Article
Immunology
Kun Li, Zhibo Zeng, Juanjuan Liu, Lulu Pei, Yaping Wang, Aoyun Li, Muhammad Fakhar-e-Alam Kulyar, Muhammad Shahzad, Khalid Mehmood, Jiakui Li, Desheng Qi
Summary: This study aims to explore the potential relationship between potential pathogens and short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) in diarrheal yaks. Through metagenomics sequencing and SCFA quantitative analysis, the study found a higher degree of dispersion in gene abundance distribution in diarrheal yaks and significant differential abundance genes. Additionally, the study observed a significant decrease in SCFA levels in diarrheal yaks compared to healthy yaks.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Berenike Kircher, Sabrina Woltemate, Frank Gutzki, Dirk Schlueter, Robert Geffers, Heike Baehre, Marius Vital
Summary: This study investigates the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) by different bacteria and their correlation with bacterial abundances. The results show a clear separation between butyrate- and propionate-forming bacteria, with only a few taxa having pathways for the production of both SCFAs. The abundances of pathway-carrying bacteria are positively correlated with the concentrations of respective SCFAs, particularly butyrate. The production of propionate is less imprinted into the core metabolism compared to butyrate. Additionally, stimulating the growth of butyrate- and propionate-producing bacteria leads to more production of these compounds, facilitated by two distinct bacterial groups.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Pingping Yin, Ting Du, Shanrong Yi, Chengcheng Zhang, Leilei Yu, Fengwei Tian, Wei Chen, Qixiao Zhai
Summary: Prebiotics can modulate gut microbiota, but their impact varies depending on the baseline gut microbiota composition and function, specifically the ratio of Bacteroides and Bifidobacterium.
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jingjing Du, Peiwen Zhang, Jiang Luo, Linyuan Shen, Shunhua Zhang, Hao Gu, Jin He, Linghui Wang, Xue Zhao, Mailing Gan, Liu Yang, Lili Niu, Ye Zhao, Qianzi Tang, Guoqing Tang, Dongmei Jiang, Yanzhi Jiang, Mingzhou Li, Anan Jiang, Long Jin, Jideng Ma, Surong Shuai, Lin Bai, Jinyong Wang, Bo Zeng, De Wu, Xuewei Li, Li Zhu
Summary: Betaine can prevent obesity and metabolic syndrome by improving gut microbiota dysbiosis. Akkermansia muciniphila plays a crucial role in regulating the effects of betaine and increasing strains that produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs).
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Camille Martin-Gallausiaux, Ludovica Marinelli, Herve M. Blottiere, Pierre Larraufie, Nicolas Lapaque
Summary: This article discusses the mechanisms and impact of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) on gut functions, host immunity, and human health. SCFA, derived from bacterial fermentation of dietary fibers, serve as important fuels for intestinal epithelial cells and modulate various functions to impact intestinal homeostasis.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NUTRITION SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Peilin Sun, Hua Zhu, Xue Li, Weixiong Shi, Yaxi Guo, Xiaopeng Du, Ling Zhang, Lei Su, Chuan Qin
Summary: This study found that the changes in gut microbiota are associated with cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease mice. Compared to healthy mice, the gut bacterial communities of Alzheimer's disease mice are different and exhibit alterations in metabolic phenotypes. The gut microbiota may affect the occurrence and development of Alzheimer's disease through modulating host metabolism.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Guoqi Dang, Wenxing Wang, Ruqing Zhong, Weida Wu, Liang Chen, Hongfu Zhang
Summary: This study found that dietary pectin supplementation enhances the gut barrier and improves immunity to ameliorate LPS-induced injury by optimizing gut microbiota and their metabolites.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Chiara Tarracchini, Federico Fontana, Gabriele Andrea Lugli, Leonardo Mancabelli, Giulia Alessandri, Francesca Turroni, Marco Ventura, Christian Milani
Summary: The study found that athletes have a gut-associated microbial community enriched in butyrate-producing species compared with non-athletes. This suggests a two-way association between the host's lifestyle and gut microbiota composition, leading to potential intriguing athletic performance outcomes.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Rafli Zulfa Kamil, Agnes Murdiati, Mohammad Juffrie, Jiro Nakayama, Endang Sutriswati Rahayu
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the differences in gut microbiota profile and gastrointestinal environment between normal and undernutrition children. Results showed lower energy intake in the undernutrition group and overexpression of certain genera in the gut microbiota. The gastrointestinal conditions were found to be more acidic in the normal group due to higher concentrations of propionate and butyrate.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Weike Qian, Mingyang Li, Leilei Yu, Fengwei Tian, Jianxin Zhao, Qixiao Zhai
Summary: This study examined the effects of taurine on the intestinal flora and homeostasis of mice. The results showed that taurine supplementation could regulate the intestinal microflora, alter fecal bile acid composition, boost intestinal immunity, resist pathogenic bacterial infections, and enhance flora diversity. Taurine has the potential to shape the gut microbiota of mice and positively affect the restoration of intestinal homeostasis.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Keli Yang, Junkun Niu, Tao Zuo, Yang Sun, Zhilu Xu, Whitney Tang, Qin Liu, Jingwan Zhang, Enders K. W. Ng, Simon K. H. Wong, Yun Kit Yeoh, Paul K. S. Chan, Francis K. L. Chan, Yinglei Miao, Siew C. Ng
Summary: This study reveals that obese individuals, especially those with T2DM, have decreased gut viral richness and diversity compared to lean controls. There are altered viral taxonomic composition and weakened viral-bacterial correlations in obesity, and the gut virome may play a role in the development of obesity and T2DM.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jasenka Zubcevic, Jacqueline Watkins, Cindy Lin, Byrell Bautista, Heather M. Hatch, Sergei G. Tevosian, Linda F. Hayward
Summary: Smoking during pregnancy is strongly associated with adverse outcomes, and the effects of nicotine intake apart from smoking are less explored. This study reveals that changes in the maternal gut microbiome mediate the effects of prenatal nicotine exposure, influencing gene expression and altering fetal exposure to short-chain fatty acids and leptin during in utero development.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Paul Clottes, Nicolas Benech, Chloe Dumot, Sophie Jarraud, Hubert Vidal, Laura Mechtouff
Summary: Despite recent advances in stroke therapy, it remains a leading cause of disability and death, necessitating the identification of new therapeutic targets. Increasingly, dysbiosis of gut microbiota has been recognized as playing a detrimental role in cardiovascular diseases, including stroke. The metabolites produced by gut microbiota, such as trimethylamine-N-oxide, short chain fatty acids, and tryptophan, have been found to be key players. There is evidence linking gut microbiota alteration to cardiovascular risk factors, supported by preclinical studies. Additionally, observational studies have shown that stroke patients with altered gut microbiota experience more complications, larger infarct sizes, and worse clinical outcomes. Various microbiota-targeted strategies, including prebiotics/probiotics and inhibitors of metabolites, have been developed. However, the timing and endpoints of these studies have varied, resulting in different outcomes. Based on available evidence, it is believed that further research on microbiota-targeted strategies, in conjunction with conventional stroke care, should be conducted within three therapeutic time windows: primary prevention or secondary prevention to control cardiovascular risk factors, acute phase to minimize infarct size and systemic complications, and subacute phase to prevent recurrence and promote neurological recovery.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Nanhai Xiao, Shengyue Ruan, Qiufen Mo, Minjie Zhao, Fengqin Feng
Summary: This study examined the impact of sodium benzoate (SB) on the health of normal mice at different stages. The results showed that SB intake for 5 weeks slightly changed gut microbiota composition and increased blood glucose and triglyceride levels. However, SB intake for 10 weeks maintained normal glucolipid metabolism and positively regulated the gut microbiota. The safety of SB for host metabolism and gut microbiota was confirmed through a fecal microbiota transplantation experiment.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Dongmei Wang, Jieying Liu, Liyuan Zhou, Qian Zhang, Ming Li, Xinhua Xiao
Summary: Type 2 diabetes is associated with gut microbiota dysbiosis and disturbed microbial metabolites, and oral glucose-lowering drugs may improve host health by modifying the gut microbiome and gastrointestinal metabolites. Understanding how antidiabetic agents shape the gut microbiome is crucial for optimizing treatment and guiding probiotic therapy.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
