Review
Chemistry, Physical
Michele De Bastiani, Anand S. Subbiah, Maxime Babics, Esma Ugur, Lujia Xu, Jiang Liu, Thomas G. Allen, Erkan Aydin, Stefaan De Wolf
Summary: Perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells are high-efficiency and low-cost photovoltaic devices that enhance stability and energy yield by collecting light from both the sunward and rear side.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bo Chen, Zhenhua Yu, Arthur Onno, Zhengshan Yu, Shangshang Chen, Jiantao Wang, Zachary C. Holman, Jinsong Huang
Summary: This paper reports on a bifacial all-perovskite tandem structure that achieves an equivalent efficiency of 29.3% under a back-to-front irradiance ratio of 30. By embedding a light-scattering micrometer-sized particle layer and using a nonacidic hole transport layer, the efficiency of semitransparent Pb-Sn cells is increased from 15.6% to 19.4%, enabling the fabrication of efficient bifacial all-perovskite tandem devices.
Article
Physics, Applied
Ramachandran Ammapet Vijayan, Jeevalakshmi Sivanarul, Muthubalan Varadharajaperumal
Summary: Agrivoltaics (AV) combines food and energy production, suitable for high population density areas like India. Research shows that in a hot, tropical climate in southeastern India, silicon heterojunction (SHJ) technology outperforms passivated emitter rear contact (PERC+) technology in energy production, with strategies like adjusting panel pitch and optimizing spectral sharing to achieve a balance between rice yield and energy output.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Wenjie Lin, Julie Dreon, Sihua Zhong, Vincent Paratte, Luca Antognini, Jean Cattin, Zongtao Liu, Zongcun Liang, Pingqi Gao, Hui Shen, Christophe Ballif, Mathieu Boccard
Summary: Challenges in fabricating full dopant-free bifacial silicon solar cells are discussed, with efficient devices utilizing MoO3/ITO/Ag and ZnO/LiFx/Al contacts demonstrated. The ZnO/LiFx/Al electron contacts with a thinner ZnO layer and larger contact fraction display better selectivity and lower resistance loss, leading to improved power output. Further improvements are needed to make this technology industry-relevant.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Qi Jiang, Zhaoning Song, Rosemary C. Bramante, Paul F. Ndione, Robert Tirawat, Joseph J. Berry, Yanfa Yan, Kai Zhu
Summary: This study presents highly efficient bifacial perovskite solar cells (PSCs) based on the p-i-n architecture. A transparent conducting rear electrode was designed for optimized efficiency under various albedo illumination conditions. The bifacial PSCs achieved a bifaciality of about 91%-93% and exhibited higher energy yields and lower levelized cost of energy (LCOE) compared to their monofacial counterparts.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Jabir Bin Jahangir, Md. Al-Mahmud, Md. Shahadat Sarker Shakir, Anisul Haque, Muhammad A. Alam, M. Ryyan Khan
Summary: Bifacial photovoltaic technology offers several advantages over monofacial, but there is a lack of comprehensive theory-experiment combined analysis for accurate global extrapolation; Current experimental studies have limitations and more research is needed for different array configurations.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jeremiah Reagan, Sarah Kurtz
Summary: In this article, a vertical bifacial + reflector configuration is proposed as a candidate for solar canals and other dual-use applications. The modeling results show that this configuration is competitive with fixed 20° tilt systems, and the south-facing vertical orientation has higher annual output compared to 20° systems with and without a reflector. The performance of vertical orientations in different cities exhibits similar trends, with better performance in nonsummer months and implications for load balancing and energy storage.
IEEE JOURNAL OF PHOTOVOLTAICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Lujia Xu, Fuzong Xu, Jiang Liu, Xuechun Zhang, Anand Selvin Subbiah, Stefaan De Wolf
Summary: Bifacial tandem solar cells exploit albedo at their rear to generate more power compared to monofacial cells. The optimal bandgap (E(g)) values for subcells in both two-terminal and four-terminal bifacial tandems are discussed under different albedos. The study finds that a albedo range of 0.2-0.5 leads to an optimal bottom E(g) of approximately 1.12 eV for two-terminal tandems, indicating that silicon can be the best bottom cell for practical and theoretical purposes. The study also highlights the advantages of the four-terminal configuration for bifacial deployment, showing higher theoretical energy yield and lower sensitivity to albedo variations compared to the two-terminal counterpart. To maximize conversion efficiency in two-terminal tandems, it is counterintuitively recommended to have the subcell with the highest fill factor as the current-limiting component.
ACS ENERGY LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jilei Wang, Yimin Xuan, Likai Zheng, Yuanpei Xu, Liyou Yang
Summary: The innovative stacked mask method combined with a two-step texturing method was developed to prepare asymmetrical micro-pyramid structures on SHJ solar cells, significantly improving the light trapping effect. Research showed that a smaller bottom angle of backside pyramids led to better surface passivation quality and increased Jsc and PCE of the SHJ solar cells.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Daxue Du, Chao Gao, Haiyan Wang, Wenzhong Shen
Summary: This study introduces a method to calculate the current matching loss of bifacial tandem solar cells through analyzing the current characteristics of bifacial sub-cells, with verification of reliability. Energy yield and loss are predicted for the application of bifacial tandem solar cells in different latitudes, along with possible solutions for increasing yield and reducing costs. The research establishes a base for calculating and predicting the photovoltaic performance of bifacial perovskite/c-Si tandem solar cells.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Zhaoning Song, Chongwen Li, Lei Chen, Yanfa Yan
Summary: Bifacial perovskite solar cells offer the potential for higher power output and enhanced durability compared to traditional devices, thanks to the unique optoelectronic properties of perovskite material and the use of transparent conducting oxide electrodes to prevent electrode corrosion. Despite the limitations and challenges, bifacial perovskite solar cells are increasingly seen as a viable commercialization pathway for mainstream solar power generation and building-integrated PV systems. Advantages include high power output, improved device durability, and lower economic and environmental costs.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jihyeon Heo, Incheol Jung, Hyunwoo Park, Ju Hwan Han, Hyeonwoo Kim, Hansol Park, Jin-Seong Park, Hyeongtag Jeon, Kyu-Tae Lee, Hui Joon Park
Summary: The bidirectional, colorful perovskite solar cells based on optical interference effects within the multilayer solar cell structure are high efficiency, with tunable reflective colors achieved by adjusting the thickness of the transparent electrode. Potential applications include power-generating surfaces for buildings and automobiles, energy-efficient display systems, and self-powered wearable electronics.
ADVANCED OPTICAL MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
S. Ma, H. B. Tang, Z. P. Li, X. Y. Kong, W. Z. Shen
Summary: The study demonstrates that using SiOxNy films can significantly improve the performance of bifacial p-type silicon PERCs, with front-side and rear-side efficiency increasing by 0.27% and 0.26% respectively, achieving an average front-side efficiency of 23.23% and a rear-side efficiency of 17.31%.
SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Jaeun Kim, Sunhwa Lee, Somin Park, Minkyu Ju, Youngkuk Kim, Eun-Chel Cho, Suresh Kumar Dhungel, Junsin Yi
Summary: A two-terminal bifacial Si/Si tandem solar cell is achieved by bonding with transparent conductive adhesive (TCA). By controlling the opening area of the top cell, current matching is achieved, allowing the bottom cell to absorb sunlight in the short wavelength region without being limited by the top cell's thickness or bandgap.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Pan Wu, Xuan Wu, Huimin Yu, Jingyuan Zhao, Yida Wang, Kewu Pi, Gary Owens, Haolan Xu
Summary: This study addresses the global shortages in clean water, agricultural land resources, and food supply by developing a self-sustaining and solar-driven offshore double-layered sea farm system.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zhiguang Zhou, Hao Tian, Thomas M. Hymel, Harsha Reddy, Vladimir M. Shalaev, Yi Cui, Peter Bermel
OPTICAL MATERIALS EXPRESS
(2020)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Kerrie A. Douglas, Hillary E. Merzdorf, Nathan M. Hicks, Muhammad Ihsanulhaq Sarfraz, Peter Bermel
COMPUTERS & EDUCATION
(2020)
Editorial Material
Chemistry, Physical
Peter Bermel
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Xuejing Wang, Junho Choi, Juncheng Liu, Oana Malis, Xiaoqin Li, Peter Bermel, Xinghang Zhang, Haiyan Wang
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ze Wang, David Kortge, Jie Zhu, Zhiguang Zhou, Hans Torsina, Changkyun Lee, Peter Bermel
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Weng Cho Chew, Dong-Yeop Na, Peter Bermel, Thomas E. Roth, Christopher J. Ryu, Erhan Kudeki
Summary: This article presents a succinct way to quantize Maxwell's equations by discussing the random nature of quantum observables and presenting the quantum Maxwell's equations. The derivation is simplified by the mathematical homomorphism between classical and quantum cases. The classical Maxwell's equations are derived using Hamiltonian theory, with the quantum Maxwell's equations following in a similar fashion.
IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION MAGAZINE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Sayan Roy, Zixuan Hu, Sabre Kais, Peter Bermel
Summary: By introducing the dark state protection mechanism to a TMDC-based photovoltaic system with pure tungsten diselenide as the acceptor material and the TMDC alloy tungsten sulfo-selenide as the donor material, researchers achieved a photon current enhancement of up to 35% and an ideal photon-to-current efficiency exceeding the Shockley-Queisser limit.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Carmine D'Alessandro, Davide De Maio, Marilena Musto, Daniela De Luca, Emiliano Di Gennaro, Peter Bermel, Roberto Russo
Summary: This study examines the benefits of adding an InfraRed mirror coating to solar thermal devices to reduce thermal losses and increase efficiency, analyzing the impact of different parameters on efficiency and conducting an analysis of annual energy gains in different cities based on historical data.
Article
Physics, Applied
Z. Wang, S. Alajlouni, P. Bermel, A. Shakouri
Summary: The location of electromigration failure in metallic interconnects is found to be dependent on the applied current density, rather than always occurring at the highest-current-density area as previously assumed. By using thermoreflectance thermal imaging and a computationally inexpensive finite element method, the evolution of failure location in Al interconnect during electromigration is successfully tracked.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ze Wang, David Kortge, Zihao He, Jiawei Song, Jie Zhu, Changkyun Lee, Haiyan Wang, Peter Bermel
Summary: In this manuscript, the role of selective emitters and filter materials in thermophotovoltaic designs is reviewed. The options for highly-selective thermal emitters and filters, as well as their interactions, are discussed in detail. Materials stability and its application in multilayer designs are also examined. The challenges and prospects of thermophotovoltaics are summarized and compared to other energy conversion technologies.
SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Sayan Roy, Peter Bermel
Summary: A photovoltaic cell based on ultrathin tungsten disulfide (WS2) was modeled in this study, with photon management features to enhance absorption. By optimizing the light trapping grating structure and antireflection coating, the efficiency of the cell exceeded 23% under the AM0 solar spectrum. This TMDC-based photovoltaic system shows promise for space photovoltaic applications.
IEEE JOURNAL OF PHOTOVOLTAICS
(2022)
Article
Optics
Changkyun Lee, David Kortge, Jie Zhu, Jiawei Song, Haiyan Wang, Xiulin Ruan, Peter Bermel
Summary: CeO2 is a rare-earth refractory material that can be used to develop practical thin films for high temperature thermophotovoltaics (TPVs) and thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) due to its high refractive index, high thermal stability, and infrared transparency. This research provides new insights into the effects of temperature change on the electronic structure of CeO2, which is important for the aforementioned applications. Reflectance and transmittance measurements of CeO2 thin films were conducted using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy at room temperature, and the results can be leveraged for TPV and TBC designs. Additionally, a simulation using the S4 software package showed strong agreement between experimental FTIR reflectance and simulated reflectance at different angles.
Article
Physics, Applied
Vidisha Singhal, Jie Zhu, Jiawei Song, Haiyan Wang, Peter Bermel
Summary: This study proposes and optimizes a tri-phase photonic crystal emitter design, which introduces BaZrO3 material into the CeO2 layers of an existing photonic crystal emitter, improving thermal stability. Through simulation and optimization, it is found that the tri-phase variations have minimal impact on the spectral efficiency, with the highest efficiency being only 0.02% lower and the lowest efficiency being only 0.28% lower than the original design. Therefore, tri-phase photonic crystal emitters can be used in practical applications to enhance thermal stability without compromising on spectral efficiency.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zherui Han, Changkyun Lee, Jiawei Song, Haiyan Wang, Peter Bermel, Xiulin Ruan
Summary: In this study, a unified temperature-dependent treatment of both electrons and phonons is presented using first principles, allowing the prediction of a full-spectrum dielectric function. The calculated refractive index of CeO2 matches well with measured data from literature and experiments conducted in this study.
Proceedings Paper
Energy & Fuels
Elizabeth K. Grubbs, Hassan Imran, Rakesh Agrawal, Peter A. Bermel
2020 47TH IEEE PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC)
(2020)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shitong Fang, Houfan Du, Tao Yan, Keyu Chen, Zhiyuan Li, Xiaoqing Ma, Zhihui Lai, Shengxi Zhou
Summary: This paper proposes a new type of nonlinear VIV energy harvester (ANVEH) that compensates for the decrease in peak energy output at low wind speeds by introducing an auxiliary structure. Theoretical and experimental results show that ANVEH performs better than traditional nonlinear VIV energy harvesters under various system parameter variations.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Wei Jiang, Shuo Zhang, Teng Wang, Yufei Zhang, Aimin Sha, Jingjing Xiao, Dongdong Yuan
Summary: A standardized method was developed to evaluate the availability of solar energy resources in road areas, which combined the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the Geographic Information System (GIS). By analyzing critical factors and using a multi-indicator evaluation method, the method accurately evaluated the utilization of solar energy resources and guided the optimal location selection for road photovoltaic (PV) projects. The results provided guidance for the application of road PV projects and site selection for route corridors worldwide, promoting the integration of transportation and energy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Chang Liu, Jacob A. Wrubel, Elliot Padgett, Guido Bender
Summary: The study investigates the effects of coating defects on the performance of the anode porous transport layer (PTL) in water electrolyzers. The results show that an increasing fraction of uncoated regions on the PTL leads to decreased cell performance, with continuous uncoated regions having a more severe impact compared to multiple thin uncoated strips.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Marcos Tostado-Veliz, Xiaolong Jin, Rohit Bhakar, Francisco Jurado
Summary: In this paper, a coordinated charging price mechanism for clusters of parking lots is proposed. The research shows that enabling vehicle-to-grid characteristics can bring significant economic benefits for users and the cluster coordinator, and vehicle-to-grid impacts noticeably on the risk-averse character of the uncertainty-aware strategies. The developed pricing mechanism can reduce the cost for users, avoiding to directly translate the energy cost to charging points.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Duan Kang
Summary: Building an energy superpower is a key strategy for China and a long-term goal for other countries. This study proposes an evaluation system and index for measuring energy superpower, and finds that China has significantly improved its ranking over the past 21 years, surpassing other countries.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Fucheng Deng, Yifei Wang, Xiaosen Li, Gang Li, Yi Wang, Bin Huang
Summary: This study investigated the synergistic blockage mechanism of sand and hydrate in gravel filling layer and the evolution of permeability in the layer. Experimental models and modified permeability models were established to analyze the effects of sand particles and hydrate formation on permeability. The study provided valuable insights for the safe and efficient exploitation of hydrate reservoirs.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Hao Wang, Xiwen Chen, Natan Vital, Edward Duffy, Abolfazl Razi
Summary: This study proposes a HVAC energy optimization model based on deep reinforcement learning algorithm. It achieves 37% energy savings and ensures thermal comfort for open office buildings. The model has a low complexity, uses a few controllable factors, and has a short training time with good generalizability.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Moyue Cong, Yongzhuo Gao, Weidong Wang, Long He, Xiwang Mao, Yi Long, Wei Dong
Summary: This study introduces a multi-strategy ultra-wideband energy harvesting device that achieves high power output without the need for external power input. By utilizing asymmetry, stagger array, magnetic coupling, and nonlinearity strategies, the device maintains a stable output voltage and high power density output at non-resonant frequencies. Temperature and humidity monitoring are performed using Bluetooth sensors to adaptively assess the device.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Tianshu Dong, Xiudong Duan, Yuanyuan Huang, Danji Huang, Yingdong Luo, Ziyu Liu, Xiaomeng Ai, Jiakun Fang, Chaolong Song
Summary: Electrochemical water splitting is crucial for hydrogen production, and improving the hydrogen separation rate from the electrode is essential for enhancing water electrolyzer performance. However, issues such as air bubble adhesion to the electrode plate hinder the process. Therefore, a methodology to investigate the two-phase flow within the electrolyzer is in high demand. This study proposes using a microfluidic system as a simulator for the electrolyzer and optimizing the two-phase flow by manipulating the micro-structure of the flow.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shuo Han, Yifan Yuan, Mengjiao He, Ziwen Zhao, Beibei Xu, Diyi Chen, Jakub Jurasz
Summary: Giving full play to the flexibility of hydropower and integrating more variable renewable energy is of great significance for accelerating the transformation of China's power energy system. This study proposes a novel day-ahead scheduling model that considers the flexibility limited by irregular vibration zones (VZs) and the probability of flexibility shortage in a hydropower-variable renewable energy hybrid generation system. The model is applied to a real hydropower station and effectively improves the flexibility supply capacity of hydropower, especially during heavy load demand in flood season.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zhen Wang, Kangqi Fan, Shizhong Zhao, Shuxin Wu, Xuan Zhang, Kangjia Zhai, Zhiqi Li, Hua He
Summary: This study developed a high-performance rotary energy harvester (AI-REH) inspired by archery, which efficiently accumulates and releases ultralow-frequency vibration energy. By utilizing a magnetic coupling strategy and an accumulator spring, the AI-REH achieves significantly accelerated rotor speeds and enhanced electric outputs.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yi Yang, Qianyi Xing, Kang Wang, Caihong Li, Jianzhou Wang, Xiaojia Huang
Summary: In this study, a novel hybrid Quantile Regression (QR) model is proposed for Probabilistic Load Forecasting (PLF). The model integrates causal dilated convolution, residual connection, and Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM) for multi-scale feature extraction. In addition, a Combined Probabilistic Load Forecasting System (CPLFS) is proposed to overcome the inherent flaws of relying on a single model. Simulation results show that the hybrid QR outperforms traditional models and CPLFS exceeds the best benchmarks in terms of prediction accuracy and stability.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Wen-Jiang Zou, Young-Bae Kim, Seunghun Jung
Summary: This paper proposes a dynamic prediction model for capacity fade in vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs). The model accurately predicts changes in electrolyte volume and capacity fade, enhancing the competitiveness of VRFBs in energy storage applications.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yuechao Ma, Shengtie Wang, Guangchen Liu, Guizhen Tian, Jianwei Zhang, Ruiming Liu
Summary: This paper focuses on the balance of state of charge (SOC) among multiple battery energy storage units (MBESUs) and bus voltage balance in an islanded bipolar DC microgrid. A SOC automatic balancing strategy is proposed considering the energy flow relationship and utilizing the adaptive virtual resistance algorithm. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy in achieving SOC balancing and decreasing bus voltage unbalance.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Raad Z. Homod, Basil Sh. Munahi, Hayder Ibrahim Mohammed, Musatafa Abbas Abbood Albadr, Aissa Abderrahmane, Jasim M. Mahdi, Mohamed Bechir Ben Hamida, Bilal Naji Alhasnawi, A. S. Albahri, Hussein Togun, Umar F. Alqsair, Zaher Mundher Yaseen
Summary: In this study, the control problem of the multiple-boiler system (MBS) is formulated as a dynamic Markov decision process and a deep clustering reinforcement learning approach is applied to obtain the optimal control policy. The proposed strategy, based on bang-bang action, shows superior response and achieves more than 32% energy saving compared to conventional fixed parameter controllers under dynamic indoor/outdoor actual conditions.