☆ 4.7 Article

The prevalence, comorbidity and socio-demographic factors of depressive disorder among Iranian children and adolescents: To identify the main predictors of depression

JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS (2019)

Journal

JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS

Volume 247, Issue -, Pages 1-10

Publisher

ELSEVIER

DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.01.005

Keywords

Children and adolescents; Depressive symptoms; Prevalence; Comorbidity

Funding

National Institute for Medical Research Development [940906]

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Abstract

Background: Depressive disorders are a major public health problem in developed and developing countries. Recently, several risk factors have been described for depressive disorders in children and adolescents. The aim of the present study was to identify the main risk factors that can affect the incidence of depression in Iranian children and adolescents. Methods: A total of 30,546 children and adolescents (between 6 and 18 years of age) participated in a cross-sectional study to identify the predictors of depressive disorders. Depressive disorders were assessed using the Persian version of the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (K-SADS-PL). In addition, a demographic characteristics questionnaire was completed by parents of the participants. The data was analyzed using the SPSS22 software via performing the descriptive analysis and the multiple logistic regression analysis methods. P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: Results showed that a higher age (15-18), being female, and the father's unemployment were associated with an increased odds ratio for depressive disorders. The age of 10-14 (OR = 2.1; 95% CI, 1.57-2.81), the age of 15-18 (OR = 4.44; 95% CI, 3.38-5.83), female gender (OR = 1.44; 95% CI, 1.2-1.73) and the father's unemployment (OR = 1.59; 95% CI, 1.01-2.5) were significant positive predictors, whereas, the mother's job (as a housewife) (OR = 0.66; 95% CI, 0.45-0.96) and a history of psychiatric hospitalization of the father and mother (OR = 0.34; 95% CI, 0.15-0.78 and OR = 0.34; 95% CI, 0.14-0.84) were negative predictors for depressive symptoms. Conclusion: Depressive symptoms are common in children and adolescents and are correlated with age and gender. The assessment of the prevalence of psychiatric disorders, especially the depressive disorders and their comorbidities, may help to prevent mood disorders in children and adolescents.

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Depressive symptoms and anger and aggression in Russian adolescents

Vladislav Ruchkin, Andrew Stickley, Roman Koposov, Denis G. Sukhodolsky, Johan Isaksson

Summary: Research on the association between depressive symptoms and aggression among adolescents has yielded inconsistent findings. This study examines the prevalence of clinically significant and subthreshold depressive symptoms in a general population sample of adolescents from Northern Russia, and explores their relationship with aggression and anger, taking into account comorbid mental health problems. The results indicate that the severity of depression is positively correlated with anger, aggression, and comorbid problems. These findings suggest that interventions aimed at reducing aggressive behavior in adolescents should consider depression and its comorbid conditions.

CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY AND MENTAL HEALTH (2023)