Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Mihaly Karolyi, Matthias Eberhard, Tobias Gloor, Malgorzata Polacin, Robert Manka, Vedran Savic, Andre R. Plass, Paul Robert Vogt, Hatem Alkadhi, Martin O. Schmiady
Summary: Early routine postoperative assessment of coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) with computed tomography angiography (CTA) reveals both cardiac and non-cardiac findings with a high frequency, affecting clinical management in a substantial proportion of patients.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CARDIO-THORACIC SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chloe Bernard, Marie Catherine Morgant, Aline Jazayeri, Thomas Perrin, Ghislain Malapert, Saed Jazayeri, Alain Bernard, Olivier Bouchot
Summary: During the acute phase of myocardial infarction, revascularization with angioplasty is essential and emergency surgery should be avoided if possible. The timing of surgical revascularization and the patient's preoperative state are important factors that influence the mortality rate.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Donald S. Likosky, Raymond J. Strobel, Xiaoting Wu, Robert S. Kramer, Baron L. Hamman, James K. Brevig, Michael P. Thompson, Amir A. Ghaferi, Min Zhang, Eric J. Lehr
Summary: This study evaluated whether interhospital variation in mortality rates for coronary artery bypass grafting was driven by complications and failure to rescue. The study found a positive correlation between hospital failure to rescue rates and complications, suggesting that early recognition and management of complications are important factors in improving the success of coronary artery bypass grafting.
JOURNAL OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Yuchen Gao, Xiaojie Liu, Lijuan Wang, Sudena Wang, Yang Yu, Yao Ding, Jingcan Wang, Hushan Ao
Summary: Machine learning methods were found to predict postoperative major bleeding after cardiac surgery successfully, with greater performance compared to previous scoring models. Modern machine learning models may enhance the identification of high-risk major bleeding subpopulations.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Tzu-Hsiang Lin, Chi-Wei Wang, Ching-Hui Shen, Keng-Hao Chang, Chih-Hung Lai, Tsun-Jui Liu, Kuan-Ju Chen, Yu-Wei Chen, Wen-Lieng Lee, Chieh-Shou Su
Summary: The study found that in real-world practice, robotic-assisted CABG (R-CABG) for patients with multivessel coronary artery disease (MVD) was associated with lower in-hospital and long-term mortalities compared to conventional CABG (C-CABG). However, there were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of target lesion revascularization, target vessel revascularization, myocardial infarction, and stroke.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Matiullah Masroor, Ashfaq Ahmad, Yixuan Wang, Nianguo Dong
Summary: Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is the standard surgical procedure for treating multivessel and left main coronary artery disease. Ensuring graft patency during and after CABG surgery is crucial to prevent complications. Technical errors during anastomosis are a leading cause of early graft failure. Various techniques and modalities have been developed to evaluate graft patency and address any issues before they become significant. This review article aims to discuss the strengths and limitations of these techniques to identify the best modality for assessing graft patency during and after CABG surgery.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kok Wai Giang, Anders Jeppsson, Martin Karlsson, Emma C. Hansson, Aldina Pivodic, Ingmar Skoog, Martin Lindgren, Susanne J. Nielsen
Summary: Overall, the long-term risk for all-cause dementia does not differ significantly between CABG patients and the general population. Younger patients have a higher risk compared to controls, while older patients have a lower risk.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Kiran Sarathy, George A. Wells, Kuljit Singh, Etienne Couture, Aun Yeong Chong, Fraser Rubens, Marie Lordkipanidze, Jean-Francois Tanguay, Derek So
Summary: For patients with acute coronary syndromes requiring coronary artery bypass surgery, a more potent antiplatelet regimen may reduce mortality rates. There are potential clinical benefits in terms of platelet quiescence.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Michele Gallo, David Blitzer, Pietro L. Laforgia, Ilias P. Doulamis, Nils Perrin, Giacomo Bortolussi, Alvise Guariento, Alessandro Putzu
Summary: The study compared the outcomes of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with drug-eluting stents and coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) for left main coronary artery disease. Results showed that PCI and CABG did not have significant differences in early or 5-year mortality, but exhibited varying rates of stroke, myocardial infarction, and repeat revascularization.
JOURNAL OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Samir B. Pancholy, Gaurav A. Patel, Neil R. Patel, Dhara D. Patel, Purveshkumar Patel, Stuti M. Pandya, Anshul A. Verma, Sanjay C. Shah, Mamas A. Mamas, Tejas M. Patel
Summary: The study observed an increasing trend of adverse outcomes after elective PCI in the contemporary era, with a rise in the incidence of ECABG, comorbidities, and overall in-hospital mortality. The study also noted a higher unadjusted in-hospital mortality rate in elective PCI procedures performed at facilities without on-site CABG. The ECABG risk score, developed using preprocedural variables, demonstrated good performance in predicting patients at higher risk of ECABG.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Sigrid E. Sandner, Terrence John Donovan, Stav Edelstein, John D. Puskas, Philipp Angleitner, George Krasopoulos, Keith Channon, Thomas Gehrig, Cha Rajakaruna, Leonid Ladyshenskij, Ravi De Silva, Nikolaos Bonaros, Gil Bolotin, Stephan Jacobs, Matthias Thielmann, Yeong-Hoon Choi, Sunil Ohri, Alexander Lipey, Ivar Friedrich, David P. Taggart
Summary: A post-hoc analysis of the VEST III trial showed that open harvesting is associated with improved overall SVG patency and reduced intimal hyperplasia. External stenting reduces the progression of SVG disease, particularly with open harvesting.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CARDIO-THORACIC SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Kaveh Oraii Yazdani, Akbar Shafiee, Amirhossein Heidari, Hossein Ahmadi-Tafti, Ahmad Yaminisharif
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of permanent pacemaker implantation (PPI) among open-heart surgery patients. Data from 23,461 patients undergoing open-heart surgeries in an Iranian heart center between 2009 and 2016 were reviewed, and 125 patients (0.53%) who received PPI following the surgeries were enrolled in the study. The study provides a foundation for future investigations to identify possible predictors of PPI in patients undergoing open-heart surgeries.
BMC CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
N. Cheuk, L. J. Worth, J. Tatoulis, P. Skillington, M. Kyi, S. Fourlanos
Summary: The study evaluated the relationship between diabetes, hyperglycemia, and the risk of surgical site infection (SSI) in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABGS). It found that while type 2 diabetes (T2D) was not independently associated with SSI, body mass index (BMI) remained a significant risk factor for SSI post CABGS. The use of perioperative intravenous insulin infusions and antibiotic prophylaxis in a specialist cardiac surgery center led to uncommon deep SSIs but approximately one in 10 patients developed superficial SSIs.
JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL INFECTION
(2021)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Lamia Harik, Roberto Perezgrovas-Olaria, Giovanni Soletti, Arnaldo Dimagli, Talal Alzghari, Kevin R. R. An, Gianmarco Cancelli, Mario Gaudino, Sigrid Sandner
Summary: Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is a common cardiac surgery with a significant incidence of graft failure, mainly caused by thrombosis. Antithrombotic therapy, particularly dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT), has been proven effective in reducing graft failure but increases bleeding risk. In contrast, anticoagulant therapy has shown limited efficacy. Future concepts for antithrombotic therapy include P2Y(12) inhibitor monotherapy and short-term DAPT.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Mario Gaudino, Felicita Andreotti, Takeshi Kimura
Summary: Coronary artery revascularisation can be done through surgery or percutaneous intervention. Surgery has higher risks and longer recovery time, but offers long-term reduction of recurrent cardiac events. The choice between surgical or percutaneous intervention depends on clinical and anatomical reasons or personal preferences. Medical therapy is crucial in combination with coronary revascularisation, and some patients may achieve similar results with medical therapy alone. The existing revascularisation data mainly focus on white, non-elderly, male populations in high-income countries, so there is an urgent need for robust data in other populations.
Article
Clinical Neurology
James D. Doecke, Virginia Perez-Grijalba, Noelia Fandos, Christopher Fowler, Victor L. Villemagne, Colin L. Masters, Pedro Pesini, Manuel Sarasa
Article
Clinical Neurology
Nicholas Bradfield, Kathryn A. Ellis, Greg Savage, Paul Maruff, Samantha Burnham, David Darby, Nicola T. Lautenschlager, Ralph N. Martins, Colin L. Masters, Stephanie R. Rainey-Smith, Joanne Robertson, Christopher Rowe, Michael Woodward, David Ames
Summary: Aggregating abnormal memory scores may predict the risk of progression from MCI to AD dementia and provide prognostic stratification for individuals.
JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Mohamad Habes, Raymond Pomponio, Haochang Shou, Jimit Doshi, Elizabeth Mamourian, Guray Erus, Ilya Nasrallah, Lenore J. Launer, Tanweer Rashid, Murat Bilgel, Yong Fan, Jon B. Toledo, Kristine Yaffe, Aristeidis Sotiras, Dhivya Srinivasan, Mark Espeland, Colin Masters, Paul Maruff, Jurgen Fripp, Henry Volzk, Sterling C. Johnson, John C. Morris, Marilyn S. Albert, Michael Miller, R. Nick Bryan, Hans J. Grabe, Susan M. Resnick, David A. Wolk, Christos Davatzikos
Summary: The relationship between white matter hyperintensities and various factors such as brain aging, AD neuropathology, cognitive decline, and Aβ positivity after age 65 have been observed in a large MRI database. The Brain Chart established can quantify brain-aging trajectories and provide systematic evaluation of brain-aging patterns relative to a large consortium. Brain aging, AD-like atrophy, and WMHs were shown to be better predictors of cognition than chronological age in MCI/AD subjects.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Eric A. Woodcock, Ansel T. Hillmer, Christine M. Sandiego, Paul Maruff, Richard E. Carson, Kelly P. Cosgrove, Robert H. Pietrzak
Summary: This study found that LPS administration in healthy adults can impair memory processes, specifically affecting verbal learning and recall, hippocampal memory processes. Furthermore, LPS also leads to increased neuroinflammation, which is correlated with decreased performance in memory in the hippocampus, putamen, and thalamus. This experimental paradigm may be useful for investigating the mechanistic relationships between neuroinflammatory signaling and cognitive dysfunction in psychiatric and neurologic disorders.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yen Ying Lim, Jenalle E. Baker, Loren Bruns, Andrea Mills, Christopher Fowler, Jurgen Fripp, Stephanie R. Rainey-Smith, David Ames, Colin L. Masters, Paul Maruff
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Indranil Dasgupta, Aghogho Odudu, Jyoti Baharani, Niall Fergusson, Helen Griffiths, John Harrison, Paul Maruff, G. Neil Thomas, Gavin Woodhall, Samir Youseff, George Tadros
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Yen Ying Lim, Simon M. Laws, Stephanie Perin, Robert H. Pietrzak, Christopher Fowler, Colin L. Masters, Paul Maruff
Summary: The study examined the impact of BDNF on memory and disease progression in different stages of AD. Results showed that in A beta+ CN individuals, the Met66 genotype was associated with greater memory decline and increased risk of progression to MCI/AD over time. Meanwhile, in A beta+ MCI individuals, the Met66 genotype did not have an effect on memory decline or progression to AD. In A beta+ AD individuals, Val66 homozygotes exhibited greater memory decline, while Met66 carriers performed consistently at a severely impaired level.
GENES BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Amit Desai, Lauren Benner, Ruishan Wu, Lev Gertsik, Paul Maruff, Gregory A. Light, Tolga Uz, Gerard J. Marek, Tong Zhu
Summary: ASP4345, a novel dopamine D-1 receptor positive allosteric modulator, shows good safety and potential improvement in cognitive function in patients with schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorder. Positive changes in neurophysiological biomarkers also suggest improvement in information processing. Further studies with larger patient populations are needed to confirm these findings.
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
William Ryan McMahon, Suzanne Ftouni, Charmaine Diep, Jinny Collet, Steven W. Lockley, Shantha M. W. Rajaratnam, Paul Maruff, Sean P. A. Drummond, Clare Anderson
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the impact of the Wake Maintenance Zone (WMZ) on measures of drowsiness, attention, and subjective performance under rested and sleep deprived conditions. The results showed that the WMZ did not mitigate the adverse effects of sleep deprivation on drowsiness, sustained attention, response inhibition, and self-rated concentration and difficulty, but it did improve measures of sustained attention and subjective concentration and task difficulty compared to the pre-WMZ during sleep deprivation.
JOURNAL OF SLEEP RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Amy Woodfield, Tenielle Porter, Israa Gilani, Siti Noordin, Qiao-Xin Li, Steven Collins, Ralph N. Martins, Paul Maruff, Colin L. Masters, Christopher C. Rowe, Victor L. Villemagne, Vincent Dore, Philip Newsholme, Simon M. Laws, Giuseppe Verdile
Summary: Insulin resistance is implicated in Alzheimer's disease biomarker progression and cognitive decline. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tau does not directly influence the association between insulin resistance and cognition, but CSF Aβ42 moderates the relationship between them.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Educational
Thomas B. McGuckian, Peter H. Wilson, Rich D. Johnston, Shahin Rahimi-Golkhandan, Jan Piek, Dido Green, Jeffrey M. Rogers, Paul Maruff, Bert Steenbergen, Scott Ruddock
Summary: This longitudinal study examined the development of children's complex executive function (EF) using the Groton Maze Learning Task (GMLT). A total of 147 children (61 males, ages 5.5-11 years) were recruited from six multicultural primary schools in Melbourne and Perth, Australia. The study spanned from 2010 to 2012, with assessments on the GMLT conducted every 6 months. Growth curve models indicated a quadratic growth trajectory in each measure of error, reflecting visuospatial memory, executive control, and complex EF. The ability to apply rules for action, a key aspect of complex EF, developed rapidly during early-to-mid childhood.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Lisa Bransby, Emily Rosenich, Rachel F. Buckley, Nawaf Yassi, Matthew P. Pase, Paul Maruff, Yen Ying Lim
Summary: This study aimed to determine the frequency and co-occurrence of modifiable dementia risk factors (MDRFs) in a large sample of middle-aged adults. The results showed that most individuals reported MDRFs in two or more domains, and these multidomain MDRFs were related to poorer cognition.
Article
Clinical Neurology
John J. Alam, Paul Maruff, Susan R. Doctrow, Hui-May Chu, Jennifer Conway, Stephen N. Gomperts, Charlotte Teunissen
Summary: This study evaluates the relationship between plasma tau phosphorylated at residue 181 (ptau181), a biomarker of Alzheimer disease (AD) copathology, and the treatment effects of the p38 alpha kinase inhibitor neflamapimod in patients with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). The results suggest that DLB patients with lower pretreatment ptau181 levels may show better treatment response to neflamapimod, with improvement in attention, cognitive assessment, and daily functioning. Plasma biomarkers of AD copathology should be considered as stratification variables in DLB clinical trials.
Article
Psychology, Mathematical
Isabella Amato, Aleshia Nanev, Stefan Piantella, Kira-Elise Wilson, Rowena Bicknell, Rachael Heckenberg, Ben Horan, Paul Maruff, Bradley Wright
Summary: The study investigated the sensitivity and reliability of new technologies in measuring cognitive function under acute alcohol intoxication, finding that the CONVIRT test battery was sensitive to changes in cognitive impairment induced by alcohol and demonstrated strong test-retest reliability.
BEHAVIOR RESEARCH METHODS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kathryn V. Papp, D. M. Rentz, P. Maruff, C. -K. Sun, R. Raman, M. C. Donohue, A. Schembri, C. Stark, M. A. Yassa, A. M. Wessels, R. Yaari, K. C. Holdridge, P. S. Aisen, R. A. Sperling
Summary: Computerized cognitive assessments, such as the tablet-based Computerized Cognitive Composite (C3), show feasibility and validity in AD prevention trials. The C3 was found to be feasible for clinically normal older adults and moderately correlated with standard cognitive measures. Additionally, individuals with A beta+ performed worse on the C3 compared to those with A beta-, indicating its potential as a sensitive cognitive outcome measure.
JPAD-JOURNAL OF PREVENTION OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2021)