Article
Ergonomics
Jennifer M. Cori, Luke A. Downey, Tracey L. Sletten, Caroline J. Beatty, Brook A. Shiferaw, Shamsi Shekari Soleimanloo, Sophie Turner, Aqsa Naqvi, Maree Barnes, Jonny Kuo, Michael G. Lenne, Clare Anderson, Andrew J. Tucker, Alexander P. Wolkow, Anna Clark, Shantha M. W. Rajaratnam, Mark E. Howard
Summary: Extending the major rest break between shifts to 11 hours significantly increases sleep duration and has a modest positive impact on driver alertness and performance. However, lane departures per hour were increased under the 11-hour rest condition.
ACCIDENT ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION
(2021)
Article
Nursing
Jinsol Seong, Sungtaek Son, Ari Min
Summary: This study aimed to identify patterns of declining alertness among fixed night shift nurses using an objective measure and to determine the effect of sleep parameters on this decline. The results showed that alertness scores of these nurses constantly dropped during their working hours, and sleep parameters played a role in this decline.
JOURNAL OF ADVANCED NURSING
(2022)
Article
Ergonomics
Kamila Nowak, Barbara Lukomska
Summary: This study investigated the effects of shift work on sleep, health behaviors, and cognitive functions of Polish rescue service workers. Paramedics working 12-hour shifts showed lower average sleep duration and quality, and fewer health behaviors compared to firefighters and daytime workers. However, no differences were found in cognitive test performance among the groups.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND ERGONOMICS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Indira Gurubhagavatula, Laura K. Barger, Christopher M. Barnes, Mathias Basner, Diane B. Boivin, Drew Dawson, Christopher L. Drake, Erin E. Flynn-Evans, Vincent Mysliwiec, P. Daniel Patterson, Kathryn J. Reid, Charles Samuels, Nita Lewis Shattuck, Uzma Kazmi, Gerard Carandang, Jonathan L. Heald, Hans P. A. Van Dongen
Summary: To effectively balance operational demands and manage fatigue-related risks, designing a shift decision-making process requires recognizing factors contributing to fatigue and fatigue-related risks, understanding evidence-based measures to reduce fatigue and related risks, and selecting workplace-specific strategies for managing work hours.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Indira Gurubhagavatula, Laura K. Barger, Christopher M. Barnes, Mathias Basner, Diane B. Boivin, Drew Dawson, Christopher L. Drake, Erin E. Flynn-Evans, Vincent Mysliwiec, P. Daniel Patterson, Kathryn J. Reid, Charles Samuels, Nita Lewis Shattuck, Uzma Kazmi, Gerard Carandang, Jonathan L. Heald, Hans P. A. Van Dongen
Summary: Managing risks associated with fatigue requires a scientific approach, including recognizing factors contributing to fatigue, understanding evidence-based countermeasures, and selecting workplace-specific strategies for managing work hours.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Prerna Varma, Svetlana Postnova, Andrew J. K. Phillips, Stuart Knock, Mark E. Howard, Shantha M. W. Rajaratnam, Tracey L. Sletten
Summary: Sleep disturbances and circadian disruption have significant impacts on the health, safety, and performance of shift workers. This study tested the feasibility of using biomathematical models to personalize interventions for shift-working nurses, and found that the Model of Arousal Dynamics had better adherence and improvement in sleep quality compared to the Phillips-Robinson Model. Using biomathematical models for sleep recommendations in operational contexts shows promise.
JOURNAL OF SLEEP RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Wan-Ju Cheng, Liang-Wen Hang, Tomohide Kubo, Paivi Vanttola, Sheng-Che Huang
Summary: The study aimed to examine the effect of sleep timing intervention on sleep quality, attention, and sleepiness at work among night shift workers with shift work disorder. The results showed that participants had longer sleep duration, higher sleep quality, shorter reaction times, and fewer lapses during evening sleep schedules compared to morning sleep schedules. The differences between sleep schedules were most prominent among those with late chronotypes.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Antonella DAlleva, Angela Coco, Gilda Pelusi, Chiara Gatti, Pietro Bussotti, David Lazzari, Massimo Bracci, Andrea Minelli, Beatrice Gasperini, Emilia Prospero
Summary: This cross-sectional study examined the relationship between work motivation and occupational health among Italian healthcare workers. The findings suggest that autonomous motivation is positively associated with general health and work satisfaction, while controlled motivation, demotivation, and external regulation are associated with burnout indicators. The study also identified certain job-related and demographic factors that affect occupational health.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Francisco G. Vital-Lopez, Thomas J. Balkin, Jaques Reifman
Summary: The study developed and validated mathematical models predicting sleep latency and duration, providing insights on the impact of small shifts in sleep onset timing on sleep duration. The models showed low prediction errors and can be applied to enhance performance, safety, and sustainability in civilian and military operations.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jennifer M. Cori, Christopher Gordon, Melinda L. Jackson, Allison Collins, Rohit Philip, David Stevens, Aqsa Naqvi, Ruth Hosking, Clare Anderson, Maree Barnes, Mark E. Howard, Andrew Vakulin
Summary: The study found that older individuals with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) were less susceptible to fatigue-related driving impairment compared to younger individuals when assessed in nighttime after extended wakefulness. Further research is needed to determine if this also applies to various challenging driving scenarios.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Xin Zhang, Xuesong Dai, Jing Jiao, Shih-Yu Lee
Summary: This study investigated the sleep-wake characteristics and their impact on work performance in female shift work nurses. It revealed that fatigue and circadian desynchronization were prevalent among female nurses, especially those on a 12-hour shift. The findings suggest the need for a CAR-friendly shift work schedule to minimize the negative effects of circadian misalignment.
ANNALS OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Oystein Vedaa, Ingebjorg Louise Rockwell Djupedal, Erling Svensen, Siri Waage, Bjorn Bjorvatn, Stale Pallesen, Stein Atle Lie, Morten Nielsen, Anette Harris
Summary: This study is the first randomized controlled trial to compare the effects of a work schedule without quick returns with a schedule that maintains quick returns. The aim is to investigate the impact of quick returns on healthcare workers, and the results will be disseminated to relevant stakeholders.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Indira Gurubhagavatula, Laura K. Barger, Christopher M. Barnes, Mathias Basner, Diane B. Boivin, Drew Dawson, Christopher L. Drake, Erin E. Flynn-Evans, Vincent Mysliwiec, P. Daniel Patterson, Kathryn J. Reid, Charles Samuels, Nita Lewis Shattuck, Uzma Kazmi, Gerard Carandang, Jonathan L. Heald, Hans P. A. Van Dongen
Summary: Historically, risks associated with fatigue during work shifts have been managed through fixed time arrangements, but these traditional methods are not sufficient to mitigate the risks to performance, safety, and health caused by fatigue. Science-based approaches are necessary to determine shift duration and mitigate associated risks effectively while balancing operational demands.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL SLEEP MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Hyerin Gu, Jooyoung Lee, Yunjee Hwang, Jichul Kim, Somi Lee, Seog Ju Kim
Summary: This study investigated burnout and associated factors in different types of shift workers. The findings showed that both types of shift workers had higher levels of exhaustion, cynicism, and poor professional efficacy compared to non-shift workers. Among shift workers, those with irregular shifts had higher levels of exhaustion and poor professional efficacy than those with regular rotating shifts.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Bo Min Jeon, Su Hyun Kim
Summary: This study aimed to assess the influence of working time and work characteristics on sleep disturbance among night-shift workers. The findings showed that extended work, higher workload, and emotional work demands were significant factors for sleep disturbance among night-shift workers.
Article
Neurosciences
Danielle L. Wilson, Alison M. Fung, Hannah Skrzypek, Gabrielle Pell, Maree Barnes, Mark E. Howard, Susan P. Walker
Summary: A significant number of unexplained stillbirths in Australia have led to research on the potential role of nocturnal maternal behaviors in contributing to stillbirth. This study investigated the impact of sleep-related behaviors, such as sleep position and sleep-disordered breathing, on fetuses overnight in uncomplicated pregnancies and those at increased risk due to hypertensive disorders or fetal growth restriction. The findings suggest that changes in body position during sleep may be associated with fetal heart rate events, particularly in hypertensive pregnancies, but there was no causal relationship between maternal sleeping position, snoring, or respiratory events and abnormal fetal heart rate.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Charissa J. Zaga, Sue Berney, Graham Hepworth, Tanis S. Cameron, Sonia Baker, Charles Giddings, Mark E. Howard, Rinaldo Bellomo, Adam P. Vogel
Summary: This study aims to investigate and provide baseline data and associations between tracheostomy clinical practices and patient outcomes in three large metropolitan hospitals and explore the impact of earlier nonverbal communication and interventions targeting the reduction in tracheostomy-related adverse events. The results showed that most outcomes were comparable with previous international and local studies, and further exploration of nonverbal communication and interventions targeting the reduction in tracheostomy-related adverse events is warranted.
AUSTRALIAN CRITICAL CARE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Sumedha Verma, Nina Quin, Laura Astbury, Cornelia Wellecke, Joshua F. Wiley, Margot Davey, Shantha M. W. Rajaratnam, Bei Bei
Summary: This study compared the efficacy of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and light dark therapy (LDT) with treatment-as-usual (TAU) in reducing postpartum insomnia symptoms. The results showed that both CBT and LDT were effective in reducing insomnia symptoms, with sustained improvements at follow-up.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Respiratory System
Mark E. Howard, Anna Ridgers
Article
Clinical Neurology
Anthony J. Hand, Julia E. Stone, Lin Shen, Celine Vetter, Sean W. Cain, Bei Bei, Andrew J. K. Phillips
Summary: This study explores the relationship between sleep and light regularity in adolescents. New metrics for light regularity were developed and tested. The findings suggest that irregular sleep patterns are associated with irregular light inputs, potentially contributing to circadian disruption.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Marie-Antoinette Spina, Thomas Andrillon, Nina Quin, Joshua F. Wiley, Shantha M. W. Rajaratnam, Bei Bei
Summary: This study aimed to investigate whether monitoring sleep using wearable devices and providing support for interpretation of sensor-based sleep data improved insomnia symptoms or impacted sleep-wake state discrepancy. The results showed that the intervention group had lower insomnia severity and sleep disturbance compared to the control group. However, there were no significant differences in sleep-wake state discrepancy.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Clare Anderson, Anna W. T. Cai, Michael L. Lee, William J. Horrey, Yulan Liang, Conor S. O'Brien, Charles A. Czeisler, Mark E. Howard
Summary: This study aimed to examine whether drivers are aware of sleepiness and associated symptoms, and how subjective reports predict driving impairment and physiological drowsiness. The results showed that drivers are aware of sleepiness, and many self-reported sleepiness symptoms predicted subsequent driving impairment and physiological drowsiness.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Mark E. Czeisler, Alexander P. Wolkow, Charles A. Czeisler, Mark E. Howard, Shantha M. W. Rajaratnam, Rashon Lane
Summary: This study aimed to characterize the demographic, employment, and sleep characteristics associated with occupational burnout symptoms and evaluate their relationships with adherence to COVID-19 prevention behaviors. The findings showed that individuals with occupational burnout symptoms were less likely to engage in COVID-19 prevention behaviors.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Megan Mulhall, Kyle Wilson, Shiyan Yang, Jonny Kuo, Tracey Sletten, Clare Anderson, Mark E. Howard, Shantha Rajaratnam, Michelle Magee, Allison Collins, Michael G. Lenne
Summary: This study examined the prevalence of driver distraction in naturalistic driving when implementing Euro NCAP-defined distraction behaviors. Results showed that single long distraction events were the most common, and different thresholds for driving-related and driving-unrelated glance regions impacted alerting rates. Lizard glances, which require gaze tracking, occurred more frequently than owl glances, indicating that less sophisticated DSM may miss many distraction events. This research has implications for OEMs, DSM manufacturers, and regulators in predicting alerting rates of Euro NCAP-defined distraction behaviors.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Meagan E. Crowther, William J. Saunders, Tracey L. Sletten, Sean P. A. Drummond, Bei Bei
Summary: Cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) is considered the front-line treatment for insomnia. This review summarizes the literature on tailoring CBT-I to different individuals and identifies gaps in research methodology and treatment development process. It highlights the need to evaluate the benefits of adaptations in CBT-I and involve consumers and stakeholders throughout the process.
JOURNAL OF SLEEP RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Prerna Varma, Svetlana Postnova, Andrew J. K. Phillips, Stuart Knock, Mark E. Howard, Shantha M. W. Rajaratnam, Tracey L. Sletten
Summary: Sleep disturbances and circadian disruption have significant impacts on the health, safety, and performance of shift workers. This study tested the feasibility of using biomathematical models to personalize interventions for shift-working nurses, and found that the Model of Arousal Dynamics had better adherence and improvement in sleep quality compared to the Phillips-Robinson Model. Using biomathematical models for sleep recommendations in operational contexts shows promise.
JOURNAL OF SLEEP RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biology
Shadab A. Rahman, Rose M. Gathungu, Vasant R. Marur, Melissa A. St. Hilaire, Karine Scheuermaier, Marina Belenky, Jackson S. Struble, Charles A. Czeisler, Steven W. Lockley, Elizabeth B. Klerman, Jeanne F. Duffy, Bruce S. Kristal
Summary: In this study, it was found that aging affects the peripheral circadian rhythmicity in the plasma lipidome. Aging individuals showed a decrease in amplitude and an earlier acrophase of lipid circadian rhythms compared to younger individuals. These findings suggest that aging alters the temporal relationship between central and lipid rhythms.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Jade M. Murray, Michelle Magee, Emma S. Giliberto, Lauren A. Booker, Andrew J. Tucker, Beth Galaska, Sara M. Sibenaller, Sharon A. Baer, Svetlana Postnova, Thijs A. C. Sondag, Andrew J. K. Phillips, Tracey L. Sletten, Mark E. Howard, Shantha M. W. Rajaratnam
Summary: The study aimed to test the performance, engagement, and usability of a mobile app (SleepSync) for personalized sleep-wake management in shift workers. Results showed significant improvements in total sleep time, ability to fall asleep, sleep quality, insomnia, sleep hygiene, sleep-related impairments, anxiety, and stress. Users rated the app positively in terms of engagement and usability.
Article
Respiratory System
Nicole L. Sheers, Mark E. Howard, Peter D. Rochford, Linda Rautela, Caroline Chao, Douglas A. Mckim, David J. Berlowitz
Summary: This study evaluated the effect of regular lung volume recruitment (LVR) on respiratory function and quality of life in adults with neuromuscular disease (NMD). The results showed that regular LVR increased maximum insufflation capacity (MIC) in the participants, but there was no direct evidence that it modified respiratory mechanics or slowed the rate of lung volume decline.
ANNALS OF THE AMERICAN THORACIC SOCIETY
(2023)