Review
Oncology
Yuanyuan Kang, Kexin Zhang, Lixue Sun, Ying Zhang
Summary: This article provides an overview of the mechanisms and roles of FOXK2 in cancer, as well as the prognostic value of FOXK2 expression in different types of cancer. The findings will contribute to a better understanding of the therapeutic potential of FOXK2 as a target for cancer treatment.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zongling Ji, Yaoyong Li, Sean X. Liu, Andrew D. Sharrocks
Summary: The FOXK2 transcription factor binds to thousands of regulatory regions in human embryonic stem cells and downstream cell types, maintaining binding at many sites as cells differentiate while also developing new binding regions. FOXK2 binding is generally linked to active histone marks in different cell types, with newly acquired or retained binding regions showing elevated levels of activating histone marks following differentiation to neural precursor cells. This association with activating marks demonstrates a role for FOXK transcription factors in gene activation during neural precursor cell differentiation, indicating FOXK2 occupancy in ESCs is an early mark for delineating regulatory regions that become activated in later lineages.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Niharika Singh, Florian A. A. Siebzehnrubl, Isabel Martinez-Garay
Summary: Neural precursors generate neurons in the embryonic brain and adult brain niches through a process called neurogenesis. The precise control of gene transcription in neural precursor cells plays a crucial role in regulating cell proliferation and differentiation for neurogenesis. This review focuses on the transcription factors involved in neurogenesis in the embryonic cortex and adult neurogenic niches, comparing their functions and properties.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Xi-wen Wang, Qi-qiang Guo, Yang Yu, Ting-ting Zhou, Si-yi Zhang, Zhuo Wang, Jing-wei Liu, Jun Tang, Xiao-you Jiang, Shan-shan Wang, Wen-dong Guo, Hong-de Xu, Hua-yi Sun, Zi-wei Li, Xiao-yu Song, Jun-gang Zhao, Liu Cao
Summary: This study demonstrates that SIRT1 inhibition enhances FOXK2-mediated chemosensitivity to cisplatin, and acetylation at the K223 site of FOXK2 affects chemosensitivity. Mechanistically, FOXK2 is acetylated by an acetyltransferase and deacetylated by SIRT1, with cisplatin or SIRT1 inhibition leading to increased FOXK2 acetylation and decreased nuclear distribution. Acetylation of FOXK2 K223 significantly impacts the expression of genes related to cell cycle and apoptosis in cisplatin-stimulated cancer cells.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Xiaoman Bi, Dehua Zheng, Jiale Cai, Dahua Xu, Liyang Chen, Zhizhou Xu, Meng Cao, Peihu Li, Yutong Shen, Hong Wang, Wuping Zheng, Deng Wu, Shaojiang Zheng, Kongning Li
Summary: Through the study of multi-omics data from over 11,000 patients with 33 different types of human cancers, we found that FOX gene mutations were present in 17.4% of tumor patients. We also discovered high expression heterogeneity of FOX genes across cancer types, partially attributed to genomic or epigenomic alterations. We provided 103 FOX gene-drug target-drug predictions and found potential survival predictive value in FOX gene expression.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Feibiao Yang, Zhangsheng Xiao, Songze Zhang
Summary: FOXP2 is found to transcriptionally activate RPS6KA6 and regulate the proliferation and apoptosis of thyroid cancer cells (THCA). The mRNA expression levels of FOXP2 and RPS6KA6 are decreased in THCA tissues and cell lines, and their expression levels are correlated. FOXP2 directly binds to the promoter region of RPS6KA6 and modulates its transcriptional level. Knockdown of RPS6KA6 expression reverses the effects of FOXP2 overexpression on THCA cell proliferation and apoptosis, and the regulation of FOXP2/RPS6KA6 may be associated with the PI3K/AKT pathway.
EXPERIMENTAL AND THERAPEUTIC MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jin Zhang, Jiankai Wei, Haiyan Yu, Bo Dong
Summary: The study identified 553 transcription factors classified into 60 families from Styela clava based on whole genome data, particularly focusing on their expression during early embryonic development. Analysis of transcription factors among different tunicate species revealed significant differences in the zinc finger superfamily, suggesting its potential role in species differentiation and environmental adaptation. The discovery of eight Hox genes located on one chromosome and 23 forkhead box genes in Styela clava provided insights into their potential functions in neurodevelopment and sensory organ development.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Peyman Tabnak, Aysa Hasanzade Bashkandi, Mohammad Ebrahimnezhad, Mahdieh Soleimani
Summary: This review discusses the roles of transcription factors FOXOs and FOXM1 in gliomas, including their interactions with other proteins and microRNAs in regulatory networks, as well as their significance in glioma progression.
CANCER CELL INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Dragana Kopanja, Vaibhav Chand, Eilidh O'Brien, Nishit K. Mukhopadhyay, Maria P. Zappia, Abul B. M. M. K. Islam, Maxim Frolov, Bradley J. Merrill, Pradip Raychaudhuri
Summary: This study provides new insights into the critical role of the interaction between FoxM1 and Rb in the plasticity and metastasis of breast cancer cells.
Article
Oncology
Su-Hyeong Kim, Krishna B. Singh, Eun-Ryeong Hahm, Shivendra Singh
Summary: This study demonstrates that FoxQ1 plays a crucial role in the antitumor response to Withaferin A (WA) by affecting breast cancer stem cells, leading to a reduction in burden and/or incidence of breast cancer.
CANCER PREVENTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aysegul Ors, Alex Daniel Chitsazan, Aaron Reid Doe, Ryan M. Mulqueen, Cigdem Ak, Yahong Wen, Syber Haverlack, Mithila Handu, Spandana Naldiga, Joshua C. Saldivar, Hisham Mohammed
Summary: This study systematically tracked the response of breast cancer cells to estrogen at a single-cell level and uncovered the non-uniform nature of gene expression response. Different cell groups were found to express distinct transcriptional networks and have different chromatin accessibility states.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Archana Chaudhary, Syed Shadab Raza, Rizwanul Haque
Summary: Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs) are crucial in the onset, development, metastasis, and recurrence of tumors. Understanding the functions of transcription factors (TFs) and their interaction with DNA has paved the way for novel therapies targeting CSCs. These TFs play a vital role in the etiology of human cancer and can provide important data for predicting patient prognosis. Combining TFs-based CSC targets with traditional chemotherapy may lead to a potent therapy for overcoming cancer resistance.
SEMINARS IN CANCER BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Madhu Rani, Rashmi Kumari, Shashi Prakash Singh, Annu Devi, Preeti Bansal, Aisha Siddiqi, Mohammed A. Alsahli, Saleh A. Almatroodi, Arshad Husain Rahmani, M. Moshahid Alam Rizvi
Summary: MicroRNAs play a critical role in regulating genes, including FOXO transcription factors, which are important tumor suppressors. FOXO family members modulate various cellular processes and their abnormal expression due to microRNA down-regulation has been linked to tumor initiation, chemo-resistance, and progression. Chemo-resistance is a major challenge in cancer treatment, with a high percentage of cancer-related deaths associated with it. This article discusses the structure, functions, and posttranslational modifications of FOXO, as well as the role of microRNAs in carcinogenesis by regulating FOXOs at the post-transcriptional level. The miRNA-FOXO axis can be a potential target for novel cancer therapy to overcome chemo-resistance.
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Xiaojun Zhang, Lusheng Jiang, Huimin Liu
Summary: Forkhead box protein O1 (FoXO1) is a transcription factor involved in regulating various physiological processes, with dysfunction linked to the pathophysiology of multiple diseases. Different post-translational modifications can dynamically regulate FoXO1 activity and target gene transcription.
DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Zhaojun Wang, Xinling Liu, Zhanju Wang, Zhenbo Hu
Summary: FOXK2 is a central transcriptional regulator involved in various biological processes, such as genomic stability and cancer development. Its differential expression in different types of cancer suggests its potential role as an oncoprotein or tumor suppressor, although its exact mechanisms in tumorigenesis are still largely unexplored.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Deborah Delbue, Bruna S. Mendonca, Marcela C. Robaina, Lauana G. T. Lemos, Pedro Lucena, Joao P. B. Viola, Lidia M. Magalhaes, Susanne Crocamo, Caio A. B. Oliveira, Felipe R. Teixeira, Raquel C. Maia, Gabriela Nestal de Moraes
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH
(2020)
Article
Cell Biology
Dachuan Shen, Lili Tian, Fangyu Yang, Jun Li, Xiaodong Li, Yiqun Yao, Eric W. -F. Lam, Peng Gao, Bilian Jin, Ruoyu Wang
Summary: The ADO/hypotaurine axis plays a crucial role in driving the self-renewal and maintenance of glioma 'cancer stem cells' or glioma cancer stem-like cells. Inhibiting this metabolic pathway may limit glioblastoma cell proliferation and tumor growth.
CELL DEATH DISCOVERY
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Flavia Cunha Vasconcelos, Paloma Silva de Souza, Thais Hancio, Fernanda Costas Casal de Faria, Raquel Ciuvalschi Maia
Summary: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a common hematological neoplasia with unsatisfactory long-term overall survival, possibly due to factors such as older age, genetic heterogeneity, and molecular characteristics. The expression of ABCB1, ABCC1, ABCG2, and LRP transporter proteins is considered a major reason for multidrug resistance in AML, but conflicting data exist.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ONCOLOGY HEMATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Josep Guma, Jose Adria-Cebrian, Belen Ruiz-Aguado, Cinta Albacar, Josefa Girona, Ricardo Rodriguez-Calvo, Neus Martinez-Micaelo, Eric W. F. Lam, Luis Masana, Sandra Guaita-Esteruelas
Summary: The study identified a positive association between TG-enriched particles and certain branched amino acids with breast cancer, suggesting a distinct metabolic signature in BC patients that could aid in improved stratification and treatment. This is the first time advanced NMR profiling has been used to identify relevant lipid and amino acid metabolites in BC serum samples for early and reliable diagnosis and prognosis.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rui Gao, He Bin, Qitao Huang, Zifeng Wang, Min Yan, Eric Wing-Fai Lam, Suxia Lin, Bo Wang, Quentin Liu
Summary: The presence of immune transcripts in cancer cells increases during malignant transformation, contributing to different prognoses of immune gene signatures. An optimized immune response signature, obtained by excluding cancer-related immune genes, offers more reliable prognostic value and reveals favorable associations with antigen presentation, NK cell killing, and T cell signaling. Higher expression of this signature is associated with better responses to immunotherapy and predicts favorable prognosis, providing insights into cancer cell plasticity and the tumor microenvironment.
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Paula Sabbo Bernardo, Thais Hancio, Flavia da Cunha Vasconcelos, Gabriela Nestal de Moraes, Ricardo de Sa Bigni, Luciana Wernersbach Pinto, Luiz Claudio Santos Thuler, Raquel Ciuvalschi Maia
Summary: This retrospective study in a Brazilian cancer center aimed to investigate the characteristics and survival rates of head and neck diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients. The study found that DLBCL was more common in middle-aged and elderly male patients, with Waldeyer's ring being the most common primary tumor location. Older age, male gender, high LDH levels, and HIV positivity were associated with shorter overall survival rates and increased risk of death. Treatment was identified as the only protective factor, improving overall survival and reducing risk of death. However, the combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy did not show any additional benefits compared to isolated treatment modalities.
Article
Oncology
Vivian Weiwen Xue, Jeff Yat-Fai Chung, Philip Chiu-Tsun Tang, Alex Siu-Wing Chan, Travis Hoi-Wai To, Justin Shing-Yin Chung, Francis Mussal, Eric W-F Lam, Chunjie Li, Ka-Fai To, Kam-Tong Leung, Hui-Yao Lan, Patrick Ming-Kuen Tang
Summary: The study demonstrates the development of a novel gene therapeutic approach targeting Mincle in a tumor-specific manner using the USMB system. The strategy effectively inhibits protumoral effects in mouse and human macrophages, showing potential for clinical translation in cancer treatment.
MOLECULAR THERAPY-ONCOLYTICS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Jose Adria-Cebrian, Sandra Guaita-Esteruelas, Eric W. -F. Lam, Marta Rodriguez-Balada, Jordi Capellades, Josefa Girona, Ana Maria Jimenez-Santamaria, Oscar Yanes, Luis Masana, Josep Guma
Summary: This study demonstrates the importance of tumor microenvironment crosstalk, the crucial role of lipid transfer between adipose tissue and cancer cells, and the specific lipid signature of each breast cancer subtype. Different breast cancer cell lines metabolize lipids in different ways, with drug resistant cells showing a metabolic pattern more similar to triple negative breast cancer cells. Understanding these lipid patterns may be helpful in breast cancer diagnosis and developing targeted treatments.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Changxu Wang, Qilai Long, Qiang Fu, Qixia Xu, Da Fu, Yan Li, Libin Gao, Jianming Guo, Xiaoling Zhang, Eric W-F Lam, Judith Campisi, Yu Sun
Summary: The soluble factor EREG, produced by senescent stromal cells, plays a crucial role in the development and malignant progression of cancer cells in the tumor microenvironment. Targeting EREG in treatment-damaged TME significantly improves cancer therapeutic efficacy and shows potential value in translational medicine.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Philip Chiu-Tsun Tang, Jeff Yat-Fai Chung, Jinyue Liao, Max Kam-Kwan Chan, Alex Siu-Wing Chan, Guangyao Cheng, Chunjie Li, Xiao-Ru Huang, Calvin Sze -Hang Ng, Eric W. -F Lam, Dongmei Zhang, Yi-Ping Ho, Ka-Fai To, Kam -Tong Leung, Xiaohua Jiang, Ho Ko, Tin -Lap Lee, Hui-Yao Lan, Patrick Ming-Kuen Tang
Summary: This study discovered a direct mechanism of tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) for promoting de novo neurogenesis, which contributes to a better understanding of tumor innervation. The study also identified a phenomenon of macrophage to neuron-like cell transition (MNT) and identified a crucial regulator for MNT. This finding has potential clinical significance for the treatment of cancer pain.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Weiyingqi Cui, Ning Xie, Eric W. -F. Lam, Victoria Hahn-Stromberg, Na Liu, Hong Zhang, Xiao-Feng Sun
Summary: Accumulating evidence suggests the important roles of FOXO3, FOXM1, and SIRT6 in cancer progression. This study investigates the expression and clinical significance of these proteins in rectal cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy (RT). The results show that FOXO3 and FOXM1 are mainly expressed in the cytoplasm, while SIRT6 is expressed in both the cytoplasm and nucleus. FOXO3 expression increases with tumor progression, while SIRT6 expression decreases. High FOXO3 expression is associated with late TNM stage, distant metastasis, and poor prognosis in RT patients. Genetic analysis implicates DNA methylation in FOXO3 overexpression. Functional enrichment analysis reveals the involvement of FOXO3 in metabolism-related signaling pathways and radioresistance. In conclusion, FOXO3 may serve as a prognostic factor in rectal cancer patients undergoing RT.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Isabel V. G. Silva, Karina L. Silva, Raquel C. Maia, Heitor M. Duarte, Ricardo Coutinho, Maria Helena C. B. Neves, Angelica R. Soares, Giselle P. F. Lopes
Summary: Different solvent extracts from Aphanothece halophytica were tested for their cytotoxic effects on human cancer cells. The extracts containing 100% and 90% A. halophytica showed significant cytotoxic effects on human breast cancer cells. The extracts also demonstrated cytostatic effects on breast cancer cells and glioblastoma cells, causing cell cycle arrest in the S phase. The chemical composition of the extracts varied depending on the abundance of A. halophytica, with fatty acids, hydrocarbons, and phthalates being predominant. This suggests that A. halophytica could be a valuable source of novel anticancer compounds.
ANAIS DA ACADEMIA BRASILEIRA DE CIENCIAS
(2022)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Giampaolo Calissi, Eric W. -F. Lam, Wolfgang Link
Summary: FOXO proteins are transcription factors that are involved in regulating stress responses to maintain cellular homeostasis. Dysregulation of FOXO protein functions contributes to cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, and neurological diseases. This review summarizes the biology of FOXO proteins, their roles in disease and longevity, and discusses pharmacological approaches to develop FOXO-targeting therapeutics.
NATURE REVIEWS DRUG DISCOVERY
(2021)
