Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jiaxing Jason Qin, Peyman Obeidy, Mustafa Gok, Alireza Gholipour, Stuart M. M. Grieve
Summary: The current intervention guidelines for BAV-associated AAo dilatation are not accurate predictors of clinical outcomes. This review examines the relationship between WSS and aortopathy in the BAV population, aiming to identify better biomarkers for risk stratification. The review includes 26 studies that demonstrate the elevated WSS magnitude and circumferential WSS in BAV patients, highlighting the potential of WSS as a valid biomarker for BAV aortopathy.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Edward Ferdian, David J. Dubowitz, Charlene A. Mauger, Alan Wang, Alistair A. Young
Summary: Wall shear stress (WSS) is an important factor in vessel wall remodeling and atherosclerosis. The accuracy of WSS estimation from 4D Flow MRI is limited by spatial resolution. To address this, researchers have developed a deep learning algorithm (WSSNet) trained on aortic computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. The results show that WSSNet accurately estimates WSS and performs better than existing methods.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Raghuvir Jonnagiri, Elias Sundstrom, Ephraim Gutmark, Shae Anderson, Amol S. Pednekar, Michael D. Taylor, Justin T. Tretter, Iris Gutmark-Little
Summary: The aim of this study was to assess the association between valve morphology and vortical structures, and examine the impact of valve morphology/orientation on the susceptibility of the aorta to shear stress. The study analyzed data from 6 subjects and used computational fluid dynamics to compare the results with in vivo shear stress data. The findings revealed that tricuspid aortic valves had more vortical flow structures than functionally bicuspid aortic valves, and the location of valve fusion influenced shear stress distribution.
MEDICAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERING & COMPUTING
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Simon Schmidt, Sebastian Flassbeck, Sonja Schmelter, Ellen Schmeyer, Mark E. Ladd, Sebastian Schmitter
Summary: The study examined how displacement artifacts in 4D flow measurements impact the accuracy of WSS estimates. Different timing schemes were used, with FAST leading to underestimation of WSS values and ECHO resulting in biased values within the stenosis. Computational fluid dynamics simulations showed that the bias in WSS due to displacement artifacts increases with higher spatial resolutions.
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Sergio Pirola, Selene Pirola, Giorgio Mastroiacovo, Alice Bonomi, Emily L. Manchester, Serena M. Fisichella, Riccardo Maragna, Andrea Baggiano, Saima Mushtaq, Giuseppe Muscogiuri, Marco Guglielmo, Xiao Yun Xu, Gianluca Pontone, Gianluca Polvani
Summary: This study compares the wall shear stress (WSS) of the ascending aorta in patients undergoing aortic valve neocuspidalization and those undergoing aortic valve replacement (AVR). The results demonstrate that patients undergoing aortic valve neocuspidalization have significantly lower WSS in the ascending aorta, potentially due to the hemodynamical features of this surgery.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CARDIO-THORACIC SURGERY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Pawel Banka, Maciej Wybraniec, Tomasz Bochenek, Bartosz Gruchlik, Aleksandra Burchacka, Andrzej Swinarew, Katarzyna Mizia-Stec
Summary: This article summarizes the current research progress on high shear stress-induced hemostatic disorders, the influence of AS on platelets, and the development of antiplatelet therapy.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Johannes Petersen, Alexander Lenz, Gerhard Adam, Hermann Reichenspurner, Peter Bannas, Evaldas Girdauskas
Summary: Comparing asymmetric and symmetric bicuspid aortic valve repair, the study found that symmetric repair leads to more physiological flow patterns and significantly reduces wall shear stress. Asymmetric repair, on the other hand, increases wall shear stress in the aorta.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CARDIO-THORACIC SURGERY
(2021)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Omer Mansoor, Julio Garcia
Summary: This review examines the role of 4D-flow imaging in assessing abnormal blood flow in BAV and AS and its clinical application in cardiac magnetic resonance imaging.
JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR DEVELOPMENT AND DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Savine C. S. Minderhoud, Jolien W. Roos-Hesselink, Raluca G. Chelu, Lidia R. Bons, Allard T. van den Hoven, Suze-Anne Korteland, Annemien E. van den Bosch, Ricardo P. J. Budde, Jolanda J. Wentzel, Alexander Hirsch
Summary: This study compared the distribution of aortic wall shear stress (WSS) between patients with bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) and healthy controls, and found that the WSS angle was associated with aortic dilation in BAV patients. These findings are important for stratifying BAV patients at risk for aortic dilation.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL-CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING
(2022)
Review
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Mitch J. F. G. Ramaekers, Jos J. M. Westenberg, Bouke P. Adriaans, Estelle C. Nijssen, Joachim E. Wildberger, Hildo J. Lamb, Simon Schalla
Summary: Four-dimensional flow magnetic resonance imaging is a promising technique for diagnosing and stratifying the risk of aortic disease. This review aims to provide clinicians with a guide to the basics of flow imaging, commonly used flow-related parameters, and their relevance in the context of aortic disease.
INSIGHTS INTO IMAGING
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Pascal Corso, Jonas Walheim, Hannes Dillinger, George Giannakopoulos, Utku Gulan, Christos Emmanouil Frouzakis, Sebastian Kozerke, Markus Holzner
Summary: This study investigated the agreement between 4D flow MRI measurements and DNS, as well as proposed alternative methods for accurate estimation of WSS under limited flow measurement resolution. Results showed good agreement between MRI and DNS for velocity and Reynolds stresses, and the proposed methods provided better performance for WSS estimation compared to the standard approach. The performance of the models was not strongly affected by spatial resolution.
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Gilles Soulat, Michael B. Scott, Bradley D. Allen, Ryan Avery, Robert O. Bonow, S. Chris Malaisrie, Patrick McCarthy, Paul W. M. Fedak, Alex J. Barker, Michael Markl
Summary: This study evaluated the predictive role of wall shear stress (WSS) in the growth of the ascending aorta (AAo). It found that higher rates of AAo dilation were associated with larger areas of elevated WSS in patients with bicuspid aortic valve (BAV), suggesting that measuring WSS can help identify BAV patients who require closer follow-up.
JACC-CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Andrea Guala, Lydia Dux-Santoy, Gisela Teixido-Tura, Aroa Ruiz-Munoz, Laura Galian-Gay, Maria Luz Servato, Filipa Valente, Laura Gutierrez, Teresa Gonzalez-Alujas, Kevin M. Johnson, Oliver Wieben, Guillem Casas-Masnou, Augusto Sao Aviles, Ruben Fernandez-Galera, Ignacio Ferreira-Gonzalez, Arturo Evangelista, Jose F. Rodriguez-Palomares
Summary: This study assessed the predictive value of wall shear stress (WSS) for the growth rate (GR) of the ascending aorta (AAo) in patients with bicuspid aortic valve (BAV). The results showed a positive correlation between WSS and its circumferential component with AAo GR. Therefore, the evaluation of WSS may be helpful in the follow-up of these patients.
JACC-CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fanny Lassalle, Mickael Rosa, Bart Staels, Eric Van Belle, Sophie Susen, Annabelle Dupont
Summary: Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has revolutionized the treatment of severe aortic valve stenosis (AVS) and is considered an alternative to open heart surgery. TAVR has shown good prognosis for patients, but is still associated with postprocedural complications like bleeding or thrombosis. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the impact of TAVR on monocyte phenotype and subset distribution and their association with clinical outcomes in patients with severe AVS who underwent TAVR.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Pim van Ooij, Emile S. Farag, Carmen P. S. Blanken, Aart J. Nederveen, Maarten Groenink, R. Nils Planken, S. Matthijs Boekholdt
Summary: This study demonstrates a fully quantitative and three-dimensional approach to map and quantify abnormal velocity and wall shear stress in patients with bicuspid aortic valve, providing new insights for hemodynamic characterization in BAV disease. Abnormal velocity and WSS in the ascending aorta are moderately correlated with vorticity scores, while abnormal velocity and WSS in the proximal descending aorta are higher in patients with repaired coarctation.
JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE
(2021)