Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Magaly Aceves-Martins, Naara L. Godina-Flores, Yareni Yunuen Gutierrez-Gomez, Derek Richards, Lizet Lopez-Cruz, Marcela Garcia-Botello, Carlos Francisco Moreno-Garcia
Summary: This study investigates the association between overweight/obesity and oral health in Mexican children and adolescents. The results show inconclusive evidence and variations based on sociodemographic factors and outcome measuring tools. Pooled estimates from meta-analysis suggest no statistically significant oral health differences among body mass index (BMI) categories, but a subset of studies indicates that children with higher BMI have worse oral health in permanent teeth.
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Rou Shi, Chunwen Lin, Shu Li, Linling Deng, Zhan Lin, Liangchang Xiu
Summary: This study evaluated the prevalence of obesity and dental caries among children and adolescents in Huizhou, revealing a negative association between obesity and dental caries. The research found that with increasing levels of BMI, the prevalence of dental caries decreased. Underweight has a positive effect on the occurrence of dental caries, while overweight or obesity has a negative impact.
Article
Pediatrics
Sojung Koh, Sangshin Park
Summary: This study found an association between higher concentrations of fluoride in water and low systolic blood pressure among adolescents, but not among children. The relationship between fluoride and blood pressure may be influenced by various biological processes.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Katarzyna Mackowiak-Lewandowicz, Danuta Ostalska-Nowicka, Jacek Zachwieja, Elzbieta Paszynska
Summary: The study revealed significant differences in oral health status between obese children and adolescents and healthy controls, with the former demonstrating untreated dental caries, less effective plaque control, and gingivitis. This suggests a potential link between obesity and susceptibility to inflammation, which may contribute to metabolic syndrome, kidney damage, and dental caries in the future.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Valeria Calcaterra, Virginia Rossi, Alessandra Mari, Francesca Casini, Francesco Bergamaschi, Gian Vincenzo Zuccotti, Valentina Fabiano
Summary: Obesity is a major health problem, especially in children and adolescents. Lifestyle modifications, such as diet and exercise, are the main approach for obesity prevention and treatment, but they often fail. Pharmacological treatment can be used in pediatric patients after multidisciplinary intervention failure, but only a limited number of drugs are approved for this population. Further research is needed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of new pharmacological approaches.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Danuta Ostalska-Nowicka, Elzbieta Paszynska, Monika Dmitrzak-Weglarz, Anna Neyman-Bartkowiak, Alina Rabiega, Jacek Zachwieja, Michal Nowicki
Summary: The study found that tooth decay may be an important factor in triggering hypertension in children and adolescents, especially when other secondary causes of arterial hypertension have been excluded. Uric acid concentration, salivary cortisol, and alpha-amylase levels were associated with hypertension, but only tooth decay was significantly associated with hypertension in both children and adolescents.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bahareh Nazemi Salman, Shayan Darvish, Ancuta Goriuc, Saeideh Mazloomzadeh, Maryam Hossein Poor Tehrani, Ionut Luchian
Summary: Salivary markers of oxidative stress are associated with clinical disease indices such as gingival bleeding and dental caries. The total antioxidant capacity (TAC) increased in patients with more gingival bleeding and decreased in adolescents with caries. Antioxidants could potentially be used as a preventive and therapeutic measure against oral diseases in the future.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Malgorzata Wojcik, Agnieszka Koziol-Kozakowska
Summary: The relationship between obesity, arterial hypertension, and excessive salt intake has long been known, but the specific mechanism remains unclear. Recent studies indicate that obese children and adolescents are particularly vulnerable to the development of salt-sensitive arterial hypertension. Specific dietary recommendations should be developed for overweight and obese patients.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Shan Cai, Jiajia Dang, Panliang Zhong, Ning Ma, Yunfei Liu, Di Shi, Zhiyong Zou, Yanhui Dong, Jun Ma, Yi Song
Summary: This study analyzed the sex differences in the prevalence of obesity phenotypes and their risk factors among children and adolescents in China. The results showed higher prevalence of obesity phenotypes in boys and identified various risk factors such as parental smoking, birth weight, and lifestyle factors. The findings highlight the importance of considering sex differences in managing obesity phenotypes.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Maneerat Puwanant, Ladda Mo-Suwan, Somchit Jaruratanasirikul, Wipa Jessadapakorn
Summary: This study aimed to generate sex-specific percentile curves for the percentage of body fat (PBF) in Thai children using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). The study found that the body fat percentiles for boys had different patterns compared to girls, with a decrease and then increase in the lower percentiles. Body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-height ratios were strongly correlated with PBF and fat mass in both sexes, providing additional metrics for evaluating obesity in Thai children.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Nella Polidori, Eleonora Agata Grasso, Francesco Chiarelli, Cosimo Giannini
Summary: The impaired plasmatic levels of BCAAs in obese children and adolescents are associated with obesity-related metabolic disorders, potentially through the activation of the mTORC1 complex causing insulin resistance, and the accumulation of toxic metabolites leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and damage to pancreatic cells. These compounds may help in the early identification of complications related to pediatric obesity, but further studies are needed.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Stella Stabouli, Serap Erdine, Lagle Suurorg, Augustina Jankauskiene, Empar Lurbe
Summary: Obesity, eating disorders, and unhealthy dieting practices among children and adolescents are concerning health issues due to their high prevalence and negative impacts on physical and psychosocial health. Research suggests that both obesity and eating disorders in pediatric populations can be managed or prevented with similar interventions, focusing on weight management and lifestyle changes. Various mechanisms and approaches exist to reduce the consequences of these conditions, with drug therapy and bariatric surgery reserved for extreme cases. Collaborative efforts across disciplines are essential for addressing health disparities and improving public health.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Martina Ferrillo, Dario Calafiore, Lorenzo Lippi, Antonella Petri, Alessandro Mastroianni, Leonzio Fortunato, Amerigo Giudice, Mario Migliario
Summary: This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate systemic and oral health parameters in overweight/obese adolescents. The results showed a coexistence of obesity and poor oral health in this cohort of adolescents. Screening of oral health status and therapeutic interventions should be considered to improve oral health in obese individuals.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Marcela Zembura, Pawel Matusik
Summary: Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is highly prevalent in children and adolescents and is associated with various adverse health outcomes. There is a need for consensus on the definition, standardized evaluation methods, and age and gender thresholds for SO in different ethnicities in the pediatric population.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Sara Ahmed Mahmoud, Sara El Moshy, Dina Rady, Israa Ahmed Radwan, Marwa M. S. Abbass, Ayoub Al Jawaldeh
Summary: This study found a correlation between overweight/obesity and dental caries in school children in Egypt. Desserts and soft drinks were identified as common risk factors associated with higher incidence of caries and overweight/obesity, while consumption of fruits and vegetables seemed to have a protective effect on both health conditions. Sweetened juices were also found to be associated with dental caries in both primary and permanent dentitions.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Martha Paisi, Neeltje Crombag, Lorna Burns, Annick Bogaerts, Lyndsey Withers, Laura Bates, Daniel Crowley, Robert Witton, Jill Shawe
Summary: People experiencing homelessness encounter multiple barriers in accessing and completing HCV treatment, related to both their lived experience and characteristics of health systems. Some barriers are amenable to change, while others are more challenging to modify. The identified facilitators could guide future targeted measures to improve HCV diagnosis and treatment.
HEALTH EXPECTATIONS
(2022)
Editorial Material
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Robert Witton, Martha Paisi
Summary: This paper discusses the oral health issues of the homeless population and how to integrate it into a wider public health response.
PERSPECTIVES IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Editorial Material
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
R. Patel, R. Witton
Summary: This article aims to highlight the significance of oral health as an important aspect of overall health and well-being within the health and social care system.
PERSPECTIVES IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Christopher Tredwin, Sally Hanks, Rob Witton, Ewen McColl, Cathy Coelho
Summary: Peninsula Dental School, established in 2006, introduced innovative educational methods in the field of dental education in the UK. The curriculum of the school is based on three fundamental pillars: professionalism, high-quality dental skills, and social engagement. The school has achieved significant accomplishments by nurturing dental care professionals who have autonomy, technical skills, and communication skills.
BRITISH DENTAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Editorial Material
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Rebecca Anderson, Robert Witton, Ewen McColl
BRITISH DENTAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Martha Paisi, Rebecca Baines, Hannah Wheat, Janine Doughty, Sarah Kaddour, Philip J. Radford, Eleftheria Stylianou, Jill Shawe, Rob Witton
Summary: This study aims to investigate the factors influencing oral health behaviors and access to dental services for asylum seekers and refugees (ASRs). Through qualitative research methods, it was found that several factors affect the extent to which ASRs can engage with oral health care, such as prioritizing safety and survival, cultural norm variations, lack of knowledge about dental care, and financial hardships. Therefore, it is necessary to develop accessible and relevant prevention programs and ensure equitable access to dental services for ASRs.
BRITISH DENTAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Jo Erwin, Martha Paisi, Sarah Neill, Lorna Burns, Isaac Vassallo, Abigail Nelder, Jemma Facenfield, Urshla Devalia, Tara Vassallo, Robert Witton
Summary: This study explores the factors influencing oral health behaviors, access to and delivery of dental care for autistic children and young people. The results of the study suggest that the diagnosis of autism and common autism-related issues can impact the adoption of healthy oral health behaviors and access to dental care for autistic individuals. Better oral health and dental care can be facilitated through accommodation, education, and understanding.
HEALTH EXPECTATIONS
(2022)
Letter
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
E. McColl, R. Witton, A. Mathews
BRITISH DENTAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Letter
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
M. Paisi, H. Wheat, J. Horrell, A. Jebur, R. Witton, P. Radford
BRITISH DENTAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Letter
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
E. McColl, A. Davies-House, R. Witton, M. Wilcock, M. Motta
BRITISH DENTAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Martha Paisi, Zoe Allen, Jill Shawe
Summary: Social housing tenants are at higher risk of engaging in unhealthy behaviors. The NHNY program aimed to improve the health and well-being of social housing tenants and found that it may have been beneficial for some participants. Housing officers play a significant role in promoting health messages and behavior change among tenants.
HEALTH EXPECTATIONS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
D. Brown, R. Patel, R. Witton
PERSPECTIVES IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Letter
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
R. Witton, A. Nelder
BRITISH DENTAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Editorial Material
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
M. Paisi, L. Withers, J. Erwin, J. Horrell, R. Witton, J. Shawe, R. Byng
PERSPECTIVES IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)