Journal
SCIENCE ADVANCES
Volume 5, Issue 2, Pages -Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aau6849
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Funding
- Sir Jules Thorn Charitable Trust
- Rosetrees Trust
- Wellcome Trust
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Director's Catalyst Fund
- Wellcome Trust [104936/Z/14/Z]
- Wellcome Trust [104936/Z/14/Z] Funding Source: Wellcome Trust
- MRC [MR/M011569/1] Funding Source: UKRI
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Epidemiological and immunological evidence suggests that some vaccines can reduce all-cause mortality through nonspecific changes made to innate immune cells. Here, we present the first data to describe the nonspecific immunological impact of oral vaccination with live-attenuated Salmonella Typhi strain Ty21 a. We vaccinated healthy adults with Ty21a and assessed aspects of innate and adaptive immunity over the course of 6 months. Changes to monocyte phenotype/function were observed for at least 3 months. Changes to innate and adaptive immune cell cytokine production in response to stimulation with vaccine and unrelated nonvaccine antigens were observed over the 6-month study period. The changes that we have observed could influence susceptibility to infection through altered immune responses mounted to subsequently encountered pathogens. These changes could influence all-cause mortality.
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