Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Antonino Glaviano, Aaron S. C. Foo, Hiu Y. Lam, Kenneth C. H. Yap, William Jacot, Robert H. Jones, Huiyan Eng, Madhumathy G. Nair, Pooyan Makvandi, Birgit Geoerger, Matthew H. Kulke, Richard D. Baird, Jyothi S. Prabhu, Daniela Carbone, Camilla Pecoraro, Daniel B. L. Teh, Gautam Sethi, Vincenzo Cavalieri, Kevin H. Lin, Nathalie R. Javidi-Sharifi, Eneda Toska, Matthew S. Davids, Jennifer R. Brown, Patrizia Diana, Justin Stebbing, David A. Fruman, Alan P. Kumar
Summary: The PI3K/AKT/mTOR (PAM) signaling pathway plays a crucial role in cell survival, growth, and cell cycle progression. Dysregulation of this pathway is associated with cancer development and resistance to therapy. This review focuses on the major dysregulations in the PAM signaling pathway in cancer and discusses strategies for overcoming treatment resistance. The role of PAM signaling in immunology and immunotherapies is also discussed.
Article
Oncology
Le Yu, Jessica Wei, Pengda Liu
Summary: This article reviews the mechanisms leading to the hyperactivation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling in cancer and summarizes the efforts in developing PI3K/Akt/mTOR inhibitors as monotherapy or combination therapy in different cancer settings. Targeting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway through the development of new agents, drug delivery systems, or combination regimens provides insights into possible future directions for targeted therapeutic regimen and effective patient stratification strategy to improve clinical outcomes for cancer patients with deregulated PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling.
SEMINARS IN CANCER BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Eyleen Corrales, Ella Levit-Zerdoun, Patrick Metzger, Ralf Mertes, Ariane Lehmann, Julia Munch, Steffen Lemke, Silke Kowar, Melanie Boerries
Summary: This study comprehensively characterized a panel of patient-derived BRAFV600E positive melanoma cell lines and found that a decrease in sensitivity to MAPK/ERK pathway inhibition corresponded with increased migratory potential and the acquisition of stem cell-like properties. Additionally, it was discovered that increased activity of the PI3K/AKT pathway lead to a decreased dependency on MAPK/ERK signaling in melanoma cells.
CELL COMMUNICATION AND SIGNALING
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Motahareh Mortazavi, Fatemeh Moosavi, Miriam Martini, Elisa Giovannetti, Omidreza Firuzi
Summary: This study highlights the role of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, but clinical studies have not been promising. Patient stratification is identified as a crucial factor.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ONCOLOGY HEMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Xiang-Yu Meng, Hui-Zhi Zhang, Yi-Yue Ren, Ke-Jie Wang, Jun-Feng Chen, Rui Su, Jun-Hui Jiang, Ping Wang, Qi Ma
Summary: PNN was found to be upregulated in prostate cancer tissues and play a crucial role in promoting cell growth, invasion, and migration through the activation of CREB. The effects of PNN on prostate cancer cells were mediated by the PI3K/AKT and ERK/MAPK pathways, indicating that PNN could be a potential therapeutic target for prostate cancer treatment.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhaozhou Ren, Wan'an Xiao, Ming He, Lunhao Bai
Summary: This study reveals that chitosan binds with the PI3K p85 subunit to suppress the activity of the PI3K/Akt pathway, upregulating the expression of FAM172A, and exerting its inhibitory effect on osteosarcoma growth by suppressing the phosphorylation of MEK1/2 and blocking the activity of the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway.
CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Wojciech Wiese, Julia Barczuk, Olga Racinska, Natalia Siwecka, Wioletta Rozpedek-Kaminska, Artur Slupianek, Radoslaw Sierpinski, Ireneusz Majsterek
Summary: The PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway is crucial in cancer development and can be a potential therapeutic target for leukemia. Recent research indicates that inhibition of this pathway may lead to improved treatment outcomes for leukemia.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Caridad Galindo-Romero, Beatriz Vidal-Villegas, Javier Asis-Martinez, Fernando Lucas-Ruiz, Alejandro Gallego-Ortega, Manuel Vidal-Sanz
Summary: The study found that phosphorylation and increased levels of AKT and MAPK in MCs and RGCs after DHF treatment may be responsible for the increased and long-lasting RGC protection after IONT.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Maria Sofia Basile, Eugenio Cavalli, James McCubrey, Jorge Hernandez-Bello, Jose Francisco Munoz-Valle, Paolo Fagone, Ferdinando Nicoletti
Summary: This review examines the involvement of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in COVID-19 and discusses the potential use of specific inhibitors of this pathway for treating the disease.
DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Kunrui Zhu, Yanqi Wu, Ping He, Yu Fan, Xiaorong Zhong, Hong Zheng, Ting Luo
Summary: Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (PKB/AKT) and mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) (PAM) pathways play important roles in breast tumorigenesis and offer potential targets for cancer therapy.
Article
Pediatrics
Shaomin Su, Peicen Zou, Guangran Yang, Yajuan Wang, Lei Liu, Ying Liu, Jinjing Zhang, Yijun Ding
Summary: Propranolol alleviates retinopathy of prematurity by downregulating HIF-1α through the PI3K/Akt/ERK pathway, reducing abnormal vascular formation and leakage. This study elucidates the therapeutic mechanism of propranolol and provides a new approach for treating ROP.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Song Han, Peng-Fei Wang, Hong-Qing Cai, Jing-Hai Wan, Shou-Wei Li, Ze-Huan Lin, Chun-Jiang Yu, Chang-Xiang Yan
Summary: The study reveals a strong correlation between altered RTK/Ras/PI3K/AKT signaling and immunotherapy biomarkers in gliomas, suggesting that gliomas with changes in these pathways may be sensitive to immunotherapy. Combined treatment with small-molecule kinase inhibitors and immunotherapy is proposed for this subgroup of tumors with altered RTK/Ras/PI3K/AKT pathways.
Article
Polymer Science
Tahir Mehmood, Rath Pichyangkura, Chatchai Muanprasat
Summary: This study demonstrates that chitosan oligosaccharide can reduce the diarrhea induced by afatinib and regulate the tight junctions and chloride secretion in intestinal epithelial cells by activating AMPK. This study provides a promising natural polymer-derived compound for further development of treatment for afatinib-associated diarrhea.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Torki A. Zughaibi, Mohd Suhail, Mohammad Tarique, Shams Tabrez
Summary: Cancer is a leading cause of death globally, and current therapies often fail due to side effects, drug resistance, and limited accessibility. Studies have shown that flavonoids, found in herbal/plant sources, may act as complementary treatments for cancer patients with their broad biological properties and anticancer activity by affecting different signaling cascades.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hui Dang, Mengjun Sui, Qingyuan He, Jingyi Xie, Yan Liu, Peng Hou, Meiju Ji
Summary: This study shows that Pin1 inhibitor API-1 has strong antitumor activity against thyroid cancer and improves the sensitivity of BRAF-mutant thyroid cancer cells to BRAF inhibitor PLX4032. The combination therapy of API-1 and PLX4032 offers an alternative therapeutic strategy for BRAF-mutant thyroid cancers.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Xinru Zhou, Yin Jia, Chuanbin Mao, Shanrong Liu
Summary: Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), such as exosomes, have emerged as crucial targets for liquid biopsy and promising drug delivery vehicles in tumor progression. They can serve as biomarkers for tumor diagnosis and as drug carriers for cancer treatment.
Article
Oncology
Ruochan Chen, Ju Zhu, Xiao Zhong, Jie Li, Rui Kang, Daolin Tang
Summary: The interplay between autophagy and apoptosis plays a crucial role in tumorigenesis and cancer therapy, with HMGB1 serving as a key regulator in these processes.
Article
Oncology
Zongfu Pan, Xixuan Lu, Tong Xu, Jinming Chen, Lisha Bao, Ying Li, Yingying Gong, Yulu Che, Xiaozhou Zou, Zhuo Tan, Ping Huang, Minghua Ge
Summary: This study uncovered the emerging role of HN1 in promoting dedifferentiation of anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) cells. HN1 negatively regulated the thyroid differentiation markers and had an inhibitory effect on the transcriptional activation of CTCF, thereby influencing the chromatin accessibility of thyroid differentiation genes.
Article
Oncology
Yi Qin, Shengjun Xiong, Jun Ren, Gautam Sethi
Summary: Autophagy plays an important regulatory role in glioblastoma, and its dysregulation can lead to drug resistance and radioresistance. It also affects stem cell characteristics, overall growth, and metastasis. Therefore, autophagy is a promising target for glioblastoma therapy.
Article
Oncology
Katsuya Nagaoka, Xuewei Bai, Dan Liu, Kevin Cao, Joud Mulla, Chengcheng Ji, Hongze Chen, Muhammad Azhar Nisar, Amalia Bay, William Mueller, Grace Hildebrand, Jin-Song Gao, Shaolei Lu, Hiroko Setoyama, Yasuhito Tanaka, Jack R. Wands, Chiung-Kuei Huang
Summary: This study found that serum 2-OG levels in cholangiocarcinoma patients are associated with the effectiveness of chemotherapy. Patients with progressive disease showed significantly higher levels of serum 2-OG compared to stable disease and partial response patients. The study also revealed that overexpression of ASPH mimics the effects of 2-OG, and knockdown of ASPH improves chemotherapy. Targeting ASPH enhances the effects of chemotherapy by modulating ATM and ATR, two key regulators of DDRs.
