Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yan Wei, Jun Chen, Xing Xu, Fan Li, Kun Wu, Yingying Jiang, Yuqing Rao, Chen Zhao, Wantao Chen, Xu Wang
Summary: The study demonstrates a critical role for Kdm6a in the regulation of H3k27me3 and its impact on Cry1 expression in the hypothalamus of diet-induced obesity mice. Inhibition of Kdm6a reduces body weight and stabilizes blood glucose homeostasis, suggesting Kdm6a as a potential drug target for obesity and metabolic disorders.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yunseon Jang, Jun Young Heo, Min Joung Lee, Jiebo Zhu, Changjun Seo, Da Hyun Go, Sung Kyung Yoon, Date Yukari, Yuichi Oike, Jong-Woo Sohn, Minho Shong, Gi Ryang Kweon
Summary: The hypothalamic regulation of appetite is crucial for whole-body energy balance. Recent research has shown that angiopoietin-like growth factor (AGF) is expressed in proopiomelanocortin (POMC)-expressing neurons in the hypothalamus and regulated by leptin signaling. These findings provide important insights into the neural mechanisms underlying obesity and anorexia.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Soniya Xavier, Jasmine Gili, Peter McGowan, Simin Younesi, Paul F. A. Wright, David W. Walker, Sarah J. Spencer, Luba Sominsky
Summary: The study findings indicate that a maternal diet high in fat and sugar had minimal negative effects on newborn pups, while consuming a diet rich in omega-3 fatty acids during pregnancy may be detrimental for some metabolic developmental outcomes in the offspring.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Beatriz Ferrer, Lisa M. Prince, Alexey A. Tinkov, Abel Santamaria, Marcelo Farina, Joao Batista Rocha, Aaron B. Bowman, Michael Aschner
Summary: Studies have shown that methylmercury enhances leptin effects in male mice, leading to anorexigenic behavior, with different impacts on the leptin signaling pathway in males and females. Understanding the molecular alterations induced by methylmercury in the hypothalamus advances knowledge of its neurotoxicity and potential for novel therapies.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ting Gong, Ann C. Hashimoto, Alexandru R. Sasuclark, Vedbar S. Khadka, Alexandra Gurary, Matthew W. Pitts
Summary: SELENOM is a positive regulator of leptin signaling and thioredoxin antioxidant activity in the hypothalamus. Deficiency of SELENOM impairs downstream STAT3 phosphorylation and cytosolic calcium responses evoked by leptin treatment.
ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Alana Carolina Costa Veras, Larissa da Silva Bruzasco, Ana Beatriz Profiro Lopes, Beatriz da Silva Franco, Alessandro Spencer de Souza Holanda, Andrea Maculano Esteves, Marciane Milanski, Adriana Souza Torsoni, Leticia Martins Ignacio-Souza, Marcio Alberto Torsoni
Summary: The consumption of saturated fatty acids in coconut oil can lead to insulin and leptin resistance, inflammation, and obesity. This study investigated the effects of coconut oil supplementation on leptin signaling in healthy mice. The results showed that coconut oil induced endoplasmic reticulum stress and leptin resistance in the hypothalamus, favored lipogenesis in adipose tissue, and impaired STAT3 and JAK2 signaling.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Martin Regensburger, Laura Krumm, Manuel Alexander Schmidt, Andreas Schmid, Imke Tabea Spatz, Dominique Cornelius Marterstock, Christoph Kopp, Zacharias Kohl, Arnd Doerfler, Thomas Karrasch, Beate Winner, Jurgen Winkler
Summary: SPG11 patients exhibit altered body composition, adipokine levels, and hypothalamic volume, indicating a link between obesity and hypothalamic neurodegeneration in SPG11.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maciej Wojcik, Agata Krawczynska, Dorota Anna Zieba, Hanna Antushevich, Andrzej Przemyslaw Herman
Summary: This study aimed to determine the influence of leptin on the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-somatotropic (HPS) axis. The research showed that the photoperiod and leptin sensitivity play important roles in regulating HPS axis activity in seasonal ewes. Leptin influences the release of growth hormone in a season-dependent manner, with its effect targeted at the posttranscriptional stages of GH secretion.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Joao A. B. Pedroso, Ivson B. da Silva, Thais T. Zampieri, Leonardo T. Totola, Thiago S. Moreira, Ana P. T. Taniguti, Gabriela P. Diniz, Maria Luiza M. Barreto-Chaves, Jose Donato
Summary: Increasing leptin sensitivity can have therapeutic effects against obesity, but it may also lead to cardiovascular and glucose metabolism issues.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Luciana da Costa Oliveira, Gustavo Paroschi Morais, Franciane Pereira de Oliveira, Milene Montavoni Mata, Allice Santos Cruz Veras, Alisson Luiz da Rocha, Lucila Leico Kagohara Elias, Giovana Rampazzo Teixeira, Camila de Moraes, Dennys E. Cintra, Eduardo R. Ropelle, Leandro P. de Moura, Jose R. Pauli, Ellen C. de Freitas, Rodrigo Rorato, Adelino Sanchez R. da Silva
Summary: Consuming a high-fat diet leads to hypothalamic inflammation and disrupts the leptin pathway, resulting in dysregulated hypothalamic neuronal activities and increased risk of obesity. Intermittent fasting and exercise training have been shown to effectively modulate hypothalamic inflammation and neuronal activity. However, it is unknown whether combining these interventions can better restore hypothalamic homeostasis in the presence of a high-fat diet.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Santiago Guerra-Cantera, Laura M. Frago, Roberto Collado-Perez, Sandra Canelles, Purificacion Ros, Alejandra Freire-Regatillo, Maria Jimenez-Hernaiz, Vicente Barrios, Jesus Argente, Julie A. Chowen
Summary: Dietary intervention can impact metabolic hormones and glucose tolerance in male and female mice, with some parameters returning to normal levels after switching back to a standard diet, but with differences in the rate of recovery. Sex differences were also observed in the response to high fat diet and the switch to a normal diet, particularly in circulating levels of IGF2 and IGFBP2.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Lyvianne Decourtye-Espiard, Maud Clemessy, Patricia Leneuve, Erik Mire, Tatiana Ledent, Yves Le Bouc, Laurent Kappeler
Summary: Nutrition during early postnatal period can have a programming effect on growth trajectory and adult size, regulated by nutritionally regulated hormones. Leptin, secreted by adipocytes, has a programming effect in the hypothalamus, but its direct effect on the development of GHRH neurons is not clear. In this study, using a Ghrh-eGFP mouse model, it was found that leptin can directly stimulate the axonal growth of GHRH neurons in vitro. However, GHRH neurons from underfed pups showed insensitivity to leptin treatment, suggesting a specific response of GHRH neuronal subpopulation to leptin in cases of underfeeding.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kimberly A. Clark, Andrew C. Shin, Madhu P. Sirivelu, Ramya C. MohanKumar, Sreenivasa R. Maddineni, Ramesh Ramachandran, Puliyur S. MohanKumar, Sheba M. J. MohanKumar
Summary: The study showed that leptin gene therapy in STZ-induced diabetic rats was able to partially normalize some neuroendocrine abnormalities, but higher doses of the leptin lentiviral vector (Lepvv) are needed to develop this into a viable option for treating T1D.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Huy Pho, Slava Berger, Carla Freire, Lenise J. Kim, Mi-Kyung Shin, Stone R. Streeter, Nishitha Hosamane, Meaghan E. Cabassa, Frederick Anokye-Danso, Olga Dergacheva, Mateus R. Amorim, Thomaz Fleury-Curado, Jonathan C. Jun, Alan R. Schwartz, Rexford S. Ahima, David Mendelowitz, Vsevolod Y. Polotsky
Summary: This study demonstrates that restoring leptin signaling in the dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH) can increase ventilation during sleep and reduce REM sleep time in db/db mice lacking leptin receptor LepR(b). Leptin had no effect on ventilation during non-REM sleep or CO2 production in these mice.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Gabriel O. de Souza, Frederick Wasinski, Jose Donato
Summary: This study aimed to compare the responses of male and female C57BL/6 mice to various metabolic challenges. The results showed that male mice had stronger responses to food restriction and refeeding, while female mice had higher protection against diet-induced obesity. Additionally, male mice had different feeding responses to ghrelin and leptin compared to females. However, these sex differences were not explained by differences in central responsiveness or neuron fiber density.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kaj Kamstra, Mohammed Z. Rizwan, David R. Grattan, Julia A. Horsfield, Alexander Tups
Summary: In this study, the researchers show that Wnt signaling mediates the glucoregulatory effects of leptin in a zebrafish model. They also find that leptin regulates body weight and size under conditions of nutrient excess. The findings shed new light on the evolutionary function of leptin.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Teodora Georgescu, Zin Khant Aung, David R. Grattan, Rosemary S. E. Brown
Summary: Aggressive behavior is observed in lactating female mice and is controlled by prolactin receptor in the ventromedial nucleus (VMN), which affects other brain regions involved in maternal behavior.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hollian R. Phillipps, Zin Khant Aung, David R. Grattan
Summary: Research has found that prolactin levels in mice are generally low throughout the reproductive cycle, but may experience a surge during proestrus. Despite variability between individuals, both mouse strains showed elevated levels of prolactin during proestrus compared to diestrus.
JOURNAL OF NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Kristina O. Smiley, Rosemary S. E. Brown, David R. Grattan
Summary: Parental care is crucial for successful reproduction in mammals. Recent research has shown that the hormone prolactin plays a key role in regulating paternal behavior in male mice. The study found that two weeks after mating, male mice showed suppression of infanticide and the onset of paternal behavior. The researchers investigated the neural circuitry and found that prolactin-responsive neurons in multiple brain regions are activated during paternal interactions. Furthermore, they discovered that the presence of prolactin and the presence of Prlr on CaMKIIa-expressing neurons are important for paternal behavior.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Judith M. Swart, David R. Grattan, Sharon R. Ladyman, Rosemary S. E. Brown
Summary: Maternal interactions with offspring are rewarding for female mice, and lactogenic hormones play a role in the rewarding effect of pups.
JOURNAL OF NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Muhammad Hassan, David R. R. Grattan, Beulah Leitch
Summary: Childhood absence epilepsy seizures arise from multiple cellular and molecular mechanisms in the cortico-thalamocortical network, which are still being investigated. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial due to the high treatment failure rate and common adverse neurological sequelae.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Rosemary Shanon Eileen Brown, Ireland M. Jacobs, Zin Khant Aung, Pene J. Knowles, David R. Grattan, Sharon R. Ladyman
Summary: Obesity during pregnancy can lead to complications and long-term negative health consequences for both mother and offspring. In a mouse model, diet-induced obesity during pregnancy resulted in higher pup mortality. The study found that obese pregnant mice spent less time engaging in nesting behavior before giving birth and spent less time with their pups after birth, suggesting reduced pup-engagement in the early postpartum period.
JOURNAL OF NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Papillon E. Gustafson, Shahd A. Al-Isawi, Hollian R. Phillipps, Hugo W. Crosse, David R. Grattan, Stephen J. Bunn, Siew H. Yip
Summary: This study investigated the possible involvement of prolactin in the suppression of the HPA axis during lactation. It found that lactating mice had higher circulating prolactin levels than virgin mice. However, the ability of restraint stress to further elevate prolactin levels was diminished in the lactating group.
JOURNAL OF NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lee E. Eiden, David Grattan, Xiao-Dong Wang, Limei Zhang
JOURNAL OF NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ellen G. Wall, Reena Desai, Zin Khant Aung, Shel Hwa Yeo, David R. Grattan, David J. Handelsman, Allan E. Herbison
Summary: Using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, the study provides a detailed profile of gonadal steroid levels across the estrous cycle of C57BL/6J mice. The results show that the levels of estradiol, luteinizing hormone (LH), and prolactin vary at different stages of the estrous cycle, indicating species differences between mice and other ovulating species. These findings have important implications for understanding reproductive physiology in mice.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Eleni C. R. Hackwell, Sharon R. Ladyman, Rosemary S. E. Brown, David R. Grattan
Summary: Lactation in mice is associated with infertility, which is mainly mediated by lactational anestrus characterized by reduced LH secretion and lack of ovulation. Prolactin plays a key role in mediating anestrus during early lactation, even in the absence of suckling stimulus. Pharmacological suppression of prolactin can reduce the period of lactational infertility.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kelly C. Radecki, Matthew J. Ford, Hollian R. Phillipps, Mary Y. Lorenson, David R. Grattan, Yojiro Yamanaka, Ameae M. Walker
Summary: Little is known about the role of prolactin in the oviduct, but this study found that the short form 3 (SF3) of the prolactin receptor is highly expressed in ciliated areas. The study also suggests that prolactin regulates changes in ciliated cell function in the oviduct and its prolonged treatment can negatively impact ciliated cell function and fertility. Additionally, the study hints at additional roles for prolactin in smooth muscle and other stromal cells.