Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
A. Husnain, U. Arshad, M. B. Poindexter, R. Zimpel, M. Nehme Marinho, M. C. Perdomo, P. Fan, K. C. Jeong, C. D. Nelson, I. M. Sheldon, J. J. Bromfield, J. E. P. Santos
Summary: The objective of this experiment was to study the effect of inducing endometrial inflammation by infusing utero-pathogenic bacteria on productive performance and reproduction in lactating cows. The results showed that induced endometrial inflammation compromised milk production and reproduction in cows.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
A. R. Guadagnin, L. K. Fehlberg, B. Thomas, Y. Sugimoto, I. Shinzato, F. C. Cardoso
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of feeding rumen-protected lysine (RPL) prepartum and postpartum on reproductive performance, uterine health, and gene expression. The results showed that feeding RPL prepartum improved uterine immune status, but had no effect on days to first ovulation postpartum.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Dario A. Vallejo-Timaran, Ali Bazzazan, Mariela Segura, Nelson E. Prieto-Cardenas, Rejean C. Lefebvre
Summary: The study aimed to describe the local innate immune response during clinical cervicitis in dairy cows. Results showed that at +3 weeks postpartum, IL1, IL8, and AGP concentrations in the uterus and the fornix were significantly higher in CC cows than healthy cows.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wenxiang Shen, Xiaoyu Ma, Dan Shao, Xiaohu Wu, Shengyi Wang, Juanshan Zheng, Yanan Lv, Xuezhi Ding, Baohua Ma, Zuoting Yan
Summary: The study found that neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are involved in bovine endometrial epithelial cell (BEEC) pyroptosis during endometritis in dairy cows.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Nicolas Barbeau-Gregoire, Alexandre Boyer, Marjolaine Rousseau, Marie-Lou Gauthier, Jocelyn Dubuc
Summary: The study aimed to validate the accuracy of on-farm bacteriological culture media (Tri-plate and Petrifilm) from endometrial samples compared to the results from the diagnostic laboratory. Results showed that using >90 and >100 colonies as criteria for Tri-plate and Petrifilm on-farm systems respectively gave optimal results when compared to the standard laboratory. This suggests that Tri-plate media with a threshold of >90 colonies is effective in diagnosing endometritis accurately.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
T. L. Chandler, T. A. Westhoff, E. L. Behling-Kelly, A. S. Sipka, S. Mann
Summary: Hypocalcemia induced by immune activation is common in postpartum cows, but calcium supplementation does not exacerbate the inflammatory response and may alter the clinical response to acute systemic inflammation.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Panagiotis Ballas, Harald Pothmann, Isabella Pothmann, Marc Drillich, Monika Ehling-Schulz, Karen Wagener
Summary: The objective of this study was to characterize the dynamics of anaerobic cultivable microbiota in the uterus of dairy cows. Samples were collected from 122 dairy cows at six time points after calving, resulting in 1858 bacterial isolates. Remarkable shifts were observed in the composition of microbiota throughout the postpartum period, with some bacteria associated with endometritis and others frequently detected in healthy animals. This study provides valuable information for the development of prevention and therapeutic strategies.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Bingke Wang, Jinbang Xiao, Yongjie Ma, Chuxi Gao, Hanbing Li, Yonghong Jia, Yaping Jin, Pengfei Lin
Summary: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of the hormone program M+C with the Pre-OvSynch program. The results showed that the M+C program had significantly better pregnancy rates and reduced the number of artificial inseminations compared to the Pre-OvSynch program, while also significantly reducing open days.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
J. Dubuc, V Fauteux, M. Villettaz-Robichaud, J-P Roy, M. Rousseau, S. Buczinski
Summary: This study aimed to quantify the efficacy of a second intrauterine cephapirin treatment on postpartum dairy cows affected by PVD or ENDO. Results showed that a second treatment increased the pregnancy risk at first insemination in cows affected by PVD and ENDO. Administering a second intrauterine cephapirin infusion 14 days after the initial treatment did improve subsequent reproductive performance in these cows.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
T. L. Chandler, T. A. Westhoff, A. S. Sipka, T. R. Overton, S. Mann
Summary: Amino acid deficiency is common in postpartum cows and can affect the immune system. This study investigated the clinical and inflammatory responses to a systemic inflammatory stimulus in early postpartum cows after intravenous amino acid infusion. The results showed that cows that received amino acid infusion had higher body temperature and different changes in respiratory rate and heart rate compared to the control group. However, the amino acid infusion did not alter the acute-phase protein response.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Nyabinwa Pascal, Kashongwe Olivier Basole, Hirwa Claire d'Andre, Bebe Bockline Omedo
Summary: This study identified and quantified the direct and indirect associations of cow- and herd-level risk factors with clinical and subclinical endometritis cases observed among zero-grazed dairy cows. Cow-level risk factors like season of calving, dystocia, and body condition score, along with herd-level factors such as cowshed hygiene and farm size, showed strong direct and indirect influences on the occurrence of endometritis cases. Effective management of these factors should be a priority in extension education to help smallholder farmers prevent and control endometritis in their dairy cows.
PREVENTIVE VETERINARY MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Grzegorz Grodkowski, Marcin Golebiewski, Jan Slosarz, Kinga Grodkowska, Piotr Kostusiak, Tomasz Sakowski, Kamila Puppel
Summary: Consumers are increasingly choosing organic farming products because they believe that organic farms do not use pesticides or antibiotics and that animals are provided with the best living conditions. This review discusses the comparison between organic and conventional dairy cattle housing systems in terms of welfare assessment, breed selection, and product quality. It has been shown that cows kept in organic systems usually have better welfare compared to conventional breeding, but conventional farms can also provide better animal welfare through the use of pasture grazing. The taste of milk is affected by pasture feeding, but this depends on consumer preference.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Hiroaki Okawa, Missaka M. P. Wijayagunawardane, Peter L. A. M. Vos, Osamu Yamato, Masayasu Taniguchi, Mitsuhiro Takagi
Summary: Intrauterine infusion of chitosan solution in early postpartum dairy cows can accelerate uterine recovery from endometritis, potentially serving as a replacement for prostaglandin F-2 alpha administration. The treatment has antimicrobial effects on the uterus and does not show adverse effects on fertility.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Leen Lietaer, Kristel Demeyere, Stijn Heirbaut, Evelyne Meyer, Geert Opsomer, Osvaldo Bogado Pascottini
Summary: This study isolated PMN from the postpartum uterus of dairy cows and found a highly dynamic range of viability and functionality in uterine PMN, with the ability to identify functional PMN capable of phagocytosis. The correlation between peripheral and endometrial PMN functionality was poor, underscoring the need for further research to understand the role of uterine PMN in bovine uterine health.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Benjamin Lecorps, Allison Welk, Daniel M. Weary, Marina A. G. von Keyserlingk
Summary: Dairy cows experience stressors before and after calving, leading to reduced use of a mechanical brush as an indicator of affective states. The study found that cows decreased brush use postpartum and when separated from their calf. These results suggest negative effects of stressors on dairy cow affective states, with implications for further research.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
P. R. Menta, V. S. Machado, J. M. Pineiro, W. W. Thatcher, J. E. P. Santos, A. Vieira-Neto
Summary: The objective of this retrospective cohort study was to determine the impact of heat stress exposure during the periparturient period on production, health, reproduction, and survival of dairy cows in the first 90 days postpartum. The results showed that postpartum heat stress had a greater negative effect on performance than pre-partum heat stress, and both nulliparous and parous cows were susceptible to losses associated with heat stress during the transition period.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
I. J. Lean, S. J. LeBlanc, D. B. Sheedy, T. Duffield, J. E. P. Santos, H. M. Golder
Summary: Data from three countries were analyzed to evaluate the association between parity and disease in Holstein cows. The study found that higher parity was associated with increased disease risk and changes in metabolite concentrations.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Reproductive Biology
Paula C. C. Molinari, Geoffrey E. Dahl, I. Martin Sheldon, John J. Bromfield
Summary: Heat stress and uterine diseases, such as metritis and endometritis, have negative effects on milk yields and reproductive performance in dairy cows. This study suggests that seasonal variations in environmental temperature independently influence the incidence of metritis in cows, regardless of bacterial prevalence in the reproductive tract. Prepartum heat stress related to the season of calving increased the occurrence and persistence of uterine disease in dairy cows, and further investigation is needed to understand the potential impact on host immune function and bacterial infection risk.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
M. B. Poindexter, R. Zimpel, A. Vieira-Neto, A. Husnain, A. C. M. Silva, A. Faccenda, A. Sanches de Avila, P. Celi, C. Cortinhas, J. E. P. Santos, C. D. Nelson
Summary: The objectives of this experiment were to determine the effects of supplementing 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 compared with vitamin D3 at 1 or 3 mg/d in late gestation on production outcomes of dairy cows. The results showed that feeding 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 increased colostrum and milk yield compared to vitamin D3. The effect of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 on milk yield may be related to serum calcium concentrations.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Paula C. C. Molinari, Brittney D. Davidson, Jimena Laporta, Geoffrey E. Dahl, I. Martin Sheldon, John J. Bromfield
Summary: Heat stress increases susceptibility to uterine diseases in dairy cows. This study shows that implementing evaporative cooling to alleviate heat stress during late pregnancy can have carry-over effects on postpartum innate immunity, potentially reducing the incidence of uterine disease.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
I. J. Lean, H. M. Golder, S. J. LeBlanc, T. Duffield, J. E. P. Santos
Summary: In this retrospective meta-analysis, individual cow data was used to assess the associations between parity, level of production, and pasture-based or intensively fed systems with fertility. The study found that parity and milk production measures had significant effects on reproductive outcomes. Differences in production systems also influenced reproductive measures.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
U. Arshad, A. Husnain, M. B. Poindexter, R. Zimpel, M. C. Perdomo, J. E. P. Santos
Summary: The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of increasing supplementation of rumen-protected choline (RPC) on hepatic metabolism in cows. The results showed that supplementation of RPC reduced hepatic triacylglycerol and increased glycogen content. Additionally, RPC supplementation had an impact on serum haptoglobin levels, but did not affect the concentrations of fatty acids, BHB, glucose, triacylglycerol, and total cholesterol in the blood.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
A. Husnain, U. Arshad, M. B. Poindexter, R. Zimpel, M. Nehme Marinho, M. C. Perdomo, P. Fan, K. C. Jeong, C. D. Nelson, I. M. Sheldon, J. J. Bromfield, J. E. P. Santos
Summary: The objective of this experiment was to study the effect of inducing endometrial inflammation by infusing utero-pathogenic bacteria on productive performance and reproduction in lactating cows. The results showed that induced endometrial inflammation compromised milk production and reproduction in cows.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biology
Paula C. C. Molinari, John J. Bromfield
Summary: Cattle under heat stress experience reduced fertility, milk production, and increased uterine infection. Exposure of endometrial cells to heat stress further increases expression of inflammatory mediators in response to bacterial components. Heat shock proteins HSP1A1 and HSF1 help to restrain inflammatory responses.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Thomas J. R. Ormsby, Sian E. Owens, Matthew L. Turner, James G. Cronin, John J. Bromfield, I. Martin Sheldon
Summary: Glucocorticoids increase the intrinsic protection of tissue cells against pore-forming toxins by activating the glucocorticoid receptor and HMGCR. Treating cell lines with glucocorticoids can prevent cell damage caused by bacterial pore-forming toxins.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Reproductive Biology
Ali Husnain, Usman Arshad, Roney Zimpel, Eduardo Schmitt, Mackenzie J. Dickson, Milerky C. Perdomo, Mariana N. Marinho, Nadia Ashrafi, Stewart F. Graham, Jeanette Bishop, Thomas R. Hansen, Kwang C. Jeong, Angela M. Gonella-Diaza, Ricardo C. Chebel, I. Martin Sheldon, John J. Bromfield, Jose E. P. Santos
Summary: Endometrial inflammation in cows is associated with reduced pregnancy rates and increased pregnancy loss. Induced endometritis alters histotroph composition and induces inflammatory signatures on conceptus, compromising their development. Bacterial-induced endometritis impairs conceptus development by altering histotroph composition and conceptus gene expression in dairy cattle.
BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
S. Casaro, J. G. Prim, T. D. Gonzalez, C. C. Figueiredo, R. S. Bisinotto, R. C. Chebel, J. E. P. Santos, C. D. Nelson, S. J. Jeon, R. C. Bicalho, J. P. Driver, K. N. Galvao
Summary: The objective of this study was to identify metabolites associated with metritis and investigate the cellular mechanisms affected during the transition into lactation. The results showed significant changes in metabolism, lipolysis, cell death, oxidative stress, and immune activation in cows with metritis, indicating a predisposition to metritis development.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2023)