Study of Al2O3/copper-water nanoparticle shape, slip effects, and heat transfer on steady physiological delivery of MHD hybrid nanofluid

This paper contains the analytical investigation of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow of copper/Al2O3-water hybrid nanofluid with unstable peristaltic motion. Three different geometries (bricks, cylinder, and platelets) alongwith velocity and thermal slip conditions are studied in detail to reach the precise solution. Flow geometry of a non-uniform tube of finite length, experimental values of base fluid, and considered nanoparticles are taken into account to examine the theoretical investigation of formulated equations. Dimensionless control equations, which are subject to physically realistic boundary conditions, are closely studied to obtain precise results. The shape effects of nanoparticles on velocity, temperature distribution, and heat transfer on the length of the non-uniform tube with variation of the various flow parameters are discussed in a graphical description to understand the theoretical aspects to validate the medical analysis. The observations from the analysis state that copper/Al2O3-water carry maximum velocity for smaller values of slip parameter. Temperature distributions for heat absorption parameter are more significant as fluid flow accelerates when large values are chosen. Large values of therml slip parameter yield enhancement in pressure gradient and Cu-water nanofluid has higher impact than hybrid nanofluid. Platelet-shaped nanoparticles of hybrid nanofluid have more significant effect on pressure gradient than cylinder- and brick-shaped nanoparticles of Cu-water nanofluid. An intrinsic property of peristaltic transport (i.e., trapping) is also discussed. The trapped bolus decreases for platelets and cylinder-shaped nanoparticles, whereas, the size of the trapped bolus increases for brick-shaped nanoparticles. This model is applicable to a drug delivery system and to design the microperistaltic pump for transporting nanofluids.