Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Hoang D. Le, Anh T. Pham
Summary: Free space optical (FSO) communication is a technology that can deliver high-speed data services over long distances without depleting radio frequency (RF) resources. However, FSO communication faces limitations and challenges such as atmospheric turbulence, clouds, weather conditions, and pointing misalignment. This paper focuses on link-layer error-control solutions, specifically reviewing state-of-the-art retransmission protocols in various FSO communication scenarios and discussing cross-layer design frameworks.
IEEE COMMUNICATIONS SURVEYS AND TUTORIALS
(2022)
Article
Telecommunications
Suresh Kumar, Payal
Summary: The study evaluated the performance of Coherent Optical OFDM FSO communication link under different weather conditions, considering moderate turbulent environment and geometric losses. The system performs optimally in clear weather conditions, reaching up to 26 km, but shows decreased performance in rainy and foggy conditions.
WIRELESS PERSONAL COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Somia A. Abd El-Mottaleb, Ahmed Metwalli, Mostafa Hassib, Abdelrahman A. Alfikky, Heba A. Fayed, Moustafa H. Aly
Summary: This paper investigates the performance of FSO communication using SAC-OCDMA systems in different weather scenarios, proposing the use of enhanced double weight codes as signature codes. Through comparing different detection schemes and detector types, as well as analyzing performance evaluation metrics, the results show a 30% improvement in system performance when using SPD detection technique.
OPTICAL AND QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Mehtab Singh, Somia A. Abd El-Mottaleb, Hassan Yousif Ahmed, Medien Zeghid, Kottakkaran Sooppy Nisar, Ameenah N. Al-Ahmadi, Mona Mahmoud
Summary: This paper presents a new FSO system based on the combination of OFDM and OCDMA systems. Three OCDMA channels carry 20 Gbps each, modulated by 4-level QAM and OFDM. The proposed system considers severe climate conditions and actual meteorological data for evaluation. Successful transmission with an overall capacity of 60 Gbps over a 3600 m FSO range is achieved in Alexandria, with a -0.06 ROP in Pune.
ALEXANDRIA ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Airton F. G. Junior, Claisso P. Azzolin, Claudio A. R. Castillo, Vitor G. A. Carneiro
Summary: This paper analyzes the availability of a free-space optical (FSO) communication link between a maritime platform and a land base. The impact of laser beam misalignment caused by the vessel's six oscillatory motions in a seaway is considered. The hydrodynamic system is modeled using a ship's response amplitude operator (RAO) under typical sea-state conditions. Finally, the link availability is calculated based on FSO losses considering a Gaussian power distribution beam.
JOURNAL OF OPTICAL COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Harjeevan Singh, Rajan Miglani, Nitin Mittal, Surbhi Gupta, Faisel Tubbal, Raad Raad, El Mehdi Amhoud
Summary: With the increasing demand for high speed services and the rise of data-hungry frameworks like the Internet of Things, the congestion problems of the current radio-frequency regime will be further exacerbated. Free space optical (FSO) communication technology has emerged as a promising alternative to provide high-speed data access, but its performance is often limited by channel turbulence. In this study, we propose a strategically designed FSO link that can meet the needs of various applications, such as smart offices, smart houses, and Industry 4.0. Our research shows that the proposed link can achieve a forward error correction compatible bit error rate (BER) of 10(-3) at the receiver, regardless of channel turbulence and beam divergence profiles, with a reasonable signal-to-noise ratio ranging from 20.3 to 38.2 dB. The proposed link also exhibits excellent BER stability, with only a slight change in BER despite worsening channel conditions. Furthermore, we found that although an aperture size of 30 cm improves link performance compared to a 15 cm aperture, the latter is highly recommended for commercial applications due to its ability to deliver promising BER while allowing a compact design size for the receivers.
OPTICAL AND QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Carmen Alvarez-Roa, Maria Alvarez-Roa, Francisco J. Martin-Vega, Miguel Castillo-Vazquez, Thiago Raddo, Antonio Jurado-Navas
Summary: In this paper, the application of free space optical (FSO) communications, energy harvesting, and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) as key technology enablers for cost-efficient backhaul/fronthaul framework for 5G+ networks is investigated. The use of UAVs as relay nodes provides line-of-sight connectivity between base stations and core network gateways, while FSO communications offer high data rates and energy harvesting improves UAV battery life. However, the performance of FSO links is severely affected by atmospheric turbulence, atmospheric attenuation, and pointing errors.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Mehtab Singh, Jyoteesh Malhotra, M. S. Mani Rajan, D. Vigneswaran, Moustafa H. Aly
Summary: A high-speed FSO transmission system is proposed using OFDM to mitigate channel fading effects and hybridizing PDM with CO-OFDM to improve system capacity. Comparative analysis of different QAM schemes at various transmission rates shows that 4-QAM achieves the longest transmission range and lowest OSNR requirement. The impact of different climate conditions on system performance is also investigated, with successful transmission of 100 Gbps 4-QAM information at 15 km demonstrated through simulations.
ALEXANDRIA ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2021)
Review
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Omar Aboelala, It Ee Lee, Gwo Chin Chung
Summary: This paper comprehensively studies the primary objectives and needs in the near future for 5G networks, such as increased capacity, higher data rate, decreased latency, and better service quality. It highlights the design of 5G cellular networks, massive MIMO technology, and device-to-device communication. Although free-space optics (FSO) is a promising solution, it is insufficient during turbulent weather conditions. The paper conducts a systematic survey on existing projects, particularly hybrid FSO/radio frequency communication systems, to achieve optimum performance in 5G networks.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Amit Kumar Garg, Vijay Janyani, Bostjan Batagelj, N. H. Zainol Abidin, M. H. Abu Bakar
Summary: Free space optics (FSO) is gaining popularity in providing high-speed broadband services, but faces link losses in obstructive climatic conditions, while single-mode fiber (SMF) links are suitable for such situations. Therefore, a hybrid FSO/fiber optic dual-link architecture is proposed to offer more reliable data transmission in different conditions.
OPTICAL FIBER TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Jawad Mirza, Abdulah Jeza Aljohani, Aadil Raza, Saeed Iqbal, Salman Ghafoor
Summary: This paper presents a multi-hop free space optical link based on all-optical relays. By investigating the use of a self phase modulation based regenerator, the range of the link can be extended compared to simple amplifier based relay. The performance of the link is analyzed under strong turbulence through bit error rate analysis.
ALEXANDRIA ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Hai-Han Lu, Chung-Yi Li, Wen-Shing Tsai, Ru-De Lin, Yu-Sheng Tang, Yen-Xiang Chen, Yu-Shen Lin, Wei-Cheng Fan
Summary: This study proposes and successfully implements a cross-media link utilizing fiber, optical wireless, and RF wireless to transmit data in the sub-THz band of 5G NR. The link achieves high aggregate data rates, long-haul wired-wireless transmission, and low complexity.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Optics
Yufeng Shao, Ni Yu, Anrong Wang, Qing Tian, Linfang Yi, Qiming Yang, Yanlin Li, Shuanfan Liu, Jie Yuan, Renjie Zuo, Peng Chen, Chong Li
Summary: A 100Gbit/s novel full duplex free space optical access system scheme is proposed, which achieves high-speed and low bit error rate data transmission under different weather conditions by utilizing different modulation and detection technologies.
OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Optics
Paulomi Mandal, Nilanjana Sarkar, Saikat Santra, Bubai Dutta, Bibhatsu Kuiri, Khaleda Mallick, Ardhendu Sekhar Patra
Summary: This paper presents a hybrid WDM-free space optics-PON for bidirectional transmission, providing information to wired and wireless users simultaneously over long distance with enhanced fault protection capability.
OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Optics
Larry B. Stotts, Larry C. Andrews
Summary: Free-space optical communications (FSOC) is becoming a key option for high data rate networks in both atmospheric and space environments. Adaptive optics (AO) systems perform well under weak turbulence or short distances, but may offer limited performance in moderate to high turbulence, and no gain in longer ranges under high/saturation regime turbulence.
Review
Oncology
Prince Singh Rajput, Sharib Raza Khan, Preeti Singh, Pooja A. Chawla
Summary: This review summarizes various aspects of Lurbinectedin in the treatment of small cell lung cancer, including its chemical synthesis, mechanism of action, adverse reactions, and clinical trial results. The study findings suggest that Lurbinectedin inhibits tumor-related macrophages by inhibiting the active transcription of encoding genes, which has an impact on the tumor environment. It is considered a potential drug candidate for the treatment of small cell lung cancer.
ANTI-CANCER AGENTS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Dhirendra Pratap Singh, Preeti Singh, Suvasini Sharma, Satinder Aneja, Anju Seth
Summary: The study found that a large proportion of children with type 1 diabetes mellitus have subclinical peripheral neuropathy, with poor glycemic control and longer duration of diabetes being risk factors for nerve dysfunction. Neurophysiological studies are recommended for early detection in these children.
INDIAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Preeti Singh, Karanvir Attri, Deonath Mahto, Virendra Kumar, Dipti Kapoor, Anju Seth, Varinder Singh, Harish Pemde, Praveen Kumar, Ravitanaya Sodani, Ankita Goel
Summary: The study found that 8.73% of children tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Majority of children admitted with COVID-19 had severe illness due to malnutrition and comorbidities.
INDIAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Taru Goyal, Prasenjit Mitra, Preeti Singh, Shailja Sharma, Purvi Purohit, Praveen Sharma
Summary: Occupational exposure to lead and cadmium is associated with changes in immune-modulatory cytokines, potentially leading to an inflammatory response. Co-exposure to low levels of lead and cadmium may increase certain cytokine levels such as IL-4 and IL-17, suggesting a metal-induced pro-inflammatory immune response.
TOXICOLOGY AND INDUSTRIAL HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Telecommunications
Preeti Singh, Maneesha Gupta, Bhawna Aggarwal, Shireesh Kumar Rai
Summary: A new wideband high gain CMOS transimpedance amplifier is proposed in this paper, which increases both gain and bandwidth through a gain enhancing path and mathematical analysis. Simulation results show that the proposed TIA achieves high performance with small area and low power consumption.
WIRELESS PERSONAL COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Alka Agarwal, Preeti Singh, Anand Maurya, Upendra Kumar Patel, Alka Singh, Gopal Nath
Summary: A new series of ciprofloxacin conjugates containing 1,2,3-triazole were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their antimicrobial activity. Some of the conjugates showed superior activity compared to the control drug ciprofloxacin, and exhibited low hemolysis on red blood cells.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Ashley S. Nemec-Bakk, Vijayalakshmi Sridharan, Reid D. Landes, Preeti Singh, Maohua Cao, Paari Dominic, John W. Seawright, Jeffery C. Chancellor, Marjan Boerma
Summary: This study assessed the effects of oxygen ions on the heart of female mice and found that O-16 ion exposure did not result in cardiac fibrosis or dysfunction, but mild cardiac remodeling occurred.
LIFE SCIENCES IN SPACE RESEARCH
(2022)
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Peter Dornbos, Preeti Singh, Dong-Keun Jang, Anubha Mahajan, Sudha B. Biddinger, Jerome I. Rotter, Mark I. McCarthy, Jason Flannick
Summary: This study investigates the incorporation of human genetic data in exploring new links between genes and metabolic disease. To facilitate the utilization of genetic data, the authors present an approach that enables researchers to evaluate the human genetic support for experimentally determined hypotheses.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Daljeet Kaur, Tripti Sharma, Charu Madhu
Summary: Pristine ZnO, Al-doped ZnO, and TiO2 coated ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized and characterized. Al-doped ZnO exhibited the best dielectric properties, while TiO2 coated ZnO showed higher AC conductivity.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Deepa Gurung, Ujjwal Joshi, Bikash Chaudhary, Preeti Singh
Summary: Despite being a common cancer in Nepal, little is known about oral potentially malignant disorders. This study investigated the prevalence of these disorders among patients attending a tertiary care dental hospital, and found a low prevalence rate.
JOURNAL OF NEPAL MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nida Qutub, Preeti Singh, Suhail Sabir, Suresh Sagadevan, Won-Chun Oh
Summary: Photocatalytic degradation of organic contaminants in wastewater is crucial for ecological and environmental safety. CdS/TiO2 nanocomposites synthesized using a modified Chemical Precipitation technique exhibit high photocatalytic activity and decolorization rate in the degradation of AB-29 dye.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Nida Qutub, Preeti Singh, Suhail Sabir, Khalid Umar, Suresh Sagadevan, Won-Chun Oh
Summary: Photocatalytic degradation can be enhanced by improving photo-generated electrons and expanding the absorption range of light through conductive polymers. In this study, Polyaniline (PANI) was synthesized with CdS, CdS-ZnS, and CdS-TiO2 nanocomposites and evaluated for the degradation of Acid blue-29 dye. The performance of composite photocatalysts was enhanced by PANI, and the properties of the nanocomposites, including charge transfer, molar ratio, surface morphology, particle size, thermal stability, and optical properties, were characterized. The photocatalytic activity and degradation rate were found to increase with the number of nanocomposites in the membranes. CdS-ZnS-PANI and CdS-TiO2-PANI nanocomposites showed higher photocatalytic activity compared to CdS-PANI due to the improved electron kinetics and reduced charge recombination. The efficiency of the photocatalysts remained stable after repeated use, indicating their potential use for water purification. The compatibility between CdS and Zinc and TiO2, along with improved charge carrier separation, contributed to the higher photocatalytic activity of CZP and CTP photocatalytic membranes compared to CdS-PANI. The study also demonstrated the commercial utility of the nanocomposites, as they were active in the near-ultraviolet to deep infrared range and exhibited enhanced stability and reusability. Therefore, the development of high-performance photocatalysts using conductive polymers and nanocomposites holds great potential for environmental purification and solar power conversion.
Article
Pediatrics
Jagdish Chandra, Pooja Dewan, Praveen Kumar, Amita Mahajan, Preeti Singh, Bhavna Dhingra, Nita Radhakrishnan, Ratna Sharma, Mamta Manglani, Ashok Kumar Rawat, Piyush Gupta, Sunil Gomber, Sunil Bhat, Parag Gaikwad, K. E. Elizabeth, Deepak Bansal, Anand Prakash Dubey, Nitin Shah, Pranoti Kini, Amita Trehan, Kalpana Datta, G. V. Basavraja, Vineet Saxena, Remesh R. Kumar
Summary: Anemia in children is a significant public health problem in our country, with more than 50% of cases being attributed to nutritional deficiency. The prevalence of anemia in children under the age of five has increased from 59% to 67.1% over the past five years. The existing public health programs have not yielded desired results, highlighting the need for nationally accepted guidelines for the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of nutritional anemia in children.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shashank Shandilya, Charu Madhu, Vijay Kumar
Summary: The increasing demand for faster and energy efficient electronics has led to the development of more power and performance efficient integrated circuits. In order to achieve this, the overall size of the transistor needs to be scaled down to its limit, and the material of the channel being used also needs to be replaced. This study focuses on the numerical simulation and performance analysis of a 2-D nanowire FET with GAA technology, comparing the effects of different channel materials and gate oxides.
TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Jeev Jatan Sharma, Naresh Chandra Pant, Preeti Singh, Ashima Saikia
Summary: This study discusses the crystallographic controls on solid-state metamorphic reactions in the Pangong metamorphic complex, Ladakh, providing insights into the relationship between disequilibrium processes and mineral equilibrium in metamorphic rocks.
JOURNAL OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF INDIA
(2022)
