Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Luca Pisani, Marco Antonellini, Ilenia M. D'Angeli, Jo De Waele
Summary: The study highlighted the timing and structural characteristics of different fracture sets affecting outcropping carbonates in the Majella anticline in Italy. It found that deep-rooted, sub-vertical strike-slip fault zones were the main pathways for ascending acidic fluid flow, leading to dissolution along bedding planes and zones of localized deformation. These fault zones control efficient permeability pathways and are first-order controlling features for fluid flow in fold-and-thrust belts.
JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Rui Wang, Bo Liu
Summary: This study proposes a method of using pre-stack inversion for seismic prediction in carbonate karst reservoirs, and validates its feasibility through actual data and case studies.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Rebeca S. Lima, Vincenzo La Bruna, Renata E. B. Araujo, Jane Nobre-Lopes, Francisco H. R. Bezerra, Augusto S. Auler, Francisco P. Lima-Filho
Summary: The present study investigates the impact of fractures on localization of karst systems in carbonate units. The results indicate that sedimentary facies control the distribution of fractures, with mudstone and packstone-grainstone facies behaving as reservoirs or geofluid conduits, while the mixed carbonate-siliciclastic facies acts as a geofluid barrier.
JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Marjan Temovski, Marianna Turi, Istvan Futo, Mihaly Braun, Mihaly Molnar, Laszlo Palcsu
Summary: The study used a combination of geochemical methods to investigate three low-temperature thermal springs in Mariovo, North Macedonia, revealing that the main springs likely represent a regional hypogene karst groundwater system with deep-circulating thermal water mixing with shallow cold karst groundwater.
HYDROGEOLOGY JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Christoph Spoetl, Yuri Dublyansky, Gabriella Koltai, Charlotte Honiat, Lukas Plan, Thomas Angerer
Summary: This study demonstrates that geochemical analysis of cave wall rock samples can identify hypogene karstification and provide further insights into the temperature and provenance of paleowater, as well as the source of its dissolved inorganic carbon.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Dancheng Zhu, Huayao Zou, Minglei Yang, Ting Li, Tao Li, Haiping Li, Liang Xu, Long Wen, Gang Zhou
Summary: The study indicates the presence of a dual permeability system in the Middle Permian Maokou limestone reservoir in the southern Sichuan Basin, mainly formed by karstification in the late Maokouan Age. Shoal facies, paleotopography, and syndepositional faults are the primary factors controlling the development and distribution of karst features within the reservoir. The highland edges, western lower slopes, and eastern upper slopes are identified as potential sweet spots in the reservoir.
JOURNAL OF PETROLEUM SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Yang Yang, Zaixing Jiang, Shengqian Liu, Yang Li
Summary: This study describes an eogenetic karst formed in a saline lacustrine setting in the upper 4th member of the Shahejie Formation (Es4(s)), Dongying Depression, China. The karstification occurred over approximately 2 million years due to tectonic uplift, resulting in pervasive macroporosity development and the formation of caves filled with sediment. The dissolution effects were influenced by primary lithofacies, with boundstone and grainstone intervals potentially serving as favorable petroleum reservoirs.
MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Liu Yang, Zhong Li, Mei Zhang, Jingbo Yu, Jiaqing Liu
Summary: This paper utilizes the FMI method integrated with seismic data, drilling cores and thin sections to conduct a high-resolution characterization of a deeply buried carbonate karst in the Tarim Basin of China. The results show that the type and scale of wellbore karst architecture are mainly controlled by karst paleogeomorphology and vertical faults. Furthermore, the vertical fault is also able to promote the development of mixing karst, serving as an effective hydrocarbon reservoir.
GEOLOGICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ahmed E. Radwan, Fabio Trippetta, Ahmed A. Kassem, Maciej Kania
Summary: The Radwany Formation in the Gulf of Suez region has been newly identified as a potential reservoir rock with a combination of depositional and diagenetic processes creating various porosity types. Petrophysical evaluations and geochemical analysis have indicated the presence of unconventional and conventional hydrocarbon resources in this formation, particularly in the basal part, making it a valuable area for exploration. The study also highlights the importance of understanding the link between sediment microfacies and petrophysical parameters for predicting hydrocarbon potential in the area.
JOURNAL OF PETROLEUM SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Sasa Milanovic, Ljiljana Vasic, Branislav Petrovic, Tina Dasic, Veljko Marinovic, Petar Vojnovic
Summary: The long-term groundwater monitoring in the Bileca reservoir reveals a strong hydraulic connection between the reservoir and the karst aquifer in the right bank. The influence of the reservoir on the remote areas of the right-bank karst aquifer has not been thoroughly studied due to complex lithostratigraphic characteristics and a tectonic structure. This paper presents the analysis of new hydrogeological data to create a 3D spatial model and understand the karst system's behavior under regular and artificial hydrological conditions.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Yifan Bao, Zhonghe Pang, Tianming Huang, Yiman Li, Jiao Tian, Ji Luo, Tingqing Qian
Summary: By analyzing multiple isotopes, we investigated the origin and evolution of sulfate concentration in the Tangquan Karst geothermal system in Nanjing, China. The sulfate was found to mainly come from the dissolution of gypsum and other evaporite minerals occurring in the carbonate reservoir.
APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Yong Dan, Hongqi Dong, Bin Liang, Guoquan Nie, Xiuquan Hu, Shaocong Ji, Kai Han
Summary: In recent years, drilling deep karst caves as part of deep shale gas resource exploration and engineering construction has become increasingly common in South China. However, there is relatively little research on the genesis and development mechanism of these caves. Through analysis of drilling core karst morphology and various exploration methods, it was found that deep karst in the Huanjiang area is mainly composed of cracks, expanding holes, and dolomite honeycomb pores, with large karst caves developed along NW-trending faults. The development of deep karst space is found to be related to two genetic types - hypogene hydrothermal karst and groundwater deep circulation karst. The formation of deep karst space is a result of multi-stage karst superposition and is primarily controlled by faults. The study provides theoretical support for predicting karst in southern China and avoiding drilling deep karst caves as part of resource exploitation.
Article
Geology
Enrico Bonamini, Fabrizio Berra
Summary: The Norian succession in the Southern Alps of Italy contains thick deposits of resedimented carbonates that were deposited in fault-controlled basins. Detailed analysis of stratigraphic logs provides valuable information on the distribution of different depositional processes and helps interpret basin morphology.
SEDIMENTARY GEOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Qiang Wang
Summary: Based on a systematic study of the characteristics of sedimentary rock reservoirs on the right bank of the Amu Darya River, the features of the Callovian-Oxfordian platform and the gentle slope sedimentary system in the Amu Darya Basin of Turkmenistan were summarized. The main reservoir types on the right bank of the Amu Darya River, including porous reservoirs, vuggy reservoirs, fractured-porous reservoirs, and fractured-vuggy reservoirs, were identified, providing guidance for further exploration and development in this area.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Jihad Hamd, Adrian Cerepi, Rudy Swennen, Corinne Loisy, Serge Galaup, Lea Pigot
Summary: This paper studies the sedimentary and diagenetic factors controlling the heterogeneity and petrophysical properties of carbonate reservoir systems. The research findings show that diagenetic processes such as dolomitization play a crucial role in the development of porosity and permeability in reservoir rocks.
MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Augusto S. Auler, Zoran Stevanovic
HYDROGEOLOGY JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Julia Favoreto, Bruno Valle, Leonardo Borghi, Patrick Fuhr Dal' Bo, Marcelo Mendes, Michele Arena, Jeferson Santos, Helisson Santos, Carolina Ribeiro, Pedro Coelho
Summary: The Morro do Chaves Formation is a sedimentary succession composed of shell beds interbedded with mudstones and sandstones, deposited during the rifting process of the Gondwana in a complex lake rift system. This study focuses on characterizing different facies and their associations, developing a conceptual depositional model based on continuous well core analysis and stratigraphic correlation. The results show that carbonate and carbonate-hybrid rocks are mainly composed of bivalves formed during dry periods, while siliciclastic rocks indicate active tectonic and/or climatic wet periods.
MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Bernardo Vazquez-Garcia, Daiane Ceolin, Gerson Fauth, Leonardo Borghi, Bruno Valle, Aristoteles De Moraes Rios Netto
Summary: This study presents taxonomic reports and biostratigraphic inferences of ostracods based on the basal section of the cored well UFRJ-2-LRJ-01-SE in the Votorantim quarry, Sergipe-Alagoas Basin, Brazil. A total of 52 ostracod species were identified, including five new species. The biozones proposed with ostracodes coincide with the biozones of calcareous nannofossils found in the cored well.
JOURNAL OF SOUTH AMERICAN EARTH SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Vincenzo La Bruna, Francisco H. R. Bezerra, Victor H. P. Souza, Rubson P. Maia, Augusto S. Auler, Renata E. B. Araujo, Caroline L. Cazarin, Marcos A. F. Rodrigues, Lucieth C. Vieira, Maria O. L. Sousa
Summary: By studying the Cristal Cave Karst System in the São Francisco Craton of Brazil, it was found that the cave system occurs in a regional folded sector and high-permeability zones are formed along fracture corridors at the fold hinges.
MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Kayla A. Calapa, Melissa K. Mulford, Tyler D. Rieman, John M. Senko, Augusto S. Auler, Ceth W. Parker, Hazel A. Barton
Summary: Microbial Fe(III) reduction contributes to void and cave formation in Fe(III)-rich rocks. Groundwater flow can alleviate the passivation of biogenic Fe(II) and accelerate cave formation. Reductive weathering of Fe(III)-rich rocks may be more substantial than previously understood.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Geography, Physical
Augusto S. Auler, Hazel A. Barton, Barbara Zambelli, John Senko, Ceth W. Parker, Ira D. Sasowsky, Tatiana A. R. Aouza, Diego Pujoni, Jorge Penaranda, Reed Davis
Summary: Iron formations, some of the oldest and most enigmatic landforms on Earth, are currently restricted to a few areas. This study aims to analyze the morphology and development of porosity in iron formations and evaluate the geobiological mechanisms responsible for iron and silica mobilization. The research reveals that the generation of pores through corrosion and the interplay of geological and bacterial processes contribute to the formation of caves and voids. However, mining activities have a significant impact on these geological processes, highlighting the need for preservation measures.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Marcos Nunes, Bruno Valle, Leonardo Borghi, Julia Favoreto, Marcelo Mendes
Summary: This study introduced a novel method of petrophysical characterization of coquinas through a multi-technique and multi-scale approach, analyzing mineralogical content, x-ray attenuation, and pore type to define tomofacies and rock types. The upscaling method using tomofacies and rock types proved to be successful in improving reservoir characterization in heterogeneous and complex limestone successions, revealing better reservoir quality in the upper portion of the Morro do Chaves Formation core and poorer reservoir quality influenced by cementation processes in the lower portion.
JOURNAL OF PETROLEUM SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Joao M. P. Gomes, Aristoteles M. Rios-Netto, Leonardo Borghi, Ismar de Souza Carvalho, Joao G. Mendonca Filho, Lilia D. Sabaraense, Bruno C. Araujo
Summary: The study of upper Crato Member in the Araripe Basin applied cyclostratigraphic analysis to estimate sediment accumulation rates related to astronomical cycles. By analyzing the laminated limestone and investigating environmental changes, research identified Milankovitch and Suess high frequency solar cycles, determining deposition rate and time span involved.
JOURNAL OF SOUTH AMERICAN EARTH SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Victor Matheus Joaquim Salgado-Campos, Ismar de Souza Carvalho, Luiz Carlos Bertolino, Thamiris Agatha Duarte, Bruno Cesar Araujo, Leonardo Borghi
Summary: The study on the mineralogical and lithogeochemical characterization of the Crato Member lutites revealed regional arid paleoclimate conditions and subtle differences in paleoprecipitation and provenance. Analysis identified tidal-dominated delta mouth bar facies in the lower Tres Irma quarry with drier conditions, while a marginal paleolagoon facies in the upper quarry indicated wetter conditions. Additionally, lithogeochemical data suggested provenance from different geological rocks.
JOURNAL OF SOUTH AMERICAN EARTH SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Luca Pisani, Marco Antonellini, Francisco H. R. Bezerra, Cristina Carbone, Augusto S. Auler, Philippe Audra, Vincenzo La Bruna, Giovanni Bertotti, Fabrizio Balsamo, Cayo C. C. Pontes, Jo De Waele
Summary: This paper documents the relationships between stratigraphy, structural patterns, silicification, and the spatial-morphological organization of a 3D multistorey cave system developed in a Neoproterozoic mixed carbonate-siliciclastic sequence. The combination of lithology, silicification, fracture patterns, and petrophysical properties control the formation of high or low permeability zones, which are fundamental for the spatial organization of dissolution and the compartmentalization of the resulting conduit system. The Calixto Cave is an enlightening example for the complex speleogenetic history affecting a mixed carbonate-siliciclastic succession.
MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Carla P. Q. Furtado, Walter E. Medeiros, Sergio V. Borges, Juliana A. G. Lopes, Francisco H. R. Bezerra, Francisco P. Lima-Filho, Rubson P. Maia, Giovanni Bertotti, Augusto S. Auler, Washington L. E. Teixeira
Summary: The present study used a multitool approach to characterize fractures in large fracture corridors, caves, and canyons and investigated their impact on fluid flow in carbonate units. The study revealed that fracture corridors comprise multiple subvertical and conjugate fracture sets, which have a significant influence on fluid flow. The formation of secondary macroporosity provides insights for the study of reservoirs formed in similar structural controls.
MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Carla P. Q. Furtado, Sergio V. F. Borges, Francisco H. R. Bezerra, David L. de Castro, Rubson P. Maia, Washington L. E. Teixeira, Anderson M. Souza, Augusto S. Auler, Francisco P. Lima-Filho
Summary: Understanding how fractures influence fluid flow in carbonate rocks is crucial for understanding karst evolution, oil reservoirs, and aquifer exploitation. This study investigates the geometry of karst fractures in the Irece Basin, Brazil using UAV, LiDAR, and ERT techniques. The results highlight the importance of fracture systems in cave connectivity, permeability, and development.
JOURNAL OF SOUTH AMERICAN EARTH SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ceth W. Parker, John M. Senko, Augusto S. Auler, Ira D. Sasowsky, Frederik Schulz, Tanja Woyke, Hazel A. Barton
Summary: Microbially-mediated reductive Fe(III) dissolution transforms poorly soluble Fe(III) phases into soluble Fe(II), leading to mass separation and wall collapse behind cave walls, ultimately forming the cave void. This novel mechanism of speleogenesis may explain BIF dissolution and REE enrichment, and also identify a previously overlooked source of continental Fe.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Julia Favoreto, Leonardo Borghi, Bruno Valle, Marcos Nunes, Helisson Santos, Michele Arena, Maira C. O. Lima, Patrick Fuhr Dal' Bo, Jeferson Santos, Carolina Ribeiro, Pedro Coelho, Marcelo Mendes
Summary: The bioclastic and siliciclastic deposits of the Morro do Chaves Formation in northeastern Brazil are similar to the Brazilian Pre-salt rift reservoirs in terms of their deposition and diagenetic processes. The study examines the petrographic characteristics of these deposits and analyzes the distribution of cement, providing insights into the porosity and permeability enhancement in different cycles. The research also identifies the relationship between cement occurrence and sedimentological and stratigraphic controls, contributing to a better understanding of analogous lacustrine bioclastic reservoirs in the Pre-salt interval.
MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geology
Victor Matheus Joaquim Salgado-Campos, Ismar de Souza Carvalho, Luiz Carlos Bertolino, Leonardo Borghi, Aristoteles de Moraes Rios-Netto, Bruno Cesar Araujo, Danielle Cardoso de Souza, Lais de Oliveira Ferreira, Fabia Emanuela Rafaloski Bobco
Summary: The Codo Formation in the Parnaiba Basin, Brazil, is an important lacustrine depositional system with high organic matter content and similarities to the Brazilian Pre-salt interval. This study provides new mineralogical and lithogeochemical data to improve understanding of the environmental, climatic, and provenance evolution of the Codo deposits.
SEDIMENTARY GEOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Weijiao Ma, Jinbu Li, Min Wang
Summary: The petroleum resource assessment obtained from laboratory tests on old core samples tends to underestimate the in situ resources. This study investigates the hydrocarbon loss and restoration by comparing preserved and exposed core samples. It is found that previous studies have severely underestimated the in situ hydrocarbon potential due to factors such as sample crushing and crucible waiting. A new restoration model is proposed to compensate for these losses.
MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Shaoyun Chen, Yongqiang Yang, Longwei Qiu, Xiaojuan Wang, Erejep Habilaxim
Summary: Quartz cement is an important authigenic mineral in the tight sandstones of the Shaximiao Formation in the Sichuan Basin. This study analyzed the silicon sources of the quartz cement using mineralogical, fluid inclusion, and geochemical data. The results showed that smectite alteration and dissolution of aluminosilicate minerals were the primary sources of silicon for quartz cementation. Contributions from volcanic material hydrolysis and pressure solution were relatively minor. The presence of chlorite films inhibited the development of quartz overgrowths and had minimal impact on reservoir quality.
MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Xing Jian, Ping Guan, Ling Fu, Wei Zhang, Xiaotian Shen, Hanjing Fu, Ling Wang
Summary: This study presents a synthesis of new detrital zircon dating results and published data from the Cenozoic Qaidam basin, revealing the spatiotemporal variation of detrital zircon age populations and supporting models of synchronous deformation in northern Tibet. The study emphasizes the importance of considering textural and sedimentological parameters in zircon provenance interpretations, as well as the need for integrated provenance analysis involving other detritus components.
MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
A. Peketi, G. Sriram, A. Mazumdar, P. Dewangan, A. Zatale, V. Rajurkar, Gayatri Shirodkar, V. Mahale, V. Yatheesh
Summary: This study investigates 13 submarine seamounts in the southern Andaman volcanic arc and observes evidence of hydrothermal activity in one of the seamounts. The evidence includes plumes rich in dissolved gases, live chemosymbiotic organisms, and the deposition of neoforming minerals. These observations suggest the development of a new hydrothermal field in the least explored Andaman Sea.
MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Yanxian Zhu, Zhiliang He, Xiaowen Guo, Long Li, Sheng He, Jian Gao, Shuangjian Li, Huili Li
Summary: This study investigates the fluid evolution history of the hydrothermal dolomite reservoir in the Middle Permian Maokou Formation in the Sichuan Basin. The results reveal the diagenetic sequences, mineral origins, salinity history, and pressure evolution using various analytical techniques. The findings provide important insights into the gas charge, escape, and preservation conditions of the reservoir.
MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Rafaella de Carvalho Antunes, Julia Campos Guerrero, Ricardo Jorge Jahnert
Summary: This study presents a detailed sedimentary model and identifies various sedimentary facies associations in the coquina deposits of the Itapema Formation in the offshore pre-salt Buzios Field of the Santos Basin. These facies associations were primarily influenced by waves and currents and reflect a complex depositional system.
MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Kang Meng, Tongwei Zhang, Deyong Shao, Xiuyan Liu, Hui Song, Heng Peng
Summary: In this study, an integrated method of measuring optical reflectance and Raman spectroscopy is proposed to accurately determine the thermal maturity of Lower Cambrian shales in South China. The results show that this method is reliable and effective, and it has important implications for analyzing overmature shale.
MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Mohamed A. K. El-Ghali, Olga Shelukhina, Iftikhar Ahmed Abbasi, Mohamed S. H. Moustafa, Osman Salad Hersi, Numair A. Siddiqui, Khalid Al-Ramadan, Abdullah Alqubalee, Abdulwahab Muhammad Bello, Abduljamiu O. Amao
Summary: This study employs an integrated depositional and sequence stratigraphic approach to assess the control of diagenesis on reservoir porosity of a hybrid-energy delta system. The study focuses on the Barik Formation in the Haushi-Huqf region of Central Oman, which represents a highstand system tract of a hybrid-energy delta. The assessments reveal that the reservoir porosity is controlled by various degrees of diagenetic processes, including mechanically infiltrated clays and kaolinitization of silicate grains.
MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Xiaocan Yu, Chunlian Wang, Hua Huang, Kai Yan
Summary: Oilfield brines are a significant alternative lithium resource. This study investigates the metallogenic characteristics and enrichment process of oilfield brines from the Jianghan Basin, central China using chemical and multi-isotope data. The results suggest that lithium enrichment in these brines is the result of interaction with clastic host rocks and dilution by meteoric water.
MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Jianghao Qiao, Xiwu Luan, Thanuja D. Raveendrasinghe, Yintao Lu, Guozhang Fan, Xinyuan Wei, Long Jin, Jian Yin, Haozhe Ma, Lushan Jiang
Summary: This study investigates the Tanintharyi passive continental margin in the Andaman Sea and reveals the potential of the Oligocene/Early Miocene carbonate platform in the region as a significant hydrocarbon reservoir. It also examines the influence of changes in sedimentary facies and the tectonic setting of the Andaman Sea on the evolution of pockmarks.
MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Anastasios Nikitas, Georgios Makrodimitras, Maria V. Triantaphyllou, Nikolaos Pasadakis, Kimon Christanis, Stavros Kalaitzidis, Grigoris Rousakis, Ioannis Panagiotopoulos, Alexandra Gogou, Alexandros Papadopoulos, Efthimios Tartaras, Aristofanis Stefatos
Summary: Due to the lack of deep wells in the broader region, studying mud volcanic deposits can improve the geological understanding of the Mediterranean Ridge. In this study, biostratigraphic and geochemical analyses were performed on mud breccia deposits from five Mud Volcanoes in the central MR. The results indicate the origin of these deposits and provide insights into the source rock potential. Seismic data is also used to determine the distribution of major lithostratigraphic formations.
MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
(2024)