Article
Chemistry, Physical
Amir Farokh Payam, Alessio Morelli, Patrick Lemoine
Summary: A novel multiparametric approach is proposed in this paper for simultaneously quantifying the Hamaker constant and viscoelastic properties of materials, surpassing current equations used in the AFM community. The accuracy of the method is validated through multiple simulations and experiments, showing its superiority in material properties quantification compared to traditional AFM methods.
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Illia Dobryden, Zhijie Yang, Per M. Claesson, Marie Paule Pileni
Summary: The nanomechanical properties of two suprastructures of self-assembled 9.6 nm Fe3O4 hydrophobic nanocrystals dispersed in water were investigated, revealing their nanoheater characteristics and self-assembling behavior post internalization in cancer cells. The study highlights the importance of understanding the nanomechanics of such suprastructures.
ADVANCED MATERIALS INTERFACES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Haomin Wang, Joseph M. Gonzalez-Fialkowski, Wenqian Li, Qing Xie, Yan Yu, Xiaoji G. Xu
Summary: Peak force infrared (PFIR) microscopy is an advanced atomic force microscopy technique that allows surpassing Abbe's diffraction limit in chemical nanoimaging and spectroscopy. By developing liquid-phase peak force infrared (LiPFIR) microscopy, it enables in situ tracking and detection of chemical reactions in fluid environments, providing high-resolution infrared imaging and spectroscopy capabilities for soft matters and biological samples.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Keivan Asadi, Junghoon Yeom, Hanna Cho
Summary: Investigating internal resonance (IR) mechanisms in micro/nanoresonators reveals that intermodal coupling between second and third flexural modes in asymmetric structures provides an optimal condition for strong IR, with high energy transfer to the resonated mode. This study introduces design strategies that can be easily integrated into typical micro/nanoelectromechanical systems, offering potential for paradigm-shifting applications in micro/nanosystems.
MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING
(2021)
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Telmo O. Paiva, Albertus Viljoen, Yves F. Dufrene
Summary: Advancements in atomic force microscopy (AFM) techniques and methodologies in microbiology have enhanced our understanding of microbial cell surfaces. Recent studies have shown that AFM imaging of cells and membranes at or near molecular resolution enables detailed visualization of membrane-drug interactions.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ryo Kato, Toki Moriyama, Takayuki Umakoshi, Taka-aki Yano, Prabhat Verma
Summary: In this study, long-duration TERS imaging of a micrometer-sized WS2 sample was achieved in a reproducible manner, enabling the detection of nanoscale defects and rare optical signals in large area 2D materials.
Article
Physics, Applied
Shiquan Lin, Zhong Lin Wang
Summary: Inspired by TENG, scanning TENG is proposed for local surface charge density measurement using atomic force microscopy. The technique taps a conductive tip above a charged dielectric surface to induce an AC, with Fourier analysis showing a linear relation to surface charge density. Results demonstrate its power in probing nanoscale charge transfer in contact-electrification.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Miles F. Beaux, Reuben J. Peterson, Igor O. Usov
Summary: Atomic force microscopy was used to map the topography and qualitative mechanical characteristics of gallium-stabilized delta-phase plutonium coupons. The initial rough and heterogeneous surface of plutonium was observed, along with distinct striation patterns in qualitative nanomechanical mapping. Investigation suggested that the striations were not measurement artifacts or plutonium-specific features, and were influenced by mechanical working of the surface.
SURFACES AND INTERFACES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Francisco J. Solis, Monica Olvera de la Cruz
Summary: This article discusses the interactions between charged particles and induced polarization charge on solid-liquid or liquid-liquid interfaces with dielectric contrast, as well as the self-energy of charged particles near rough surfaces. Results show that the local convexity and concavity of the surface affect the repulsion of ions.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Elma Sakinatus Sajidah, Keesiang Lim, Tomoyoshi Yamano, Goro Nishide, Yujia Qiu, Takeshi Yoshida, Hanbo Wang, Akiko Kobayashi, Masaharu Hazawa, Firli R. P. Dewi, Rikinari Hanayama, Toshio Ando, Richard W. Wong
Summary: Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) play a crucial role in cell communication and can be used for drug delivery and structural characterization of nanoparticles. The high-speed atomic force microscopy (HS-AFM) can evaluate the structural changes of sEVs under different physicochemical stresses.
JOURNAL OF EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Abbasali Abouei Mehrizi, Qiao Liu, Hao Wang
Summary: The extended thin-film region adjacent to the contact line plays a crucial role in heat transfer and wetting dynamics by enhancing heat transfer and influencing contact line morphology. The study focused on advancing contact line morphology induced by water vapor condensation at low rates. Results showed that the morphology of the liquid film in this process differs from nonvolatile cases, with a precursor nanofilm and nanodroplets detected beyond the contact line.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Xinyu Li, Li Zhao, Rongrong Feng, Xiaowei Du, Zelin Guo, Yu Meng, Yulan Zou, Wenchao Liao, Qiyuan Liu, Yaohuan Sheng, Gaowei Zhao, Haijian Zhong, Weidong Zhao
Summary: Using atomic force microscopy, it was found that Na(V)1.5 is irregularly distributed on the surfaces of both normal and cancer breast cells, with higher expression on cancer cells. The stability of the Na(V)1.5-antibody complex is higher on normal breast cells compared to cancer breast cells. These findings provide insights into the interactions of ion channel-antibody systems and the role of sodium channels in tumor metastasis and invasion.
ANALYTICAL METHODS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Niklas A. Weber, Hendrik Schmidt, Tim Sievert, Christian Jooss, Friedrich Guethoff, Vasily Moshneaga, Konrad Samwer, Matthias Krueger, Cynthia A. Volkert
Summary: This study investigates the mechanism of friction at sliding contacts, proposing that friction can be explained by considering the damping of stick-slip pulses. The findings provide a basis for reconciling controversies in literature studies on friction and suggest possible tactics for controlling friction.
Review
Cell Biology
Yuan Qiu, Chen-Chi Chien, Basile Maroulis, Jiani Bei, Angelo Gaitas, Bin Gong
Summary: This article presents a review of the applications of atomic force microscopy (AFM) and fluidic atomic force microscopy (fluidFM) in single-cell studies. It discusses the use of AFM in studying single cells, extracellular vesicles, colloidal force spectroscopy, and single-cell adhesion measurements. FluidFM, a combination of microfluidics and AFM, allows for biological, pathological, and pharmacological studies on single cells in a liquid environment. The review focuses on the capabilities of fluidFM in measuring adhesion, binding forces, and manipulating single cells, as well as its applications in patch clamping and mass measurements.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microscopy
Peng Li, Yongjian Shao, Ke Xu, Xiucheng Liu
Summary: In this paper, we overcome the disadvantage of slow scan speed in off-resonance tapping atomic force microscopy (ORT-AFM) by introducing an active probe method. With the active probe, the modulation frequency could be significantly increased, thus improving the scan rate. We demonstrated high-speed multiparametric imaging with the active probe method in ORT-AFM.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Yue Gu, Chunfeng Wang, Namheon Kim, Jingxin Zhang, Tsui Min Wang, Jennifer Stowe, Rohollah Nasiri, Jinfeng Li, Daibo Zhang, Albert Yang, Leo Huan-Hsuan Hsu, Xiaochuan Dai, Jing Mu, Zheyuan Liu, Muyang Lin, Weixin Li, Chonghe Wang, Hua Gong, Yimu Chen, Yusheng Lei, Hongjie Hu, Yang Li, Lin Zhang, Zhenlong Huang, Xingcai Zhang, Samad Ahadian, Pooja Banik, Liangfang Zhang, Xiaocheng Jiang, Peter J. Burke, Ali Khademhosseini, Andrew D. McCulloch, Sheng Xu
Summary: The research introduces a scalable platform featuring a three-dimensional field-effect transistor array produced via compressive buckling, enabling accurate recording of transmembrane potentials and intracellular recordings in cells and cellular networks. The platform utilizes high-performance field-effect transistors for cellular interfacing, providing faithful recordings and valuable experimental data for probing the electrical behaviors of single cells and cellular networks. Leveraging the high spatial and temporal resolutions of the transistors, the study reveals new insights into signal conduction velocities and pathways within cells and cellular constructs.
NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Muyang Lin, Hongjie Hu, Sai Zhou, Sheng Xu
Summary: Current wearable devices are mainly designed to record superficial signals from the skin, but the detection of deep-tissue signals remains a challenge. This Review discusses the engineering of soft wearable devices and focuses on electrical, electromagnetic, thermal, and mechanical sensing approaches, emphasizing penetration depth and temporal and spatial resolutions.
NATURE REVIEWS MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chonghe Wang, Xiaoyu Chen, Liu Wang, Mitsutoshi Makihata, Hsiao-Chuan Liu, Tao Zhou, Xuanhe Zhao
Summary: The BAUS device is a bioadhesive tool that provides continuous imaging of diverse internal organs for up to 48 hours. It has the potential for diagnosis and monitoring of various diseases.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Han Sae Jung, Woo-Bin Jung, Jun Wang, Jeffrey Abbott, Adrian Horgan, Maxime Fournier, Henry Hinton, Young-Ha Hwang, Xavier Godron, Robert Nicol, Hongkun Park, Donhee Ham
Summary: This article introduces a CMOS pH localizer-imager that enables arrayed localization of aqueous acids and real-time monitoring and control of pH values. The technology can be used for high-throughput research and applications.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Woo-Bin Jung, Han Sae Jung, Jun Wang, Henry Hinton, Maxime Fournier, Adrian Horgan, Xavier Godron, Robert Nicol, Donhee Ham
Summary: In this study, a 16 x 16 array of new ionic transistors is developed for signal processing in aqueous solution. Each transistor operates based on the electrochemistry of the solution. This array performs analog multiply-accumulate (MAC) operations, offering a computing modality for low-power artificial neural networks.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Gert Cauwenberghs, Jason Cong, X. Sharon Hu, Siddharth Joshi, Subhasish Mitra, Wolfgang Porod, H. -S. Philip Wong
PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Fanglin Tian, Junxiao Zhou, Qiang Wang, Zhaowei Liu
Summary: Recent progress in the Valley Hall insulator has shown nontrivial topology due to distinct valley index in 2D semiconductor systems. This study proposes a highly tunable topological phase transition using valley photonic crystals, achieved by breaking the inversion symmetry through refractive index changes in optical phase change material (OPCM) in a honeycomb lattice structure. Simulations demonstrate topological protection through light propagation at sharp corners and pseudo-spin photon coupling. Compared to other reconfigurable topological photonics, the proposed scheme offers wider bandwidth and greater tunability in both central bandgap frequency and topological phase transition. The platform holds great potential for practical applications in lasing, light sensing, and high-contrast tunable optical filters.
OPTICAL MATERIALS EXPRESS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Qianyi Wu, Junxiao Zhou, Xinyu Chen, Junxiang Zhao, Ming Lei, Guanghao Chen, Yu-Hwa Lo, Zhaowei Liu
Summary: A single-shot quantitative amplitude and phase imaging (QAPI) method is proposed by inserting a pair of all-dielectric geometric phase metasurfaces into a traditional microscope. The metasurface pair splits a linearly polarized incident beam into two circularly polarized components and deflects them back toward their initial directions. The interference of the laterally displaced replicas of the input object formed by the metasurface pair generates a retardance image, from which the amplitude and phase information of the object can be reconstructed using a polarized camera.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Akshay Paul, Min S. Lee, Yuchen Xu, Stephen R. Deiss, Gert Cauwenberghs
Summary: To enable continuous, mobile health monitoring, this work presents a versatile wireless electrophysiology data acquisition system called weDAQ. It provides 16 recording channels, driven right leg (DRL), a 3-axis accelerometer, local data storage, and adaptable data transmission modes. The weDAQ device leverages in-band impedance scanning and an input multiplexer to dynamically select good skin contacting electrodes for reference and sensing channels, enabling measurements of EEG, EOG, and EMG.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Shantanu Chakrabartty, Gert Cauwenberghs
Summary: At the fundamental level, there is an energy imbalance between training and inference in machine learning systems. This paper introduces three performance walls that affect the training energy efficiency: the memory-wall, the update-wall, and the consolidation-wall. To overcome these walls, a learning-in-memory (LIM) paradigm is proposed, which utilizes ML system memories with metaplasticity to match the thermodynamics of learning.
2023 IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS, ISCAS
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Soumil Jain, Gopabandhu Hota, Yuhan Shi, Sangheon Oh, Jiajia Wu, Preston Fowler, Duygu Kuzum, Gert Cauwenberghs
Summary: This study proposes a hybrid integrated platform that connects a selectorless memristor crossbar array with peripheral row and column instrumentation for array-parallel programming and readout for AI learning and inference applications. The platform is implemented using commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) data converters and switched capacitors, and controlled by a Xilinx Spartan-6 FPGA. The system offers programmable sense times to characterize memristors over a wide range of resistances and the capability to switch between different measurement modes for desired accuracy and energy efficiency.
2023 IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS, ISCAS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Haoyin Xu, Sheng-Hsiou Hsu, Masaki Nakanishi, Yufan Lin, Tzyy-Ping Jung, Gert Cauwenberghs
Summary: Visual stimuli design in brain-computer interfaces based on visual evoked potentials (VEPs) plays a crucial role. This study comprehensively compared different combinations of stimulus parameters and their impact on decoding accuracy and subject comfort. The results revealed a trade-off relationship between decoding accuracy and subjective comfort level, with code-modulated VEPs (c-VEPs) being recommended for achieving reliable decoding accuracy while maintaining a reasonable level of comfortability.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NEURAL SYSTEMS AND REHABILITATION ENGINEERING
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Akshay Paul, Min Lee, Yuchen Xu, Stephen Deiss, Gert Cauwenberghs
Summary: This work presents a complete wireless electrophysiology data acquisition system called weDAQ, which utilizes body worn sensors that are lightweight and unobtrusive. The sensors are made from standard printed circuit boards and offer comparable performance to clinical devices. The weDAQ system supports multiple biosignal streams and can be used for online brain computer interface experiments and smart, multimodal biosignal monitoring.
2022 IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS (ISCAS 22)
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Gopabandhu Hota, Nishant Mysore, Stephen Deiss, Bruno Pedroni, Gert Cauwenberghs
Summary: We present a high-performance and low-overhead multicast network-on-chip (NoC) architecture suitable for large-scale reconfigurable neuromorphic systems. This architecture enables high-bandwidth inter-core spike event transmission and helps implement brain-scale sparse neural network connectivity distributed across neuromorphic processing cores.
2022 IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS (ISCAS 22)
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Paolo G. Cachi, Soumil Jain, Sebastian Ventura, Gert Cauwenberghs, Krzysztof J. Cios
Summary: This paper presents a method to implement the dynamics of Aplysia R-15 neuron on a neuromorphic emulation platform called NeuroDyn. The extended NeuroDyn, using the generalized Hodgkin-Huxley (HH) model and compensating for its nonlinearities, accurately maps the multiscale neurodynamics of Aplysia R-15 from software to hardware implementation.
2022 29TH IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ELECTRONICS, CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS (IEEE ICECS 2022)
(2022)