Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
YiAn Liu, XiongShuo Yan, JiangWei Wu, Bing Zhu, YuPing Chen, XianFeng Chen
Summary: The commercialization of lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI) wafers has led to significant on-chip photonic integration applications due to its exceptional photonic, acousto-optic, electro-optic, and piezoelectric properties. High-Q erbium-doped LNOI microdisk was fabricated on a silicon substrate, demonstrating C-band laser emission with impressive thermal stability. This microlaser is expected to play a crucial role in the photonic integrated circuits of the lithium niobate platform.
SCIENCE CHINA-PHYSICS MECHANICS & ASTRONOMY
(2021)
Article
Optics
Renhong Gao, Botao Fu, Ni Yao, Jianglin Guan, Haisu Zhang, Jintian Lin, Chuntao Li, Min Wang, Lingling Qiao, Ya Cheng
Summary: Narrow-bandwidth dual-wavelength microlasers are generated for the first time using nearly-degenerate polygon modes in a high-Q active lithium niobate microdisk. The microlasers have independently controllable resonant wavelengths and low threshold, leading to stable dual-wavelength laser generation with low noise. The measured microwave signal shows a phase noise of -123 dBc Hz(-1) and an electro-optic tuning efficiency of -1.66 MHz V-1, with a linewidth of 6.87 kHz.
LASER & PHOTONICS REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Yuanlin Zheng, Xianfeng Chen
Summary: Lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI) is an ideal on-chip platform for studying optical effects and developing photonic devices, with recent advances in the fabrication of high-quality micro/nanostructures on the LNOI platform propelling LN-based integrated photonics to new heights. This review focuses on the latest research advances in lithium niobate thin film (LNTF), particularly in nonlinear wave mixing and their photonics applications. Various second- and third-order nonlinear processes in LNOI micro/nano-structures, such as nonlinear frequency conversion and supercontinuum generation, are discussed, with predictions for photonic integrated circuits (PICs) on the LNOI platform in the nonlinear optics regime.
ADVANCES IN PHYSICS-X
(2021)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
H. M. Yin, Q. Pan, K. W. Chow
Summary: Modulation instability, breather formation, and the Fermi-Pasta-Ulam-Tsingou recurrence (FPUT) phenomena are studied in nonlinear systems arising from slightly anisotropic media. The Darboux transformation is used to calculate a class of breathers, and a cascading mechanism is utilized to elucidate the initial stages of FPUT. An analytical formula for breather formation in a two-waveguide system is proposed, showing excellent agreement with numerical simulations.
Article
Optics
Hao Chen, Kai Guo, Jinde Yin, Siqing He, Guoqing Qiu, Mengyu Zhang, Zihan Xu, Gangyi Zhu, Junbo Yang, Peiguang Yan
Summary: This study utilizes large-area monolayer MoS2 to enhance nonlinear response and proposes a new pump strategy for achieving spontaneous four-wave mixing in the visible spectral range. The structure is driven by excitonic photoluminescence pump for efficient mixing generation, validated by the microcavity structure enhancement. With the emission spectrum controllable through temperature, this work shows great potential for various applications.
LASER & PHOTONICS REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Optics
Jintian Lin, Saeed Farajollahi, Zhiwei Fang, Ni Yao, Renhong Gao, Jianglin Guan, Li Deng, Tao Lu, Min Wang, Haisu Zhang, Wei Fang, Lingling Qiao, Ya Cheng
Summary: In this study, single-frequency ultranarrow linewidth lasers were achieved on erbium ion-doped lithium niobate microdisks through excitation of high-Q polygon modes, resulting in a significantly reduced linewidth. Moreover, real-time electro-optical tuning of the microlasers was demonstrated using the strong linear electro-optic effect of LN.
ADVANCED PHOTONICS
(2022)
Article
Optics
Zhenzhong Hao, Li Zhang, Jie Wang, Fang Bo, Feng Gao, Guoquan Zhang, Jingjun Xu
Summary: Lithium-niobate microcavities have excellent nonlinear optical properties and can resonantly enhance light-matter interaction. This study observed multi-peak spectra in the near infrared range in lithium-niobate microcavities, which were attributed to the sum-frequency of the pump laser and its background. The conversion efficiencies of the sum-frequency processes were found to be 61.5% W-1, and their influences on nonlinear processes were discussed.
CHINESE OPTICS LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Optics
Qiang Luo, Chen Yang, Zhenzhong Hao, Ru Zhang, Dahuai Zheng, Fang Bo, Yongfa Kong, Guoquan Zhang, Jingjun Xu
Summary: This study reports the fabrication of on-chip erbium-doped LNOI waveguide amplifiers based on electron beam lithography and inductively coupled plasma reactive ion etching, achieving a net internal gain of 30 dB/cm. This development may promote the advancement of LNOI integrated photonics.
CHINESE OPTICS LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Optics
Mingyang Ma, Mingrui Yuan, Xudong Zhou, Huifu Xiao, Pengfei Cao, Lin Cheng, Thach Giang Nguyen, Andreas Boes, Guanghui Ren, Yikai Su, Arnan Mitchell, Yonghui Tian
Summary: Lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI) is a promising platform for high-performance photonic integrated circuits (PICs) in communication applications. Multimode waveguide bends with double air grooves are proposed and demonstrated to achieve low crosstalk for three different transverse electric (TE) modes in the wavelength range of 1525-1575 nm. The demonstrated device provides a compact solution for multimode waveguide bends, paving the way for high-speed, high-data-capacity PICs in on-chip communication systems.
LASER & PHOTONICS REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Yiran Zhu, Yuan Zhou, Zhe Wang, Zhiwei Fang, Zhaoxiang Liu, Wei Chen, Min Wang, Haisu Zhang, Ya Cheng
Summary: We have reported an electro-optically tunable microdisk laser fabricated on Er3+-doped lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI) substrate. By applying a variable voltage on a pair of integrated Cr microelectrodes near the LNOI microdisk, electro-optic modulation with an effective resonance-frequency tuning rate of 2.6 GHz/100 V has been achieved, resulting in a tuning range of 45 pm when the electric voltage is varied between -200 V and 200 V.
CHINESE OPTICS LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Optics
Qing Xu, Jia-Min Liu, De -Long Zhang, Ping-Rang Hua
Summary: This article focuses on the efficient design of ultra-compact power splitters based on the lithium-niobate-on-insulator platform. Y-junction and T-junction 1 x 2 power splitters based on PhC-like structures are designed using a genetic algorithm. The footprint of the functional region for these devices is very small. Simulation results show low insertion losses for both devices at 1550 nm. This work can serve as a generic approach for designing various ultra-compact functional devices based on the LNOI platform.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Optics
Jia-Min Liu, De -Long Zhang
Summary: An air-slot assisted TM-pass waveguide polarizer based on thin-film lithium niobate on insulator is proposed. The device consists of a ridge-type TFLNOI single-mode strip waveguide and an embedded air-slot. The waveguide structure supports only a TM mode, while completely cutting off the TE mode in the cuboid air-slot region. An optimized design exhibits excellent polarization performance, with a larger extinction ratio, lower insertion loss, and broader bandwidth.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Optics
Xu Han, Li Chen, Yongheng Jiang, Andreas Frigg, Huifu Xiao, Thach Giang Nguyen, Andreas Boes, Jianhong Yang, Guanghui Ren, Yikai Su, Arnan Mitchell, Yonghui Tian
Summary: This paper proposes and demonstrates compact subwavelength grating (SWG) waveguides on an LNOI platform for on-chip mode and polarization manipulation. The SWGs, designed and formed on a silicon nitride thin film, show low insertion losses and high extinction ratio, making them promising building blocks for integrated photonics applications.
LASER & PHOTONICS REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Optics
Xu Han, Yongheng Jiang, Andreas Frigg, Huifu Xiao, Pu Zhang, Thach Giang Nguyen, Andreas Boes, Jianhong Yang, Guanghui Ren, Yikai Su, Arnan Mitchell, Yonghui Tian
Summary: The study investigates the MDM and PDM technologies on a silicon nitride loaded LNOI platform, successfully designing and fabricating a mode (de)multiplexer and a polarization splitter-rotator with low insertion losses and minimal inter-modal crosstalk, suitable for high-capacity data communication applications.
LASER & PHOTONICS REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Fenja Severing, Uwe Bandelow, Shalva Amiranashvili
Summary: This study examines the issue of spurious four-wave mixing processes in numerical solutions of a nonlinear Schrodinger equation, particularly in the context of a more rigorous generalized nonlinear Schrodinger equation with an arbitrary dispersion operator. The study identifies the necessary constraints on temporal and spatial resolution of a numerical scheme to mitigate these nonphysical resonances. These constraints are particularly significant when applying an envelope equation in a wide spectral window, such as due to spectral broadening.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Optics
Yiran Zhu, Yuan Zhou, Zhe Wang, Zhiwei Fang, Zhaoxiang Liu, Wei Chen, Min Wang, Haisu Zhang, Ya Cheng
Summary: We have reported an electro-optically tunable microdisk laser fabricated on Er3+-doped lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI) substrate. By applying a variable voltage on a pair of integrated Cr microelectrodes near the LNOI microdisk, electro-optic modulation with an effective resonance-frequency tuning rate of 2.6 GHz/100 V has been achieved, resulting in a tuning range of 45 pm when the electric voltage is varied between -200 V and 200 V.
CHINESE OPTICS LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Youting Liang, Junxia Zhou, Zhaoxiang Liu, Haisu Zhang, Zhiwei Fang, Yuan Zhou, Difeng Yin, Jintian Lin, Jianping Yu, Rongbo Wu, Min Wang, Ya Cheng
Summary: Erbium doped integrated waveguide amplifiers and lasers have significant advantages in lightwave communication and large-scale sensing. This study successfully fabricated erbium-doped lithium niobate waveguide amplifiers with a thin cladding layer of Ta2O5, which achieved higher optical gain.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Jinming Chen, Zhaoxiang Liu, Yuan Zhou, Haisu Zhang, Zhiwei Fang, Lvbin Song, Guanhua Wang, Chao Sun, Min Wang, Ya Cheng
Summary: Lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI) is a material platform for integrated photonics that enables high-capacity and high-speed information communication. By developing a 515 nm femtosecond laser micro-machining technique, waveguide-coupled micro-resonators with high quality factors were fabricated. These fabrication techniques are compatible with high efficiency wafer-scale production, eliminating the need for UV/e-beam lithography.
IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Zhihao Zhang, Zhiwei Fang, Junxia Zhou, Youting Liang, Yuan Zhou, Zhe Wang, Jian Liu, Ting Huang, Rui Bao, Jianping Yu, Haisu Zhang, Min Wang, Ya Cheng
Summary: We report the fabrication and optical characterization of Yb3+-doped waveguide amplifiers on thin film lithium niobate. The fabricated waveguides exhibit low propagation loss and high gain performance at 1030 nm and 1060 nm. The integrated Yb3+-doped lithium niobate waveguide amplifiers will contribute to the development of a powerful gain platform and the high-density integration of thin film lithium niobate based photonic chip.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Rongbo Wu, Lang Gao, Youting Liang, Yong Zheng, Junxia Zhou, Hongxin Qi, Difeng Yin, Min Wang, Zhiwei Fang, Ya Cheng
Summary: This study demonstrates the design and fabrication of a high-performance thin-film lithium niobate electro-optic modulator using photolithography assisted chemo-mechanical etching technology. The modulator exhibits a wide bandwidth, low insertion loss, and low half wave voltage-length product, making it suitable for the development of large-scale low-loss photonic integrated devices.
Article
Optics
Junxia Zhou, Ting Huang, Zhiwei Fang, Rongbo Wu, Yuan Zhou, Jian Liu, Haisu Zhang, Zhenhua Wang, Min Wang, Ya Cheng
Summary: We demonstrate a compact hybrid lithium niobate microring laser by butt coupling a commercial 980-nm pump laser diode chip with a high-quality Er3+-doped lithium niobate microring chip. Single-mode lasing emission at 1531-nm wavelength from the Er3+-doped lithium niobate microring can be observed with the integrated 980-nm laser pumping. The compact hybrid lithium niobate microring laser features small size and small linewidth, and has potential applications in coherent optical communication and precision metrology.
Review
Physics, Applied
Min Wang, Zhiwei Fang, Jintian Lin, Rongbo Wu, Jinming Chen, Zhaoxiang Liu, Haisu Zhang, Lingling Qiao, Ya Cheng
Summary: We have fabricated integrated active lithium niobate (LN) photonic devices using the photolithography-assisted chemo-mechanical etching (PLACE) technique. These devices include waveguide amplifiers, tunable lasers, and microring lasers. They have a wide range of applications in light-wave communication, precision sensing, and quantum information science.
JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Y. U. Ma, J. U. N. X. I. A. Zhou, Z. H. I. W. E. I. Fang, Y. U. A. N. Zhou, T. I. N. G. Huang, Y. I. R. A. N. Zhu, Z. H. E. Wang, J. I. A. N. Liu, Z. H. A. O. X. I. A. N. G. Liu, R. O. N. G. B. O. Wu, M. I. N. Wang, HAIsU Zhang, Y. A. Cheng
Summary: We demonstrate an on-chip microring laser on Yb3+-doped thin film lithium niobate (Yb:TFLN) fabricated by photolithography-assisted chemo-mechanical etching technology. Multiwavelength laser emissions around 1025 nm from the microring resonator pumped by a 980 nm laser diode are observed with the lasing threshold of 10 mW. Up to 14 longitudinal modes are obtained from the fabricated Yb:TFLN microring laser experimentally, indicating its potential as a light source for multiple wavelength channels in optical communications and biosensors.
JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Yuan Zhou, Yiran Zhu, Zhiwei Fang, Shupeng Yu, Ting Huang, Junxia Zhou, Rongbo Wu, Jian Liu, Yu Ma, Zhe Wang, Jianping Yu, Zhaoxiang Liu, Haisu Zhang, Zhenhua Wang, Min Wang, Ya Cheng
Summary: This work presents a robust low-loss optical interface for passive/active lithium niobate photonics by tiling passive and active thin film lithium niobate (TFLN) substrates. The tiled substrates allow for patterning the integrated device's mask using a single continuous photolithography process. The interface loss of the tiled substrate is measured to be as low as 0.26 dB. A four-channel waveguide amplifier with net gains of 5 dB and 8 dB at 1550 nm and 1530 nm wavelengths, respectively, is achieved through this approach. The robust low-loss optical interface facilitates the development of large-scale high-performance photonic devices with on-chip light sources and amplifiers.
LASER & PHOTONICS REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Chengli Wang, Jin Li, Ailun Yi, Zhiwei Fang, Liping Zhou, Zhe Wang, Rui Niu, Yang Chen, Jiaxiang Zhang, Ya Cheng, Junqiu Liu, Chun-Hua Dong, Xin Ou
Summary: Researchers demonstrate the generation of a single soliton microcomb on high-quality-factor microresonators fabricated on 4H-SiC-on-insulator thin films. They also observe wide spectral translation of chaotic microcombs from near-infrared to visible due to the second-order nonlinearity of SiC. This highlights the potential of SiC as a platform for future low-loss integrated nonlinear and quantum photonics.
LIGHT-SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Optics
Jie LI, Mengyue Shi, Yong Wu, Zhiwei Fang, Jiajin Wang, Huan Mu, Weisheng Hu, Lilin Yi
Summary: We propose a novel driving scheme using external high-order phase modulation to suppress stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) in master oscillator power amplification (MOPA) systems. A chirp-like signal is designed by further processing a piecewise parabolic signal, which can uniformly broaden the SBS gain spectrum with a high threshold. The SBS threshold is theoretically modeled based on the three-wave coupling equation, and experimental validation in a watt-class amplifier demonstrates significant improvement in SBS suppression compared to traditional spectra.
Article
Optics
Shupeng Yu, Zhiwei Fang, Zhe Wang, Yuan Zhou, Qinfen Huang, Jian Liu, Rongbo Wu, Haisu Zhang, Min Wang, Ya Cheng
Summary: We demonstrate an on-chip single-mode Er3+-doped thin-film lithium niobate (Er:TFLN) laser with a Fabry-Perot resonator based on Sagnac loop reflectors. The fabricated laser has a footprint of 6.5 mm x 1.5 mm, a loaded quality (Q) factor of 1.6 x 10^5, and a free spectral range (FSR) of 63 pm. We achieve single-mode laser operation at 1544 nm wavelength with a maximum output power of 44.7 μW and a slope efficiency of 0.18%.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ting Huang, Yu Ma, Zhiwei Fang, Junxia Zhou, Yuan Zhou, Zhe Wang, Jian Liu, Zhenhua Wang, Haisu Zhang, Min Wang, Jian Xu, Ya Cheng
Summary: In this study, a narrow linewidth 980 nm laser is demonstrated by injecting an electrically pumped distributed-feedback (DFB) laser diode into a high-quality lithium niobate (LN) microring resonator. The LN microring resonator is fabricated using the PLACE technique, achieving a high Q factor of 6.91 x 10(5). By coupling the multimode 980 nm laser diode with the high-Q LN microring resonator, the linewidth is narrowed down to 35 pm with a single-mode characteristic. The narrow-linewidth microlaser has an output power of about 4.27 mW and a wavelength tuning range of 2.57 nm. This research explores the potential applications of a hybrid integrated narrow linewidth 980 nm laser in high-efficient pump lasers, optical tweezers, quantum information, chip-based precision spectroscopy, and metrology.
Article
Optics
Zhihao Zhang, Shanming Li, Renhong Gao, Haisu Zhang, Jintian Lin, Zhiwei Fang, Rongbo Wu, Min Wang, Zhenhua Wang, Yin Hang, Ya Cheng
Summary: In this work, a photonic integrated waveguide amplifier fabricated on erbium-ytterbium (Er-Yb) codoped thin-film lithium nio-bate (TFLN) is investigated. A small-signal internal net gain of 27 dB is achieved at a signal wavelength of 1532 nm in the fabricated Er-Yb TFLN waveguide amplifier pumped by a diode laser at 980 nm. Experimental characterizations demonstrate the suitability of waveguide fabrication by the photolithography-assisted chemo-mechanical etching (PLACE) technique and the gain in an Yb-sensitized-Er material. The demonstrated high-gain chip-scale TFLN amplifier is promising for interfacing with established lithium niobate integrated devices, greatly extending the spectrum of TFLN photonic applications.
Article
Optics
Jintian Lin, Saeed Farajollahi, Zhiwei Fang, Ni Yao, Renhong Gao, Jianglin Guan, Li Deng, Tao Lu, Min Wang, Haisu Zhang, Wei Fang, Lingling Qiao, Ya Cheng
Summary: In this study, single-frequency ultranarrow linewidth lasers were achieved on erbium ion-doped lithium niobate microdisks through excitation of high-Q polygon modes, resulting in a significantly reduced linewidth. Moreover, real-time electro-optical tuning of the microlasers was demonstrated using the strong linear electro-optic effect of LN.
ADVANCED PHOTONICS
(2022)
