Article
Psychology, Biological
Alexandra K. Gold, M. Alexandra Kredlow, Scott P. Orr, Catherine A. Hartley, Michael W. Otto
Summary: This study compared skin conductance response outcomes between Asian and White individuals in a fear conditioning paradigm. The results showed that Asian individuals had significantly smaller mean differential SCR compared to White individuals, but no other between-group differences were observed. This is the first study to evaluate differences in skin conductance outcomes between Asian and White individuals, and it found subtle but non-significant differences in SCR.
PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
(2022)
Article
Biology
Kevin Vinberg, Jorgen Rosen, Granit Kastrati, Fredrik Ahs
Summary: This study examines the correlation between individual differences in skin conductance response (SCR) during discriminative fear conditioning and neural activity throughout the brain. Results show that SCR correlates with activity in several brain regions, including the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex/anterior midcingulate cortex and anterior insula. Additionally, the study confirms previous findings of a positive correlation between amygdala activity and SCR.
Article
Biology
Maren Klingelhoefer-Jens, Mana R. Ehlers, Manuel Kuhn, Vincent Keyaniyan, Tina B. Lonsdorf
Summary: In this study, the researchers investigated longitudinal reliability at both individual and group levels, as well as internal consistency and response predictability in translational neuroscience. The results showed limited longitudinal reliability at the individual level but comparatively higher reliability at the group level. The study highlights the importance of measurement properties in the field.
Article
Neurosciences
Ha Neul Song, Sewon Oh, Sang Ah Lee
Summary: The study found that affective pictures generally induce higher electrophysiological responses compared with neutral pictures. Individuals with a strong ERP response were hindered in the erotic condition but facilitated in the horror condition; while those without significant ERP or SCR response were facilitated in the erotic condition but hindered in the horror condition. Furthermore, the direction of attentional effect could be classified based on participants' P300, LPP, and SCR responses.
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Ryan D. Webler, Hannah Berg, Kimberly Fhong, Lauri Tuominen, Daphne J. Holt, Rajendra A. Morey, Iris Lange, Philip C. Burton, Miquel Angel Fullana, Joaquim Radua, Shmuel Lissek
Summary: This study is the first meta-analysis of the growing literature on conditioned fear generalization, delineating the brain substrates and forming a working neural model. Positive generalization was found in specific brain regions, while negative generalization was identified in different brain regions and the amygdala.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Sanja Klein, Onno Kruse, Isabell Tapia Leon, Lukas Van Oudenhove, Sophie R. van 't Hof, Tim Klucken, Tor D. Wager, Rudolf Stark
Summary: Sharing and comparing imaging data across psychological tasks is becoming more feasible with the advancement of open science movement. This study validates the commonalities between aversive and appetitive classical conditioning through a multivariate approach, providing an empirical method to integrate fMRI findings across paradigms.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Chiara Lucifora, Giorgio M. Grasso, Michael A. Nitsche, Giovanni D'Italia, Mauro Sortino, Mohammad A. Salehinejad, Alessandra Falzone, Alessio Avenanti, Carmelo M. Vicario
Summary: This study examined the association between circadian rhythms and fear responses, and found that individuals with an evening chronotype showed enhanced fear acquisition compared to controls. This may explain the higher vulnerability of individuals with an evening chronotype to anxiety and related disorders.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Rachel Ahrenholtz, Jaryd Hiser, Marisa C. Ross, Anthony Privratsky, Anneliis Sartin-Tarm, G. Andrew James, Josh M. Cisler
Summary: The study identified three distinct neurocircuitry biotypes among women with PTSD, each associated with different neurocognitive features and clinical symptoms. This highlights the importance of considering different biotypes in PTSD research.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biology
Isabel Wank, Pinelopi Pliota, Sylvia Badurek, Klaus Kraitsy, Joanna Kaczanowska, Johannes Griessner, Silke Kreitz, Andreas Hess, Wulf Haubensak
Summary: Investigating the interaction between central amygdala local circuitry and brain-wide affective states, the study found evidence for diverging roles of two major CE neuronal populations in modulating global brain states, impacting on aversive processing and nocifensive behavior.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Sarah M. Tashjian, Virginia Fedrigo, Tanaz Molapour, Dean Mobbs, Colin F. Camerer
Summary: This study reveals the significance of social dynamics (friends vs. strangers) on tonic arousal and the impact of subjective fear and threat predictability on phasic arousal.
PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jeehye Seo, Katelyn Oliver, Carolina Daffre, Kylie N. Moore, Samuel Gazecki, Natasha B. Lasko, Mohammed R. Milad, Edward F. Pace-Schott
Summary: Sleep disturbances may increase the risk of developing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Different patterns of neural activations during fear extinction may be observed in individuals with PTSD compared to trauma-exposed controls.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Hilary A. Marusak, Aneesh Hehr, Amanpreet Bhogal, Craig Peters, Allesandra Iadipaolo, Christine A. Rabinak
Summary: Exposure to childhood trauma has negative impacts on fear extinction and underlying neural circuitry in children, leading to difficulties in distinguishing threat from safety cues and increased activation in fear-related brain regions during extinction recall.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Mary Showstark, Ryan Bahadursingh, Sheng Zhang, Adam Fry, Barbara Kozminski, Per Lundstam, David Putrino
Summary: This exploratory study investigated potential neurophysiological and psychometric differences between big wave surfers and non-big wave surfers. The findings demonstrate significant differences in brain activation between the two groups in response to the presentation of high amplitude negative-valence images.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Lena Jellestad, Thomas Zeffiro, Marco Piccirelli, Jolanda Malamud, Benedikt B. M. Klimke, Katrin Rauen, Michael Rufer, Scott P. Orr, Christoph Mueller-Pfeiffer
Summary: This study examined the efficacy of pursuit eye movements in interfering with the reconsolidation of conditioned fear memories. The results showed that participants who performed pursuit eye movements during the reinstatement phase had significantly reduced fear-conditioned skin conductance responses.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Marcus Wicken, Rebecca Keogh, Joel Pearson
Summary: The study suggests that individuals with aphantasia lack a physiological response when imagining frightening scenarios, likely due to their inability to visualize, rather than general emotional or physiological dampening. This provides evidence for the emotional amplification theory of visual imagery.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Esther C. McWilliams, Florentine M. Barbey, John F. Dyer, Md Nurul Islam, Bernadette McGuinness, Brian Murphy, Hugh Nolan, Peter Passmore, Laura M. Rueda-Delgado, Alison R. Buick
Summary: This study demonstrates the feasibility of gathering large-scale EEG data in the home environment using novel technology, showing high levels of participation and completion in different age groups. The low-burden measurement method has potential for large-scale studies and could contribute to the development of digital cognitive biomarkers.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Review
Psychiatry
Robert Whelan, Florentine M. Barbey, Marcia R. Cominetti, Claire M. Gillan, Anna M. Rosicka
Summary: Effective strategies for early detection of cognitive decline would provide individual and societal benefits, but the current methods are invasive or time-consuming. This article describes scalable and non-invasive strategies, such as blood sample analysis and smartphone measurements, for detecting the earliest markers of cognitive decline. However, there are technical and societal challenges that need to be addressed.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)