timp1 and Cd44 identified as hub genes using bioinformatic approaches. Results indicated that ECM regulation also occurs outside of the lesion area in spinal cord injury.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Jun Zhou, Yaqi Wu, Zhijian Tang, Kaipeng Zou, Juan Chen, Zuowei Lei, Xueyan Wan, Yanchao Liu, Huaqiu Zhang, Yu Wang, Armin Blesch, Ting Lei, Shengwen Liu
Summary: Studies have shown that alginate capillary hydrogels can fill the lesion cavity and promote axonal regeneration after grafting into the injured spinal cord. Neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) can survive, proliferate, and differentiate into neurons within the capillaries in vitro. In animal experiments, a portion of the grafted cells can survive and differentiate into neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. Furthermore, the grafted cells can promote the growth of host axons, form putative synapses with host neurons, improve electrophysiological conductivity, and partially restore locomotor function.
REGENERATIVE BIOMATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Wenjie Zhong, Dongjie Shi, Junjie Zhou, Yaying Yang, Bochu Wang, Xiaochuan Sun, Qian Shu, Wenfeng Li, Yongzhi Xia, Lei Ao, KangLin Xiong, Shilei Hao, Haijian Xia
Summary: This study explores the anti-inflammatory activity of 17 types of human hair keratins and finds that keratin 33A and 35 have superior anti-inflammatory effects. The in vivo experiments using a rat spinal cord injury model confirm the outstanding performance of recombinant keratin 33A nanofiber in promoting nerve regeneration and improving locomotor function recovery.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Wenhua He, Xuanxuan Zhang, Xiangzhe Li, Dingyue Ju, Tiantian Mao, Yan Lu, Yu Gu, Longju Qi, Qinghua Wang, Qinfeng Wu, Chuanming Dong
Summary: This study constructed a novel composite scaffold consisting of decellularized spinal cord extracellular matrix-gel (DSCG) and GelMA hydrogel, which effectively promoted motor function recovery and neuronal differentiation, reduced inflammation, and inhibited reactive astrocyte proliferation in rats with spinal cord injury.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY B
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Jie Chang, Zhanyang Qian, Binyu Wang, Jiang Cao, Sheng Zhang, Fan Jiang, Renyi Kong, Xiao Yu, Xiaojian Cao, Lei Yang, Hongtao Chen
Summary: This study compared the recovery after spinal cord injury (SCI) following the transplantation of A1 or A2 astrocytes. A1 astrocytes were harmful and upregulated neurotoxic genes, while A2 astrocytes were neuroprotective and upregulated the production of neurotrophic factors. Transplantation of A2 astrocytes significantly improved motor function recovery, reduced glial scar deposition, increased neurofilament formation, and showed potential therapeutic effects for SCI.
CELL COMMUNICATION AND SIGNALING
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yiyoung Kim, Eun Ji Roh, Hari Prasad Joshi, Hae Eun Shin, Hyemin Choi, Su Yeon Kwon, Seil Sohn, Inbo Han
Summary: BZA has shown neuroprotection and remyelination effects in central nervous system injuries. Research demonstrated that BZA could suppress inflammatory response, promote oligodendrocyte precursor cell differentiation, and reduce blood-spinal cord barrier disruption. BZA also improved locomotor recovery in rats with spinal cord injury.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hye-Lan Lee, Chung-Eun Yeum, HyeYeong Lee, Jinsoo Oh, Jong-Tae Kim, Won-Jin Lee, Yoon Ha, Young-Il Yang, Keung-Nyun Kim
Summary: Stem cell therapy holds promise for spinal cord injury treatment, with novel Peripheral Nerve-derived Stem Cells (PNSCs) showing potential for multilineage differentiation and therapeutic effects through neurotrophic factor release. PNSCs developed into spheroids exhibit enhanced ability to release neurotrophic factors, leading to functional recovery and neuronal regeneration in an animal SCI model.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Chun Yao, Xin Tang, Yuqi Cao, Xuhua Wang, Bin Yu
Summary: Spinal cord injury is a devastating event that disrupts the neuronal circuits between the brain and body, resulting in functional deficits. Recent progress in SCI repair, based on the lesion microenvironment, neural circuits, and biomaterial scaffolds, has provided new insights for potential therapeutic treatments. The use of targeted-microRNA therapy, blood vessel interventions, and multiple treatment combinations are highlighted as important directions for future research.
Review
Pediatrics
Natalia S. C. Cunha, Anahita Malvea, Sarah Sadat, George M. Ibrahim, Michael G. Fehlings
Summary: This review provides a concise overview of key aspects related to spinal cord injuries (SCIs) in children. It covers the etiology, epidemiology, unique challenges, clinical presentation, diagnostic methods, multidisciplinary management, emerging research, and innovative therapies of pediatric SCIs. The need for continued advancements in understanding and treating SCIs in children to improve their functional independence and overall quality of life is emphasized.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Weiquan Gong, Tianhui Zhang, Mingxue Che, Yongjie Wang, Chuanyu He, Lidi Liu, Zhenshan Lv, Chunsheng Xiao, Hao Wang, Shaokun Zhang
Summary: Spinal cord injuries (SCIs) are devastating, leading to permanent loss of nerve function and paralysis. Current clinical treatments have limitations, and nanomaterials offer new possibilities for SCI treatment. Nanomaterials can improve the microenvironment of traumatic injury, promote neuron regeneration, optimize drug effects, and enhance gene delivery efficiency. This review provides new perspectives for future clinical therapies.
MATERIALS TODAY BIO
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Jesslyn K. E. Tan, P. Balan, N. Birbilis, G. Manivasagam
Summary: A new synthesis approach was developed for the electrodeposition of Mg-Fe layered double hydroxide (LDH) film on oxidised magnesium alloy WE43 surface. The Mg(OH)(2) surface layer altered the morphology of LDH film, resulting in structured LDH nanoplates. The Mg-Fe LDH film exhibited improved corrosion resistance and impedance performance.
JOURNAL OF THE TAIWAN INSTITUTE OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERS
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Srijan Acharya, Vasanth Gopal, Saurabh Kumar Gupta, Sagar Nilawar, Geetha Manivasagam, Satyam Suwas, Kaushik Chatterjee
Summary: This study investigates the effect of build orientation on the mechanical and functional properties of a selective laser melted Co-Cr alloy. The research finds that the grain size and morphology contribute to anisotropy in tensile properties, and anisotropic wear rate is observed in bio-tribocorrosion studies. Osteoblast attachment and proliferation are also influenced by grain size.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jithin Vishnu, A. R. Ansheed, Pearlin Hameed, K. Praveenkumar, Stefan Pilz, Ludovico Andrea Alberta, Sathya Swaroop, Mariana Calin, Annett Gebert, Geetha Manivasagam
Summary: This study investigates the effect of varying laser-peening fluences on the surface characteristics of a Ti22Nb alloy, revealing that higher fluences result in improved wear resistance and biocompatibility.
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
K. Praveenkumar, S. Swaroop, Geetha Manivasagam
Summary: In this study, laser peening without protective coating was performed on stainless steel to investigate the effects on residual stress distribution, work hardening, surface roughness, phase transformation, and wettability. The results showed that multiple peening passes led to higher compressive residual stress, deeper work hardening depth, smaller grain size, and a transformation from hydrophilic to hydrophobic behavior.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jithin Vishnu, Geetha Manivasagam, Nageswara Rao, H. J. Rack
Summary: The study demonstrated that low temperature aging can improve the fatigue resistance of Ti-35Nb-7Zr-5Ta-0.35O alloy, attributed to the formation of nanoscale omega precipitates. Conversely, high temperature aging resulted in inferior fatigue performance and reduced corrosion resistance.
MATERIALS TODAY COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
K. Praveenkumar, S. Swaroop, Geetha Manivasagam
Summary: The present study investigates the effects of laser peening without coating on the fatigue and fretting wear behavior of AISI 304 alloy. Laser peening treatment increases the compressive residual stress, microhardness, and refines the grain size of the alloy, resulting in improved fatigue and fretting wear resistance.
SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Pearlin Amaan Khan, Aravind Kumar Thoutam, Vasanth Gopal, Aswin Gurumallesh, Shrikant Joshi, Arunkumar Palaniappan, Nicolaie Markocsan, Geetha Manivasagam
Summary: Axial suspension plasma spraying (ASPS) is an alternative technique to atmospheric plasma spraying (APS) that uses a suspension of finer powders as the feedstock. This paper investigates the impact of incorporated graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) on the behavior of ASPS hydroxyapatite (HAp) coatings. The study characterizes the coatings using various techniques and evaluates their mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and gene expression changes.
BIOENGINEERING-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Pramote Thirathipviwat, Yusuke Onuki, Jithin Vishnu, Praveenkumar Kesavan, Ansheed Raheem, Geetha Manivasagam, Karthik Shankar, Makoto Hasegawa, Shigeo Sato
Summary: A newly developed single BCC phase 30Nb5Ta30Ti15V20Zr refractory high entropy alloy (RHEA) has been designed for low density, high mechanical properties, and superior fretting wear resistance. In this study, the fretting wear resistance of 30Nb5Ta30Ti15V20Zr is compared with Ti6Al4V alloy, and it is found that 30Nb5Ta30Ti15V20Zr demonstrates better fretting wear resistance with low friction coefficient and wear loss. The phase constituent, crystal structure, and mutual interaction of complex composition in 30Nb5Ta30Ti15V20Zr contribute to improving the fretting wear resistance. The superior fretting wear resistance increases the candidacy potential of 30Nb5Ta30Ti15V20Zr RHEA for structural applications, especially under fretting conditions.
Article
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
K. Praveenkumar, S. Sudhagara Rajan, S. Swaroop, Geetha Manivasagam
Summary: Laser shock peening (LSP) is an effective surface modification technique to enhance the properties of metallic materials. This paper reviews recent research on the application of LSP in improving surface characteristics and addressing service challenges in aeroengine materials. It also provides an overview of LSP and its controlling parameters. Challenges and future aspects for improving LSP application and commercialization in the aeroengine industry are discussed based on the authors' experience and published literature.
SURFACE ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
V. Govind, Kumar K. Praveen, RVaira Vignesh, Ajan Vishnu, Jithin Vishnu, Geetha Manivasagam, Karthik V. Shankar
Summary: This study investigates the effect of solutionizing time on the fretting wear behavior of Al-Si-Mg-Ni hypoeutectic alloy. The results show that the microstructural aspects and grain size of the alloy change significantly with varying solutionizing time, leading to improved wear resistance, reduced friction coefficient, and smaller wear scar size.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Beata Kaczmarek-Szczepanska, Lidia Zasada, Marta Michalska-Sionkowska, Jithin Vishnu, Geetha Manivasagam
Summary: Titanium is widely used in implantology due to its reduced modulus, improved corrosion resistance, and good biocompatibility. However, it lacks inherent antibacterial and antioxidant activity. Tannic acid, a natural polyphenol compound, has excellent antibacterial, antioxidant, and antimutagenic activity. Coating the titanium surface with tannic acid shows potential for reducing risks in implant applications and increasing implant longevity. This study deposited tannic acid on titanium surfaces, resulting in slightly improved hydrophilicity and surface energy. The release kinetics of tannic acid from the surface showed an initial burst effect followed by a gradual decrease over time. Hemolysis tests confirmed the erythrocyte compatibility of the coated surfaces. The improved hydrophilicity, release kinetics of tannic acid, and reduced hemolysis rates demonstrate the potential of this simple technique in implant surface engineering applications.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
C. Uva Narayanan, P. Suya Prem Anand, Geetha Manivasagam, V Ezhilmaran
Summary: The formation of micro-motion between the metallic plate and screw used for bone fixation in biomedical applications can cause health risks to patients due to leaching ion elements. Polylactic acid is favored as a replacement for metal alloys in temporary implants, but its low mechanical properties make it less preferred as a fixation device. To improve the mechanical properties, polylactic acid was printed using FDM technique in both horizontal and vertical orientations. The post-heat-treated horizontal sample B2 showed a higher compression yield strength and a lower coefficient of friction, making it more suitable for bone fixation.
ADVANCES IN MATERIALS AND PROCESSING TECHNOLOGIES
(2023)
Article
Optics
K. Praveenkumar, S. Swaroop, Geetha Manivasagam
Summary: The effect of laser peening without coating (LPwC) on the tribological behavior of Ti-6Al-4 V alloy at ambient and elevated temperatures was investigated. The results showed that after peening, the samples had maximum compressive residual stress and increased hardness. Additionally, the LPwC samples exhibited a decrease in average grain size and an increase in low-angle grain boundaries compared to the unpeened samples. The wear mechanisms of the LPwC samples were milder than those of the unpeened samples, resulting in reduced wear volume loss.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Srijan Acharya, Vasanth Gopal, Saurabh Kumar Gupta, Sagar Nilawar, Geetha Manivasagam, Satyam Suwas, Kaushik Chatterjee
Summary: Selective laser melting can produce biomedical alloys with complex geometry and tailored properties for orthopedic implants. However, the build orientation can lead to anisotropy in mechanical properties and wear rate. This study provides insights into the role of manufacturing parameters and potential applications for load-bearing orthopedic implants.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Ruban Whenish, Seeram Ramakrishna, Amit Kumar Jaiswal, Geetha Manivasagam
BIO-DESIGN AND MANUFACTURING
(2022)
