Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Franziska S. Mueschenich, Thorsten Sichtermann, Maria Elisa Di Francesco, Rea Rodriguez-Raecke, Lennart Heim, Marco Singer, Martin Wiesmann, Jessica Freiherr
Summary: The study found that eucalyptol can mask the olfactory but not trigeminal sensation of ammonia. Participants rated the pleasantness of a mixture differently depending on which component dominated their perception. Functional imaging data showed individual differences in neural activation patterns related to the perception of the mixture. Personal perception differences may affect activation patterns in the brain regions associated with sensory processing.
BRAIN STRUCTURE & FUNCTION
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Andrea N. Goldstein-Piekarski, Joseph Wielgosz, Lan Xiao, Patrick Stetz, Carlos G. Correa, Sarah E. Chang, Nan Lv, Lisa G. Rosas, Philip W. Lavori, Mark B. Snowden, Elizabeth M. Venditti, Janine M. Simmons, Joshua M. Smyth, Trisha Suppes, Megan A. Lewis, Olusola Ajilore, Jun Ma, Leanne M. Williams
Summary: This study investigated whether behavioral intervention could change the negative affect circuit in patients with depression and obesity, and found that these changes were related to subsequent improvements in symptoms and problem-solving abilities.
Article
Neurosciences
Michael Marxen, Mark J. Jacob, Lydia Hellrung, Philipp Riedel, Michael N. Smolka
Summary: Our study investigated the correlation between BOLD activity and RTs in the context of emotional distractor effects. Results showed significant regression coefficients in regions such as the anterior insula, supplementary motor cortex, medial precentral regions, and sensory-motor areas, but not in the amygdala. Subjects exhibiting a stronger RT distractor effect across trials also showed a stronger BOLD valence contrast in the right anterior insula but not in the amygdala.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2021)
Article
Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
April Pike, Sheila Moodie, Karen Parsons, Anne Griffin, Joanne Smith-Young, Terry-Lynn Young, Leon Mills, Myrtle Barrett, Leanna Rowe, Marie Parsons, Henry Kielley, Michael Fleming
Summary: The study found that many individuals do not recognize hearing loss in its early stages, but it is important to identify motivators to engage individuals in their hearing health as early as possible to mitigate potential negative outcomes. Taking a proactive approach to hearing health can help alleviate the impact of hearing loss.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AUDIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Yangke Mao, Pan Zhang, Ruirui Sun, Xinyue Zhang, Yuqi He, Siyang Li, Tao Yin, Fang Zeng
Summary: This study systematically searched databases and conducted a meta-analysis using the AES-SDM method. The results showed that patients with functional dyspepsia (FD) exhibited abnormal activity patterns in multiple brain regions related to visceral sensation perception, pain modulation, and emotion regulation, providing an integrated insight into the neuropathological characteristics of FD.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Jennifer Choi, Taylor Kane, Lauren Propst, Sara Spencer, Jamie Kostialik, Aishwarya Arjunan
Summary: The study surveyed 150 individuals to understand the needs and experiences of the X-linked carrier community. Majority of participants learned about their carrier status through giving birth to a son with an X-linked condition. Over 80% felt they should know their carrier status before the age of 18, and many reported having symptoms related to their X-linked condition but lacking access to knowledgeable healthcare providers.
JOURNAL OF ASSISTED REPRODUCTION AND GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Hannah Bergwell, Michael P. P. Trevarrow, Elizabeth Heinrichs-Graham, Anna Reelfs, Lauren R. R. Ott, Samantha H. H. Penhale, Tony W. W. Wilson, Max J. J. Kurz
Summary: Cerebral palsy (CP) is a common neurodevelopmental motor disability that causes life-long sensory, perception, and motor impairments. The underlying neurophysiological mechanisms of these impairments worsening during transition from adolescence to adulthood remain poorly understood. Using magnetoencephalographic (MEG) brain imaging, this study found that individuals with CP exhibit altered spontaneous cortical activity during this transition period.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Jasper B. Zantvoord, Paul Zhutovsky, Judith B. M. Ensink, Rosanne Op den Kelder, Guido A. van Wingen, Ramon J. L. Lindauer
Summary: This study found that poor treatment response in youth with PTSD was associated with atypical development of the insula, suggesting a potential underlying factor for persistent PTSD. There were no significant differences in structural MRI changes between treatment responders and non-responders at baseline or follow-up, indicating that successful trauma-focused psychotherapy may not directly normalize brain abnormalities associated with PTSD.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Editorial Material
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Richard J. C. Brown, Martin J. T. Milton
Summary: The SI prefixes are crucial for effectively communicating scientific information, as explained by Richard Brown and Martin Milton in their update.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Odile Feys, Serge Goldman, Valentina Lolli, Chantal Depondt, Benjamin Legros, Nicolas Gaspard, Sophie Schuind, Xavier De Tiege, Estelle Rikir
Summary: Insular epilepsy requires appropriate diagnostic tools due to its heterogeneous seizure semiology and limited contribution of scalp EEG signals. The deep and highly connected location of the insula presents surgical challenges. Advances in diagnostic and therapeutic tools, such as functional MRI and SEEG, have improved the management of insular epilepsy. Tailored resection based on SEEG or alternative curative treatments have shown promising results.
Article
Neurosciences
Michael Marxen, Johanna E. Graff, Philipp Riedel, Michael N. Smolka
Summary: The study demonstrates a novel method called CTMC that allows the extraction of relative timing information of regional brain activity during attention capture. It reveals that early activity in the dorsal anterior insula is predictive of behavioral performance, while signals from the amygdala and ventral anterior insula are not. This finding provides new insights into the brain's salience processing and emphasizes the role of the dorsal anterior insula in this context.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Edmund T. Rolls, Gustavo Deco, Chu-Chung Huang, Jianfeng Feng
Summary: This study used the multimodal parcellation atlas of the Human Connectome Project (HCP) to measure the effective connectivity, functional connectivity, and tractography between 57 cortical frontal and somatosensory regions and the 360 cortical regions. The results showed that the ventral somatosensory stream and the dorsal action somatosensory stream have different connections with other brain regions, indicating their involvement in different cognitive functions.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Kazuyori Yagyu, Atsuhito Toyomaki, Naoki Hashimoto, Hideaki Shiraishi, Ichiro Kusumi, Harumitsu Murohashi
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the difficulty in distinguishing self-generated actions from actions generated by others in patients with schizophrenia. The results showed no abnormalities in self-perception ability in the primary sensory areas. Further research may help uncover the possibility of disturbances in self-perception ability in the primary sensory cortex.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Jo Armour Smith, Rongwen Tain, Kelli G. Sharp, Laura M. Glynn, Linda R. Van Dillen, Korinne Henslee, Jesse V. Jacobs, Steven C. Cramer
Summary: This study used a new fMRI-compatible paradigm to investigate the brain activation associated with postural control. The results showed that altered postural control in the trunk and hip musculature is related to brain activation in the right primary and secondary sensorimotor cortical regions. Future studies can utilize this paradigm to further understand the mechanisms underlying impaired postural control.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Brita Kilburg-Basnyat
Summary: The student stated that they don't think industry is a good fit because they are not motivated by money. As an industry scientist, this surprised me. I was attending a conference event to help graduate students and postdocs explore career options and connect with professionals from various fields. Most attendees were eager to learn about their options and some were seriously considering industry. I was glad to assist them in figuring out if it was the right path for them and how to get there. The dismissive comment from the student caught me off-guard, however, I suspect others may have felt the same way. After a brief pause, I shared my own journey.
Article
Psychiatry
Yafit Levin, Rahel Bachem, Dorit Brafman, Menachem Ben-Ezra
Summary: Negative symptoms of schizophrenia have been overlooked, and this study found an association between negative symptoms and the risk of dissociative disorder, independently of depression and anxiety symptoms. It is important to consider both negative symptoms and dissociative symptoms in clinical practice to better understand their interaction.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2024)
Review
Psychiatry
Roland Mergl, Sarah M. Quaatz, Vanessa Lemke, Antje-Kathrin Allgaier
Summary: Women who have had miscarriages or stillbirths have an increased risk for depressive symptoms and disorders, with a wide range of prevalence rates. However, depressive symptoms tend to diminish over time.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Psychiatry
Hai-Yang Wang, Lin Zhang, Bei-Yan Guan, Shi-Yao Wang, Cui-Hong Zhang, Ming-Fei Ni, Yan-Wei Miao, Bing-Wei Zhang
Summary: This study investigates the association between cognitive reappraisal and panic disorder (PD), and finds that PD patients have weakened functional connectivity between the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and the amygdala, which is associated with the severity of PD symptoms. Additionally, cognitive reappraisal is negatively correlated with PD severity, and the PFC-amygdala functional connectivity plays a mediating role in this association.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Psychiatry
Yanqiang Tao, Xinyuan Zou, Qihui Tang, Wenxin Hou, Shujian Wang, Zijuan Ma, Gang Liu, Xiangping Liu
Summary: Depression and anxiety are prevalent mental disorders among adolescents. The study utilized network analysis to examine the symptom dimension of depression and anxiety in different age groups of adolescents. The results indicated that different age groups have different key symptoms and bridging symptoms, highlighting the importance of targeting specific symptoms at different stages of adolescence in treatment to alleviate the comorbidity of anxiety and depression.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Psychiatry
Philip J. Batterham, Aliza Werner-Seidler, Bridianne O'Dea, Alison L. Calear, Kate Maston, Andrew Mackinnon, Helen Christensen
Summary: Screening for psychological distress in adolescents is important, and the Distress Questionnaire-5 (DQ5) is a reliable measure for this purpose. The study found that DQ5 had good fit to a unidimensional construct, strong criterion and predictive validity, and sensitivity to change. The brevity and ease of interpretation of DQ5 make it suitable for screening in schools.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Psychiatry
Xiaoli Liu, Qianqian Chen, Fang Cheng, Wenhao Zhuang, Wenwu Zhang, Yiping Tang, Dongsheng Zhou
Summary: This study found working memory defects in adolescents with major depressive disorder compared to healthy controls based on mean oxy-hemoglobin changes, which can be useful for distinguishing adolescents with MDD from healthy controls.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Psychiatry
Anders Nordahl-Hansen, Hugo Cogo-Moreira, Sareh Panjeh, Daniel S. Quintana
Summary: This article aims to determine empirically-derived effect size thresholds associated with psychotherapy for depressive disorders by calculating the effect size distribution. The findings indicate that the observed effect size thresholds are larger than the suggested guidelines, which has implications for interpreting study effects and planning future research.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Psychiatry
Guangli Zhao, Liyong Yu, Peixin Chen, Keli Zhu, Lu Yang, Wenting Lin, Yucai Luo, Zeyang Dou, Hao Xu, Pan Zhang, Tianmin Zhu, Siyi Yu
Summary: This study investigated the neural mechanisms underlying emotional attention bias in patients with CID using ERP and rs-FC approaches. The results revealed abnormalities in attention processing and connectivity in the emotion-cognition networks of CID patients. This study provides a neural basis for understanding attention bias in CID.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Psychiatry
Seungyeon Lee, Sora Mun, Jiyeong Lee, Hee-Gyoo Kang
Summary: Major depressive disorder is a prevalent condition worldwide, but the proportion of patients receiving treatment has not increased. Biomarkers related to drug-treatment responses can be used to monitor the effectiveness of medication. Serum protein levels were compared among patients with depression who received medication, those who did not, and a control group. Eight biomarkers were identified, which can be used to monitor the effectiveness of drug treatment.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Psychiatry
Alfredo L. Sklar, Fang -Cheng Yeh, Mark Curtis, Dylan Seebold, Brian A. Coffman, Dean F. Salisbury
Summary: This study investigated semantic verbal fluency (SVF) impairments in first-episode psychosis patients within the schizophrenia spectrum. The findings revealed disruptions in both functional and structural connectivity in these patients, as well as an association between enhanced connectivity in the right hemisphere and worse SVF performance and longer disease duration.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Psychiatry
Maksymilian Rejek, Blazej Misiak
Summary: This study investigates the association of the exposome score (ES) with psychosis risk in a non-clinical population. The results show that the ES is associated with the extended psychosis phenotype, suggesting its potential to identify individuals who may benefit from further psychosis risk assessment.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2024)