Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Matthieu Komorowski, Ashleigh Green, Kate C. Tatham, Christopher Seymour, David Antcliffe
Summary: In recent years, data-driven techniques have made advances in the diagnosis, treatment, and individualization of sepsis, particularly through the discovery and evaluation of biomarkers and digital signatures. These advancements have improved diagnostic accuracy, treatment outcomes, and provided important guidance for clinical trials and management.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yu Jin, Shicun Xu, Zhixian Shao, Xianyu Luo, Yinzhe Wang, Yi Yu, Yuanyuan Wang
Summary: This study utilized the XGBoost model and network analysis to identify critical factors related to depression and explore their associations. The results revealed significant positive associations between anxiety and obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), social anxiety disorder (SAD) and appearance anxiety, as well as negative associations between sleep quality and anxiety, sleep quality and PTSD among individuals with childhood trauma experiences and depression.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2024)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Thalia Richter, Barak Fishbain, Gal Richter-Levin, Hadas Okon-Singer
Summary: The current psychiatric diagnostic procedure relies heavily on self-reports, which can be biased, highlighting the need for data-driven tools to improve accuracy. While some studies have shown promising results in depression diagnosis using machine learning analysis, most patients do not have access to neuroimaging tools, emphasizing the necessity for objective assessment tools that can be easily integrated into routine diagnostic processes.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Shweta Chakrabarti, Nupur Biswas, Lawrence D. Jones, Santosh Kesari, Shashaanka Ashili
Summary: The increasing usage of smart wearable devices has had a significant impact on lifestyle, biological research, and personalized healthcare services. These devices, equipped with various sensors, serve as personalized diagnostic tools and enable the prediction and detection of physiological and psychological conditions and diseases. Machine learning is crucial for fast and insightful data analysis. Challenges and future prospects of wearable devices as diagnostic tools are also discussed.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Laurie J. Hannigan, Ragna Bugge Askeland, Helga Ask, Martin Tesli, Elizabeth Corfield, Ziada Ayorech, Per Magnus, Pal Rasmus Njolstad, Anne-Siri Oyen, Camilla Stoltenberg, Ole A. Andreassen, Angelica Ronald, George Davey Smith, Ted Reichborn-Kjennerud, Alexandra Havdahl
Summary: This study investigates the associations between genetic risk for neurodevelopmental disorders and attainment of early-life language and motor development milestones. The results show that genetic risk for ADHD is associated with earlier walking age, while genetic risk for autism is associated with later walking age, with sex differences observed. No robust associations were found between genetic risk for schizophrenia or any neurodevelopmental disorders and language developmental milestones.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Vincent Paquin, Guillaume Elgbeili, Julia Munden, Norbert Schmitz, Ridha Joober, Antonio Ciampi, Suzanne King
Summary: Ownership of cats in childhood may be associated with psychosis in adulthood, particularly in males with rodent-hunting cats. This association may depend on other environmental factors, such as residential moves and head trauma history.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Vanteemar S. Sreeraj, Joan C. Puzhakkal, Bharath Holla, Ravi Kumar Nadella, Sweta Sheth, Srinivas Balachander, Dhruva Ithal, Furkhan Ali, Biju Viswanath, Kesavan Muralidharan, Ganesan Venkatasubramanian, John P. John, Vivek Benegal, Pratima Murthy, Mathew Varghese, Y. C. Janardhan Reddy, Sanjeev Jain
Summary: The study found that minor physical anomalies (MPAs) are heritable in families and specifically related to the risk of developing psychoses, predicting an earlier age at onset.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Md Rezaul Karim, Tanhim Islam, Md Shajalal, Oya Beyan, Christoph Lange, Michael Cochez, Dietrich Rebholz-Schuhmann, Stefan Decker
Summary: Artificial intelligence (AI) systems are widely used for solving critical problems in bioinformatics, biomedical informatics, and precision medicine. However, the lack of transparency in complex AI models can be a challenge in understanding their decision-making processes. Explainable AI (XAI) aims to provide transparency and fairness in AI systems, which is particularly important in sensitive areas like healthcare. This paper discusses the importance of explainability in bioinformatics and showcases model-specific and model-agnostic interpretable ML methods that can be customized for bioinformatics research problems. Through case studies, the authors demonstrate how XAI methods can improve transparency and decision fairness in bioinformatics.
BRIEFINGS IN BIOINFORMATICS
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Eva Kathrin Lamade, Ferdinand Hendlmeier, Stefan A. Wudy, Werner F. Blum, Stephanie H. Witt, Marcella Rietschel, Michaela Coenen, Maria Gilles, Michael Deuschle
Summary: Maternal childhood trauma and BMI are negatively associated with fetal IGF-1 and IGF-2 in amniotic fluid, while maternal BMI shows a trend association with fetal weight at birth and fetal IGF-1. This suggests that childhood trauma can impact endocrine measurements in the developing next generation, linking adverse maternal life events to the offspring.
PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Psychiatry
Valentina Baldini, Ramona Di Stefano, Lorenzo Vittorio Rindi, Anthony Ahmed, Maju Mathew Koola, Marco Solmi, Davide Papola, Diana De Ronchi, Corrado Barbui, Giovanni Ostuzzi
Summary: This study aims to assess the association between adverse childhood experiences and suicidal behaviors in individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Meta-analysis of 21 eligible studies revealed a strong positive association between adverse childhood experiences and suicide behaviors in people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2023)
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Aleksandra Piktus
Summary: Large language models are incorporating external tools like Wikipedia to enhance their accuracy in reasoning, which could lead to better fact-finding outcomes and online shopping experiences.
Article
Psychiatry
Christopher Adanty, Jessica Qian, Yin Wang, Gary Remington, Ahmad Shakeri, Carol Borlido, Philip Gerretsen, Ariel Graff-Guerrero, Vincenzo De Luca
Summary: Childhood trauma in schizophrenia is linked to neurobiological effects and cognitive deficits. Specific forms of childhood abuse are associated with certain personality traits in patients with schizophrenia.
SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Steven J. Holfinger, M. Melanie Lyons, Brendan T. Keenan, Diego R. Mazzotti, Jesse Mindel, Greg Maislin, Peter A. Cistulli, Kate Sutherland, Nigel McArdle, Bhajan Singh, Ning-Hung Chen, Thorarinn Gislason, Thomas Penzel, Fang Han, Qing Yun Li, Richard Schwab, Allan I. Pack, Ulysses J. Magalang
Summary: Prediction tools using machine learning without patient-reported symptoms provide better diagnostic performance than logistic regression in identifying OSA. In clinical and community-based samples, the symptomless ANN tool has diagnostic performance similar to that of a widely used prediction tool that includes patient symptoms.
Editorial Material
Psychology, Clinical
Daniel S. Barron
Summary: The clinical interview, as a data gathering procedure in psychiatry, lacks a standardized definition compared to vital signs. Different psychiatrists have their own approach to conducting clinical interviews. This diversity in interviewing techniques can lead to varied examination results and treatment recommendations even within the same clinical setting, highlighting the lack of standardization and operationalization in the evaluation process.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Gareth Ball, Claire E. Kelly, Richard Beare, Marc L. Seal
Summary: This study investigates the use of machine learning algorithms to model brain development trajectories and found consistent patterns in brain age prediction and cortical feature explanation across different model types. While overall brain age estimates based on cortical development are robust and consistent, there is significant variability in the features explaining erroneous predictions on an individual level.
Article
Substance Abuse
Daniela Reichl, Niklas Enewoldsen, Kiona K. Weisel, Sebastian Saur, Lukas Fuhrmann, Catharina Lang, Matthias Berking, Mathias Zink, Andreas Ahnert, Peter Falkai, Thomas Kraus, Thomas Hillemacher, Felix-N Muller, Stephan Lins, Dominikus Bonsch, Linda Kerkemeyer, Sabine Steins-Loeber
Summary: There is evidence that craving mediates the relationship between Impulsive Personality Traits (IPTs) and relapse during the treatment of an Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD). Lower emotion regulation competencies were found to mediate the relationship between attentional as well as non-planning IPTs and craving. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the underlying processes and may inform tailored interventions for AUD treatment.
SUBSTANCE USE & MISUSE
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Niels Hansen, Claudia Bartels, Bianca Teegen, Jens Wiltfang, Berend Malchow
Summary: This study provides evidence of an association between GAD65 autoantibodies in serum and cerebrospinal fluid and catatonia in patients with schizophrenia. Immunotherapy helped stabilize the catatonia symptoms in the patient. Further research is needed to investigate the response to treatment in a larger cohort of patients with GAD65 antibody-associated catatonia and schizophrenia.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Florian J. Raabe, Marius Stephan, Jan Benedikt Waldeck, Verena Huber, Damianos Demetriou, Nirmal Kannaiyan, Sabrina Galinski, Laura V. Glaser, Michael C. Wehr, Michael J. Ziller, Andrea Schmitt, Peter Falkai, Moritz J. Rossner
Summary: Compared with SOX10 alone, the combination of SON increases the number of induced oligodendrocytes (iOLs) and enhances their complexity and myelin-marker gene expression levels. RNA velocity analysis shows that SOX10 generates OPCs that are apparently more immature than those generated by SON, with distinct molecular properties.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Lukas Roell, Isabel Maurus, Daniel Keeser, Temmuz Karali, Boris Papazov, Alkomiet Hasan, Andrea Schmitt, Irina Papazova, Moritz Lembeck, Dusan Hirjak, Eliska Sykorova, Cristina E. Thieme, Susanne Muenz, Valentina Seitz, David Greska, Mattia Campana, Elias Wagner, Lisa Loehrs, Sophia Stoecklein, Birgit Ertl-Wagner, Johannes Poemsl, Astrid Roeh, Berend Malchow, Katriona Keller-Varady, Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg, Peter Falkai
Summary: This study explored the relationship between aerobic fitness and functional connectivity in individuals with schizophrenia. The results revealed associations between aerobic fitness and symptom severity, cognitive performance, and emotion recognition, mediated by specific functional connections. The findings provide new insights into the pathophysiology of schizophrenia.
EUROPEAN ARCHIVES OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Rachel M. Brouwer, Marieke Klein, Katrina L. Grasby, Hugo G. Schnack, Neda Jahanshad, Jalmar Teeuw, Sophia I. Thomopoulos, Emma Sprooten, Carol E. Franz, Nitin Gogtay, William S. Kremen, Matthew S. Panizzon, Loes M. Olde Loohuis, Christopher D. Whelan, Moji Aghajani, Clara Alloza, Dag Alanaes, Eric Artiges, Rosa Ayesa-Arriola, Gareth J. Barker, Mark E. Bastin, Elisabet Blok, Erlend Boen, Isabella A. Breukelaar, Joanna K. Bright, Elizabeth E. L. Buimer, Robin Bulow, Dara M. Cannon, Simone Ciufolini, Nicolas A. Crossley, Christienne G. Damatac, Paola Dazzan, Casper L. de Mol, Sonja M. C. de Zwarte, Sylvane Desrivieres, Covadonga M. Diaz-Caneja, Nhat Trung Doan, Katharina Dohm, Juliane H. Froehner, Janik Goltermann, Antoine Grigis, Dominik Grotegerd, Laura K. M. Han, Mathew A. Harris, Catharina A. Hartman, Sarah J. Heany, Walter Heindel, Dirk J. Heslenfeld, Sarah Hohmann, Bernd Ittermann, Philip R. Jansen, Joost Janssen, Tianye Jia, Jiyang Jiang, Christiane Jockwitz, Temmuz Karali, Daniel Keeser, Martijn G. J. C. Koevoets, Rhoshel K. Lenroot, Berend Malchow, Rene C. W. Mandl, Vicente Medel, Susanne Meinert, Catherine A. Morgan, Thomas W. Muehleisen, Leila Nabulsi, Nils Opel, Victor Ortiz-Garcia de la Foz, Bronwyn J. Overs, Marie-Laure Paillere Martinot, Ronny Redlich, Tiago Reis Marques, Jonathan Repple, Gloria Roberts, Gennady V. Roshchupkin, Nikita Setiaman, Elena Shumskaya, Frederike Stein, Gustavo Sudre, Shun Takahashi, Anbupalam Thalamuthu, Diana Tordesillas-Gutierrez, Aad van der Lugt, Neeltje E. M. van Haren, Joanna M. Wardlaw, Wei Wen, Henk-Jan Westeneng, Katharina Wittfeld, Alyssa H. Zhu, Andre Zugman, Nicola J. Armstrong, Gaia Bonfiglio, Janita Bralten, Shareefa Dalvie, Gail Davies, Marta Di Forti, Linda Ding, Gary Donohoe, Andreas J. Forstner, Javier Gonzalez-Penas, Joao P. O. F. T. Guimaraes, Georg Homuth, Jouke-Jan Hottenga, Maria J. Knol, John B. J. Kwok, Stephanie Le Hellard, Karen A. Mather, Yuri Milaneschi, Derek W. Morris, Markus M. Noethen, Sergi Papiol, Marcella Rietschel, Marcos L. Santoro, Vidar M. Steen, Jason L. Stein, Fabian Streit, Rick M. Tankard, Alexander Teumer, Dennis van 't Ent, Dennis van der Meer, Kristel R. van Eijk, Evangelos Vassos, Javier Vazquez-Bourgon, Stephanie H. Witt, Hieab H. H. Adams, Ingrid Agartz, David Ames, Katrin Amunts, Ole A. Andreassen, Celso Arango, Tobias Banaschewski, Bernhard T. Baune, Sintia I. Belangero, Arun L. W. Bokde, Dorret I. Boomsma, Rodrigo A. Bressan, Henry Brodaty, Jan K. Buitelaar, Wiepke Cahn, Svenja Caspers, Sven Cichon, Benedicto Crespo-Facorro, Simon R. Cox, Udo Dannlowski, Torbjorn Elvsashagen, Thomas Espeseth, Peter G. Falkai, Simon E. Fisher, Herta Flor, Janice M. Fullerton, Hugh Garavan, Penny A. Gowland, Hans J. Grabe, Tim Hahn, Andreas Heinz, Manon Hillegers, Jacqueline Hoare, Pieter J. Hoekstra, Mohammad A. Ikram, Andrea P. Jackowski, Andreas Jansen, Erik G. Jonsson, Rene S. Kahn, Tilo Kircher, Mayuresh S. Korgaonkar, Axel Krug, Herve Lemaitre, Ulrik F. Malt, Jean-Luc Martinot, Colm McDonald, Philip B. Mitchell, Ryan L. Muetzel, Robin M. Murray, Frauke Nees, Igor Nenadic, Jaap Oosterlaan, Roel A. Ophoff, Pedro M. Pan, Brenda W. J. H. Penninx, Luise Poustka, Perminder S. Sachdev, Giovanni A. Salum, Peter R. Schofield, Gunter Schumann, Philip Shaw, Kang Sim, Michael N. Smolka, Dan J. Stein, Julian N. Trollor, Leonard H. van den Berg, Jan H. Veldink, Henrik Walter, Lars T. Westlye, Robert Whelan, Tonya White, Margaret J. Wright, Sarah E. Medland, Barbara Franke, Paul M. Thompson, Hilleke E. Hulshoff Pol
Summary: This study identified genetic variants that affect rates of brain growth and atrophy, suggesting a link to early brain development and neurodegenerative processes. The findings provide insights into the biological pathways underlying brain development and aging, as well as their association with psychiatric disorders like depression and schizophrenia.
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Niels Hansen, Aaron Levin Juhl, Insa Maria Grenzer, Sina Hirschel, Bianca Teegen, Dirk Fitzner, Claudia Bartels, Charles Timaeus, Jens Wiltfang, Berend Malchow
Summary: This study compared patients with neural autoantibody-associated dementia (NABD) to those with Alzheimer's dementia (AD) by analyzing cognitive dysfunction progression and tau protein levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The results showed that the progression of cognitive dysfunction and tau protein levels were not significantly different between NABD and AD patients, suggesting that total tau protein in CSF may be a useful biomarker for distinguishing these two forms of dementia.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Niels Hansen, Berend Malchow, Bianca Teegen, Jens Wiltfang, Claudia Bartels
Summary: This report presents a case of neurochondrin autoimmunity associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia. The patient exhibited typical clinical and imaging features of AD, including elevated tau and ptau 181 proteins and a reduced Ass42/40 ratio in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Neurochondrin autoantibodies were detected in the patient's CSF, expanding the phenotypic spectrum of neurochondrin autoimmunity to include major cognitive disorders such as AD dementia. The onset of AD symptoms in this case may have been accelerated by the neurochondrin autoimmunity via a synergistic or negatively additive hybrid mechanism of action between neurodegeneration and autoimmunity.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism
A. Lassner, I Papazova, B. Pross, J. Scherr, J. Schoenfeld, M. Halle, B. Haller, P. Falkai, A. Hasan, A. Roeh
Summary: Endurance sports carry a higher risk of exercise addiction compared to other physical activities. This study evaluated the risk of exercise addiction among amateur marathon runners and investigated its relationship with fitness measures, affect, and general level of functioning.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORT AND EXERCISE PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Andrea Schmitt, Laura Tatsch, Alisa Vollhardt, Thomas Schneider-Axmann, Florian J. Raabe, Lukas Roell, Helmut Heinsen, Patrick R. Hof, Peter Falkai, Christoph Schmitz
Summary: This study utilized stereology to investigate the numbers and densities of different cell types in the brains of individuals with schizophrenia. The results indicated a reduction in oligodendrocytes in the CA4 region in schizophrenia patients, which was absent in the control group.
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
David Popovic, Peter Falkai
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daniel Perez-Rodriguez, Maria Aranzazu Penedo, Tania Rivera-Baltanas, Tonatiuh Pena-Centeno, Susanne Burkhardt, Andre Fischer, Jose M. Prieto-Gonzalez, Jose Manuel Olivares, Hugo Lopez-Fernandez, Roberto Carlos Agis-Balboa
Summary: Schizophrenia is a serious mental disorder treated with antipsychotic medication. Treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) refers to the condition where symptoms persist despite drug intervention, resulting in long-term functional and social impairments. This study aims to identify a microRNA signature for TRS and explore the molecular pathways involved in this severe condition.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Anna Antoniou, Loic Auderset, Lalit Kaurani, Eva Sebastian, Yuzhou Zeng, Maria Allahham, Silvia Cases-Cunillera, Susanne Schoch, Jan Gruendemann, Andre Fischer, Anja Schneider
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a role in cellular communication through the delivery of microRNAs (miRNAs) that regulate gene expression. This study demonstrates that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) facilitates the sorting and delivery of specific miRNAs in neuron-derived EVs, leading to increased excitatory synapse formation and synaptic transmission. The differential expression of genes related to development and synaptogenesis, predicted targets of these miRNAs, further supports their role in modulating neural circuit connectivity. These findings contribute to a better understanding of neuropsychiatric disorders associated with aberrant neural circuitry.
Editorial Material
Psychiatry
Andrea Fiorillo, Antonio Ventriglio, Gaia Sampogna, Peter Falkai
INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ricardo Castro-Hernandez, Tea Berulava, Maria Metelova, Robert Epple, Tonatiuh Pena Centeno, Julia Richter, Lalit Kaurani, Ranjit Pradhan, M. Sadman Sakib, Susanne Burkhardt, Momchil Ninov, Katherine E. Bohnsack, Markus T. Bohnsack, Ivana Delalle, Andre Fischer
Summary: This study used methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing to investigate the role of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) in synaptic plasticity during cognitive decline. It was found that m6A levels decrease in aged animals and Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. Common m6A changes were observed in transcripts related to synaptic function, and reduced m6A levels were shown to impair synaptic protein synthesis and function. These findings suggest that m6A RNA methylation plays a role in cognitive decline associated with aging and AD.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Fanny Senner, Thomas Schneider-Axmann, Lalit Kaurani, Joerg Zimmermann, Jens Wiltfang, Martin von Hagen, Thomas Vogl, Carsten Spitzer, Simon Senner, Eva C. Schulte, Max Schmauss, Sabrina K. Schaupp, Jens Reimer, Daniela Reich-Erkelenz, Sergi Papiol, Mojtaba Oraki Kohshour, Fabian U. Lang, Carsten Konrad, Sophie-Kathrin Kirchner, Janos L. Kalman, Georg Juckel, Maria Heilbronner, Urs Heilbronner, Christian Figge, Ruth E. Eyl, Detlef Dietrich, Monika Budde, Ion-George Angelescu, Kristina Adorjan, Andrea Schmitt, Andre Fischer, Peter Falkai, Thomas G. Schulze
Summary: Cognitive deficits, a core symptom of schizophrenia, significantly contribute to poor outcomes. Early life stress has a negative impact on cognition in both schizophrenia patients and healthy controls, but the mediating factors are not well understood. Therefore, this study investigated the relationship between early life stress, education, symptom burden, and cognitive performance.
SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH-COGNITION
(2023)