A review on carbon nanotubes: Influencing toxicity and emerging carrier for platinum based cytotoxic drug application

Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) have been frequently acquired as one of the fascinating and advanced nanocarriers for drug delivery and many potential applications due to its unique physicochemical properties. CNTs provided the high surface area for maximum drug loading capacity and ability to cross mammalian cell membranes and allow flexible nature through incorporating assorted functional groups and focused molecules at the constant time. However, an excessive amount of CNTs trigger undesirable toxicity at the sub-atomic cell and animal species which have been reported by many researchers. Despite that, available toxicological concerning about CNTs remains contradictory. Consequently, a systematic understanding of CNT toxicity is required. This review highlighted how several important factors (such as length, diameter, impurities, aggregation, protein corona, and surface modification) that can influence possible toxicological implications. In addition, we conclude the paper by outlining the development of various CNTs conjugated platinum (anti-cancer) drug, profitable for biomedical application and challenges involving CNTs based formulations.