Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Juan Zhang, Mingyuan Zhang
Summary: A novel seismic robustness computational methodology is proposed for community building portfolio (CBP) coupled with lifeline networks based on probability-cloud model. This method consists of three interrelated submodels, respectively, the building fragility analysis model of the main subsystem CPB, the water supply network (WSN) hydraulic simulation analysis model of the secondary subsystem WSN, and the probability-cloud model. The proposed method can be used to predict the seismic robustness of hierarchical systems and provides a qualitative and quantitative integrated analysis of the robustness of CBP coupled with WSN. The research outcomes can provide a useful reference for the seismic robustness analysis of CBP coupled with WSN.
COMPUTER-AIDED CIVIL AND INFRASTRUCTURE ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Timothy Fraser
Summary: This study developed new social capital and social vulnerability indices for 1741 municipalities in Japan using publicly available data, allowing scholars and policymakers to evaluate specific communities, compare across multiple communities, model their effect on outcomes, and better prepare for future disasters.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Gina M. Wimp, Shannon M. Murphy
Summary: The study found that species with different resource requirements had divergent responses to habitat edges, leading to changes in community composition, rather than species richness.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Enes Yildirim, Craig Just, Ibrahim Demir
Summary: Flood risk assessment plays an important role in identifying at-risk communities and supporting mitigation decisions. This study conducted a large-scale flood risk assessment in various communities in Iowa, using extensive flood maps and parcel datasets. The results highlight the higher risk of direct flood losses in eastern Iowa communities and propose a flood risk score methodology for prioritizing mitigation efforts.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
(2022)
Article
Geography
Rike Stotten, Markus Schermer, Geoff A. Wilson
Summary: The study found that tourism in the European Alps, particularly in rural areas, relies on farming to preserve the landscape. It also revealed that different development pathways in communities can lead to similar economic, structural, and political lock-ins that reinforce path dependencies.
JOURNAL OF RURAL STUDIES
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Philipp Wendering, Zoran Nikoloski
Summary: The composition and functions of microbial communities have significant effects on important traits in various hosts. However, understanding how individual microbe metabolism is influenced by community composition and metabolite leakage is lacking. This study presents a consensus-based approach for improving the quality of draft metabolic reconstructions and proposes a method called COMMIT for gap filling in microbial communities. By applying COMMIT to soil communities, the researchers were able to reduce the gap-filling solution without affecting genomic support. The metabolic interactions identified in the soil communities allowed for the identification of microbes with community roles of helpers and beneficiaries. Therefore, COMMIT offers a versatile and fully automated solution for modeling microbial communities in different biotechnological applications.
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Takehiro Sasaki, Naohiro I. Ishii, Daichi Makishima, Rui Sutou, Akihito Goto, Yutaka Kawai, Hayami Taniguchi, Kunihiro Okano, Ayumi Matsuo, Alfred Lochner, Simone Cesarz, Yoshihisa Suyama, Kouki Hikosaka, Nico Eisenhauer
Summary: This study provides observational evidence that plant and microbial community composition, rather than diversity, are crucial for sustaining multifunctionality in subalpine moorlands. Furthermore, plant and bacterial beta diversity enhance the dissimilarity of moorland multifunctionality.
JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Soil Science
Jeff Rutan, Noah Rosenzweig, Kurt Steinke
Summary: The utilization of cover crops before planting corn can increase plant diversity and affect soil bacterial communities, but the impact varies depending on factors such as cover crop type and nitrogen fertilizer management. The inclusion of slowly-available organic N in a well-balanced fertility program may help stabilize the effects of inorganic N fertilizer on soil bacterial communities.
SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Jimin Gim, Sangjoon Shin
Summary: This study examines the impact of vulnerability, hazards, and community resilience on the wellness of disaster survivors. It finds that community resilience factors, such as social support and satisfaction with support policies, are significantly associated with survivors' wellness. Those who experienced disasters in non-capital areas have better wellness. Conflict experiences worsen survivors' wellness. The sense of community after disasters has a mixed effect on wellness. Satisfaction with government agencies' disaster response has no significant effect.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Takashi Kunito, Shota Hibino, Hirotaka Sumi, Kozue Sawada, Ho-Dong Park, Kazunari Nagaoka
Summary: We characterized the bacterial and fungal communities in forest soils using CLPP and PCR-DGGE analysis. The results showed clear separation between the O and A horizons in terms of CLPP and DGGE profiles, except for the fungal CLPP. No significant links were observed between the O and A horizons, suggesting different factors influencing the microbial communities. However, there were significant couplings between bacterial and fungal profiles within each horizon, indicating common factors shaping the communities. The potential functioning was not strongly associated with the composition of the microbial community.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Firas Gerges, Hani Nassif, Xiaolong Geng, Holly A. Michael, Michel C. Boufadel
Summary: Community resilience refers to a community's ability to survive and recover after a disaster, and evaluating resilience indices have limitations. This study utilized a Community Intrinsic Resilience Index (CIRI) to assess the resilience levels of counties in New Jersey, with results showing CIRI ranging from 63% to 80%. In the event of a flood disaster, two coastal counties were shown to have low CIRI values.
Article
Plant Sciences
Jing Guo, Boliang Wei, Jinliang Liu, David M. Eissenstat, Shuisheng Yu, Xiaofei Gong, Jianguo Wu, Xiaoyong He, Mingjian Yu
Summary: Plant species identity influences soil microbial communities directly by host specificity and root exudates, and indirectly by changing soil properties. The dominance of tree species and ectomycorrhizal woody plant species accounts for more of the variation among microbial communities than pine dominance alone. These findings indicate strong linkages between woody plant composition than soil microbial diversity.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nittay Meroz, Nesli Tovi, Yael Sorokin, Jonathan Friedman
Summary: Managing and engineering microbial communities requires the ability to predict their composition. While little work has been done on predicting compositions on evolutionary timescales, this study shows that community composition typically changes during evolution, but the composition of replicate communities remains similar. These changes were also predictable, suggesting that it may be possible to forecast the evolution of microbial communities even on long timescales.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiaohang Bai, Wenwu Zhao, Jing Wang, Carla Sofia Santos Ferreira
Summary: Grassland ecosystems are crucial for global sustainable development. This study in Inner Mongolia, China, analyzed the stability of temperate grassland plant communities and found that functional diversity is more influential than species diversity. Climate factors play a significant role in community diversity and stability.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Soil Science
Anna Mazur-Paczka, Grzegorz Paczka, Joanna Kostecka, Kevin R. Butt, Marcin Jaromin, Mariola Garczynska, Agnieszka Podolak
Summary: This study investigated the species composition and abundance of earthworms in Carpathian beech woodlands, revealing the impact of different soil environments and vegetation types on earthworm communities. Invasive species may influence native earthworm species, highlighting the need for further research to confirm these effects.