Journal
JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART B-APPLIED BIOMATERIALS
Volume 107, Issue 7, Pages 2397-2408Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34333
Keywords
electrospinning; biomimetic; antithrombosis; vascular tissue engineering; vascular grafts
Funding
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) [U01HL134655]
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery
- Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research and Graduate Education
- Kuo K. and Cindy F. Wang Professorship
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [11705122, 21604026, 51603075]
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A mismatch of mechanical properties and a high rate of thromboses are two critical challenges of creating viable artificial small-diameter vascular grafts (SDVGs). Herein, we propose a method to fabricate wavy multicomponent vascular grafts (WMVGs) via electrospinning using an assembled rotating collector. The WMVGs consisted of a wavy silk/poly(lactic acid) (PLA) inner layer and a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) outer layer, which mimic the structures and properties of collagen and elastin in native blood vessels, respectively. Attributed to the wavy structure and the combination of rigid silk/PLA and elastic TPU biomaterials, WMVGs are capable of mimicking the nonlinear tensile stress-strain relationship and toe region of native blood vessels. In addition, they have sufficient mechanical strength to meet implantation requirements in terms of tensile strength, suture retention, and burst pressure. Further modification of silk/PLA fibers with dopamine and heparin gave the grafts antithrombogenic properties and greatly enhanced endothelial cell affinities. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) cultured on modified silk/PLA showed high viability, high proliferation rate, and favorable cell-substrate interactions. Moreover, HUVECs were able to fully cover and freely migrate upward on the lumen of the modified WMVGs without needing a special circulation bioreactor. Therefore, the modified WMVGs possessed biomimetic properties, antithrombogenicity, and enhanced endothelialization, making them a promising candidate for SDVGs. (c) 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 2397-2408, 2019.
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