Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Narayan Sinha, Juan-Ramon Jimenez, Bjorn Pfund, Alessandro Prescimone, Claude Piguet, Oliver S. Wenger
Summary: By combining pi-donating amido with pi-accepting pyridine coordination units in a tridentate chelate ligand, a strong nephelauxetic effect was achieved in a homoleptic Cr-III complex, shifting its luminescence to the NIR-II spectral range. This study focuses on increasing metal-ligand bond covalence to shift the ruby-like E-2 emission of Cr-III to 1067 nm at 77 K, taking a fundamentally different approach from previous ligand design strategies.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Narayan Sinha, Polina Yaltseva, Oliver S. Wenger
Summary: The nephelauxetic effect, which refers to the expansion of d-orbitals as a result of metal-ligand bond covalence, has been recognized for its importance in the design of new photoactive complexes using first-row transition metals. This effect can significantly impact the photophysical properties of 3d metal complexes in solution at room temperature. By exploiting the nephelauxetic effect, red luminescence in Cr-III and Mn-IV complexes has been shifted to the near-infrared spectral region, while charge-transfer excited states in Fe-II and Co-III complexes have been stabilized, improving their properties and application potential.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yuichi Kitagawa, Ayu Naito, Koji Fushimi, Yasuchika Hasegawa
Summary: This study demonstrates a tribo-excited chemical reaction using a stacked lanthanide coordination polymer, resulting in a chemical product different from that obtained by photo-oxidation. The tightly stacked structure with hydrogen bonding in the polymer was characterized by X-ray crystal structure analysis.
CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Spectroscopy
Melissa McHugh, John Parnell, Ian B. Hutchinson, Hannah N. Lerman, Howell G. M. Edwards, Mark J. Burchell, Mike J. Cole, Andoni Moral, Guillermo Lopez-Reyes, Carlos Perez, Aurelio Arranz, Marco Veneranda, Jose Antonio Manrique, Fernando Rull
Summary: The research discusses the importance of using the ExoMars Raman Laser Spectrometer (RLS) to identify reduced carbon on Mars and analyze its impact on the habitability of the planet. Spectral data obtained confirm that the RLS instrument can accurately detect differently thermally processed carbon materials and demonstrate that impact shock can increase the molecular disorder of carbon, potentially making it more biologically accessible.
JOURNAL OF RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
G. Montagnac, J. Hao, U. Pedreira-Segade, I. Daniel
Summary: The study focuses on using deep UV resonance Raman setup to track down nucleotide adsorption on selected minerals and discusses the effects of deep UV laser on organic compounds.
APPLIED CLAY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Gozen Ertem, Daniel P. Glavin, Robert P. Volpe, Christopher P. McKay
Summary: Studying the effects of high energy radiation on organic compounds on the surface of Mars, it was found that a mixture of organic compounds with minerals can survive under radiation, and the extent of survival depends on the nature of the organic compound and its depth.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
A. Moreras-Marti, M. Fox-Powell, E. Stueeken, T. Di Rocco, T. Galloway, G. R. Osinski, C. R. Cousins, A. L. Zerkle
Summary: In this study, sediment samples from sulfur-rich environments in Iceland and Canada were analyzed for quadruple sulfur isotope values, revealing different microbial sulfur cycling processes between the sites. The results suggest the potential for quadruple sulfur isotope values to serve as biosignatures for life in sulfur-rich Martian environments. The contrasting physical and chemical characteristics of the sites support different microbial sulfur cycling processes, with implications for targeting sites for future missions to Mars.
GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Emmy B. Hughes, Martha S. Gilmore, Peter E. Martin, Miriam Eleazer
Summary: While single-phase salts on Mars have received much attention, little research has been done on mixed evaporative assemblages. This experimental study analyzes multicomponent brines to understand their spectral signatures and identifies the predominance of certain salts. The results suggest that regions with identified Mg-sulfate on Mars may have limited amounts present and other sulfates or halides may be undetectable.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Dmitrii Pankin, Anastasia Povolotckaia, Eugene Borisov, Alexey Povolotskiy, Sergey Borzenko, Anatoly Gulyaev, Stanislav Gerasimenko, Alexey Dorochov, Viktor Khamuev, Maksim Moskovskiy
Summary: Wheat has been crucial in human agriculture for centuries, and the increasing production of processed wheat products necessitates laboratory studies for quality control, including the detection of fungal diseases. This study utilized spectroscopic methods to investigate ergot-infected wheat samples, and chemometric analysis was employed to identify the most specific spectral ranges.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
V. Megevand, J. C. Viennet, E. Balan, M. Gauthier, P. Rosier, M. Morand, Y. Garino, M. Guillaumet, S. Pont, O. Beyssac, S. Bernard
Summary: Experimental evidence shows that UV radiation can increase disorder and create defects in the molecular structure of sulfur-rich organics like cystine, ultimately degrading the Raman signal. Despite this, freshly excavated S-rich organics can still be detected using Raman instruments on Mars, and exploiting fluorescence signals may also allow for their detection due to the short lifetime of organic fluorescence. However, pristine S-rich organic compounds are unlikely to be found on Mars, only their degraded by-products.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mickael Baque, Theresa Backhaus, Joachim Meessen, Franziska Hanke, Ute Boettger, Nisha Ramkissoon, Karen Olsson-Francis, Michael Baumgartner, Daniela Billi, Alessia Cassaro, Rosa de la Torre Noetzel, Rene Demets, Howell Edwards, Pascale Ehrenfreund, Andreas Elsaesser, Bernard Foing, Frederic Foucher, Bjorn Huwe, Jasmin Joshi, Natalia Kozyrovska, Peter Lasch, Natuschka Lee, Stefan Leuko, Silvano Onofri, Sieglinde Ott, Claudia Pacelli, Elke Rabbow, Lynn Rothschild, Dirk Schulze-Makuch, Laura Selbmann, Paloma Serrano, Ulrich Szewzyk, Cyprien Verseux, Dirk Wagner, Frances Westall, Laura Zucconi, Jean-Pierre P. de Vera
Summary: Two rover missions to Mars aim to detect biomolecules as evidence of past or present life. However, the stability of Raman-detectable biomolecules in the martian environment is still uncertain. To investigate this, seven biomolecules were exposed to a simulated martian environment for 469 days. Ultraviolet radiation had a significant impact on Raman spectra, but little change was observed when samples were shielded from UV. These findings support Mars missions searching for biosignatures underground and lay the foundation for a consolidated space-proven database of spectroscopy biosignatures in targeted environments.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Qian Meng, Liya Zhou, Qi Pang, Xingli He, Tingying Wei, Jin Zhong Zhang
Summary: In this study, a novel approach for incorporating lead ions into manganese halide perovskite-analogue nanocrystals was developed, resulting in nanocrystals with strong orange emission and high stability. The Pb(2+)-incorporated nanocrystals show a significant enhancement in photoluminescence quantum yield, making them promising candidates for optoelectronic applications.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Qing Liu, Lu Liu, Pei-Xin Li, Guo-Cong Guo
Summary: Novel open-framework Zn compound was synthesized with a 1D channel structure, showing promising performance in detecting aniline with unprecedented detection limits through luminescence emission.
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Allison Bohanon, Kelsey Crane
Summary: This study investigates the correlation between rock fracture morphology and vegetation growth through field experiments, providing a model and reference for studying biological activity on Mars.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Michael P. Schmidt, Steven D. Siciliano, Derek Peak
Summary: This study investigated the interaction between boric acid and a polyphenolic SOM analogue, tannic acid, at varying concentrations under different pH conditions. The results showed that boric acid enhanced the deprotonation of tannic acid at pH = 7 and 9, leading to an increasing binding affinity between boric acid and tannic acid from pH = 5 to 9.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
E. J. Allender, C. R. Cousins, M. D. Gunn, C. M. Caudill
EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCE
(2020)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Mark G. Fox-Powell, Claire R. Cousins
Summary: Research suggests that the ocean fluids of Enceladus undergo segregation during freezing, forming ice-templated brines that can crystallize or vitrify. Upon re-warming flash-frozen fluids, crystalline salts can also form, with their distribution at a 10-micrometer scale indicating the cooling rate. These findings provide insights into how Enceladus' ocean constituents are incorporated into icy particles and delivered to space.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS
(2021)
Article
Biology
Arola Moreras-Marti, Mark Fox-Powell, Aubrey L. Zerkle, Eva Stueeken, Fernando Gazquez, Helen E. A. Brand, Toni Galloway, Lotta Purkamo, Claire R. Cousins
Summary: Studying geothermal pools in Iceland reveals that volcanic processes play a significant role in controlling the geochemistry and microbial community structure. The pools in Kerlingarfjoll and Kverkfjoll exhibit different water chemistry, sediment composition, and dominant microbial metabolisms, influenced by volcanic processes and water input from glaciers. This research provides insights into the potential habitability of relic hydrothermal systems on Mars and their significance in supporting chemolithotrophic life.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
A. Moreras-Marti, M. Fox-Powell, E. Stueeken, T. Di Rocco, T. Galloway, G. R. Osinski, C. R. Cousins, A. L. Zerkle
Summary: In this study, sediment samples from sulfur-rich environments in Iceland and Canada were analyzed for quadruple sulfur isotope values, revealing different microbial sulfur cycling processes between the sites. The results suggest the potential for quadruple sulfur isotope values to serve as biosignatures for life in sulfur-rich Martian environments. The contrasting physical and chemical characteristics of the sites support different microbial sulfur cycling processes, with implications for targeting sites for future missions to Mars.
GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
E. J. Allender, C. R. Cousins, M. D. Gunn, E. R. Mare
Summary: Researchers conducted a multiscale spectroscopic study on hydromthermally-altered basalt-hosted soils in northern Iceland, using emulator instruments to replicate the capabilities of the ExoMars 2022 instruments. They found that the soils at the study site consist of unconsolidated sediments including Al-OH minerals, hydrated silica, and various ferric oxides, which are likely to be encountered by the Rosalind Franklin rover on its journey at Oxia Planum.
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
M. Gunn, G. A. T. Duller, H. M. Roberts
Summary: The new InfraRed PhotoLuminescence (IRPL) signal in feldspar offers a promising alternative to the well-established OSL method for dating purposes. However, the exploitation of this signal has been hindered by a large background signal. A new IRPL detection attachment has been developed to improve the signal to background ratio.
RADIATION MEASUREMENTS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
P. M. Grindrod, R. B. Stabbins, S. Motaghian, E. J. Allender, C. R. Cousins, M. S. Rice, K. Stephan
Summary: Multispectral imaging instruments have been widely used in Mars missions, and this study analyzed the spectral performance of three visible and near-infrared (VNIR) instruments. The results showed that the ExoMars PanCam and Mars2020 Perseverance Mastcam-Z instruments had similar performance, which was better than the Mars Science Laboratory Mastcam. The study provided insights for future use of the ExoMars PanCam instrument and comparison of results across different instruments.
EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Lotta Purkamo, Brighid O. Dochartaigh, Alan MacDonald, Claire Cousins
Summary: The retreat of glaciers has significant impacts on the hydrology and ecosystems of their catchments. Microbes play a crucial role in supporting ecosystem functionality in glacier systems. The interaction between surface and groundwater in glacier forefields and its influence on microbiology is still not well understood. This study investigates the microbial communities in groundwater from a glacial forefield floodplain aquifer in Iceland, and how these communities differ from nearby surface water communities. The findings suggest that the groundwater-meltwater interactions and flow dynamics affect the microbial community structure, leading to unique microbial communities in different areas of the glacier forefield.
ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giselle Rosetta, Matthew Gunn, John J. Tomes, Mike Butters, Jens Pieschel, Frank Hartmann, Markus Gallei, Chris E. Finlayson
Summary: This study reports on shear-ordered polymer photonic crystals that exhibit intense structural color at 270 nm. The UV color of this low refractive index contrast polymer composite system is examined in relation to viewing angle, and strong reflectivity in the 275-315 nm range is observed through the analysis of scattering cones. The angle-dependent nature and unique spectral anisotropy of the color are extensively characterized, showcasing the potential of these films as low-cost UV reflection coatings with non-photobleaching and robust mechanical properties.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Gabriel D. Muro, Matt Gunn, Stephen Fearn, Tomos Fearn, Huw Morgan
Summary: This paper presents an instrument and data calibration method for observing the low solar corona, providing valuable diagnostics of its properties. Results show that different ions emit different intensity signals at different heights, and the width of thermal lines relates to the density scale heights. Doppler measurements indicate bulk plasma motion associated with the dominant longitudinal orientation of the magnetic field.
Article
Crystallography
Giselle Rosetta, John J. Tomes, Mike Butters, Matthew Gunn, Chris E. Finlayson
Summary: This study presents three-dimensional goniometric measurements of structural color from melt-sheared polymer nanoparticle composites, revealing high-angle features resulting from Bragg scattering. The spectroscopic and angular properties of these scattering spots are depicted through 'scattering cones' obtained from full 180 degrees hemispherical scans. The Miller indices of the responsible photonic crystal planes are identified, and observations are made regarding the appearance of scattering in quasi-ordered systems. The report contributes to the understanding of Bragg scattering and structural color in disordered structures, with implications for practical applications in sensing.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Simon Astley, Di Hu, Kerry Hazeldine, Johnathan Ash, Rachel E. Cross, Simon Cooil, Martin W. Allen, James Evans, Kelvin James, Federica Venturini, David C. Grinter, Pilar Ferrer, Rosa Arrigo, Georg Held, Gruffudd T. Williams, D. Andrew Evans
Summary: Photoelectron spectroscopy is a powerful tool for characterizing semiconductor surfaces and interfaces. However, it is often limited to ultrahigh vacuum conditions and can only probe the top few atomic layers. Recent advances in instrumentation have addressed these limitations, enabling measurement at near-ambient pressures and real-time monitoring of surface processing. Nevertheless, there are still limitations due to irreversible chemical effects and reversible physical effects. This study demonstrates how real-time and near-ambient pressure photoelectron spectroscopy can be used to identify and quantify these effects.
FARADAY DISCUSSIONS
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Optics
John J. Tomes, Simon Astley, Line Macaire, Claire Reigate, Rachel Cross
Summary: The evaluation and subsequent re-design of an optical, point of care parasite infection diagnostic instrument led to an improvement of resolution from 3.731μm to 1.46μm within the necessary field of view, by changing the objective and employing a higher pixel sensor. This simple change resulted in benefits in instrument sensitivity and improved parasite identification and speciation.
FRONTIERS IN BIOPHOTONICS AND IMAGING
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Maria Angeles Lopez-Cayuela, Maria-Paz Zorzano, Juan Luis Guerrero-Rascado, Carmen Cordoba-Jabonero
Summary: The atmospheric dust cycle on Mars plays a dominant role in the planetary radiative balance, atmospheric photochemistry escape, and redistribution of materials on the surface. A methodology is presented to accurately describe the annual dust redistribution cycle on Mars using orbital global and seasonal measurements of atmospheric dust opacity. The analysis shows that approximately 4 trillion kilograms of dust is transported globally in the atmosphere during a typical Mars year.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Audrey Vorburger, Shahab Fatemi, Shane R. Carberry Mogan, Andre Galli, Lucas Liuzzo, Andrew R. Poppe, Lorenz Roth, Peter Wurz
Summary: The study presents new model results for the composition of Ganymede's atmosphere, finding that sublimation remains the major source process for H2O, while radiolysis induced by auroral electrons dominates the source fluxes for O2 and H2.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Qi He, Zhi Cao, Yuqi Qian, Hejiu Hui, Ioannis Baziotis, Long Xiao, Zaicong Wang, Biji Luo, Yiheng Li, Zongjun Ying, Yang Li
Summary: The Chang'e-5 mission collected lunar soil containing magnesian troctolitic granulites, which provide valuable information on the composition of the lunar crust. Through analysis and modeling, it is suggested that these granulites may have originated from the Pythagoras crater and were transported to the landing site.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Jordan M. Bretzfelder, Kathryn M. Stack, Abigail A. Fraeman, Mackenzie Day, William E. Dietrich, Alexander B. Bryk
Summary: This study investigates the development of bedrock ridges on Mars and their implications for wind history, deposition, and erosion in Gale crater.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Lot Ram, Diptiranjan Rout, Rahul Rathi, Paul Withers, Sumanta Sarkhel
Summary: This study investigates the impacts of interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) on the Martian ionosphere, specifically the behavior of the ionospheric peak density and height during ICME passages. The study used observations from the Radio Occultation Science Experiment (ROSE) aboard the MAVEN spacecraft and selected 8 ICMEs from existing catalogs. The results show that ICMEs lead to an elevation of the ionospheric peak height and a decrease in peak density, and propose that vertical pressure gradient and electron temperature enhancement are plausible causes for ionospheric variability.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Benoit Jabaud, Riccardo Artoni, Gabriel Tobie, Erwan Le Menn, Patrick Richard
Summary: The Cassini spacecraft discovered active jets of water vapour and ice grains at the South Pole of Enceladus, resulting in the deposit of freshly erupted materials on the moon's icy surface. Similar processes may be happening on Europa as well. Determining the mechanical properties of fresh icy powder-like materials is essential for future landing and sampling missions. The flowability and surface energy of ice powders decrease with increasing temperatures, which may have implications for stable landing and the flow of ice materials on Enceladus and Europa.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Lydie Bonal, Eric Quirico, Gilles Montagnac, Mutsumi Komatsu, Yoko Kebukawa, Hikaru Yabuta, Kana Amano, Jens Barosch, Laure Bejach, George D. Cody, Emmanuel Dartois, Alexandre Dazzi, Bradley De Gregorio, Ariane Deniset-Besseau, Jean Duprat, Cecile Engrand, Minako Hashiguchi, Kanami Kamide, David Kilcoyne, Zita Martins, Jeremie Mathurin, Smail Mostefaoui, Larry Nittler, Takuji Ohigashi, Taiga Okumura, Laurent Remusat, Scott Sandford, Miho Shigenaka, Rhonda Stroud, Hiroki Suga, Yoshio Takahashi, Yasuo Takeichi, Yusuke Tamenori, Maximilien Verdier-Paoletti, Shohei Yamashita, Tomoki Nakamura, Hiroshi Naraoka, Takaaki Noguchi, Ryuji Okazaki, Hisayoshi Yurimoto, Shogo Tachibana, Masanao Abe, Akiko Miyazaki, Aiko Nakato, Satoru Nakazawa, Masahiro Nishimura, Tatsuaki Okada, Takanao Saiki, Kanako Sakamoto, Satoshi Tanaka, Fuyuto Terui, Yuichi Tsuda, Tomohiro Usui, Sei-ichiro Watanabe, Toru Yada, Kasumi Yogata, Makota Yoshikawa
Summary: This paper focuses on characterizing the thermal history of asteroid Ryugu by studying the structure of polyaromatic carbonaceous matter in the returned samples. The study finds that there is no structural difference in the polyaromatic component between the two sampling sites on Ryugu, indicating that the thermal metamorphism related to radioactive decay was not significant. However, some structural variability is observed within the particle set.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
M. Luginin, A. Fedorova, D. Belyaev, F. Montmessin, O. Korablev, J. -l. Bertaux
Summary: Spectroscopic solar occultation measurements by the SPICAV/SOIR instrument onboard the Venus Express orbiter provided new data on the upper haze aerosol properties, its distribution, and variations. A joint analysis of data from two spectrometers revealed a bimodal distribution in about 50% of observations previously believed to be unimodal, and characterized the size distribution 10 km higher in the atmosphere compared to previous analysis.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
A. Mahieux, S. Viscardy, K. L. Jessup, F. P. Mills, L. Trompet, S. Robert, S. Aoki, A. Piccialli, A. C. Vandaele
Summary: We report on the mean upper limit number densities and volume concentrations of H2CO, O-3, NH3, HCN, N2O, NO2, NO, and HO2 at the Venus terminator above the cloud layer. Attempts to detect these species using a statistical algorithm and the method presented by Trompet et al. (2021) were unsuccessful, and upper limits of detection are provided.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
P. M. Streeter, S. R. Lewis, M. R. Patel, J. A. Holmes, K. Rajendran
Summary: The northern polar vortex on Mars shows a high degree of interannual repeatability in its structure and evolution, except during large dust storms. The seasonal timing of these storms seems to be the key factor determining their impacts on the polar vortex.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Michael T. Mellon, Hanna G. Sizemore, Jennifer L. Heldmann, Christopher P. McKay, Carol R. Stoker
Summary: The search for life is a major focus of Mars exploration, with temperature and water activity being key factors for habitability. The most recent habitable conditions occurred about 510 kyrs ago and lasted for about 10s of kyrs each occurrence. All latitudes offer potential for life exploration, but middle-latitude sites have access to 100-kyr-old ice that experienced past habitable conditions, while high-latitude sites offer access to ancient ice over 1 Myrs old.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Anthony Ozerov, Jeffrey C. Smith, Jessie L. Dotson, Randolph S. Longenbaugh, Robert L. Morris
Summary: The Geostationary Lightning Mapper (GLM) instruments, with their large combined field of view, are useful for studying the population of atmospheric phenomena like bolides. However, there are biases when using GLM for non-lightning purposes, which need to be studied and accounted for before precise measurements of bolide flux can be obtained. A Bayesian Poisson regression model was developed to estimate instrumental biases and the latitudinal variation of bolide flux concurrently. The estimated bias corresponds to the known sensitivity of the GLM instruments, and the latitudinal flux variation estimates are consistent with a strong bias towards high-velocity bolides, as compared to existing theoretical models.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
P. Beck, P. Y. Meslin, A. Fau, O. Forni, O. Gasnault, J. Lasue, A. Cousin, S. Schroeder, S. Maurice, W. Rapin, R. C. Wiens, A. M. Ollila, E. Dehouck, N. Mangold, B. Garcia, S. Schwartz, W. Goetz, N. Lanza
Summary: Analysis of data obtained by ChemCam on Mars reveals that the carbon signal is mainly related to ionization of the atmosphere, with variability potentially linked to the physical state of the atmosphere. Up to sol 3355, no carbonate was detected in the ChemCam dataset, suggesting that it is not a major constituent (>50%) in the analyzed targets and that carbon in soils is not enriched beyond the limit of detection. The dominant salts found in Gale are sulfate and chlorides, while the absence of carbonates, seen in Jezero, may be due to differences in protolith.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Eloy Pena-Asensio, Jaakko Visuri, Josep M. Trigo-Rodriguez, Hector Socas-Navarro, Maria Gritsevich, Markku Siljama, Albert Rimola
Summary: The observation of interstellar objects 1I/'Oumuamua and 2I/Borisov suggests the existence of a larger population of smaller projectiles that impact our planet with unbound orbits. A statistical evaluation of uncertainties in the CNEOS database and study of its hyperbolic fireballs reveals an anisotropic geocentric radiant distribution and low orbital inclinations, challenging the assumption of a randomly incoming interstellar population. These findings suggest that apparent interstellar meteors may, in fact, be the result of accelerated meteoroid impacts caused by close encounters with massive objects within or passing through our solar system.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Cecilia W. S. Leung, Leslie K. Tamppari, David M. Kass, German Martinez, Erik Fischer, Michael D. Smith
Summary: Using a combination of orbital and surface observations, this study investigates the vertical distribution of water vapor in the lower atmospheres of Mars. The findings suggest that the assumption of uniformly mixed water vapor in the boundary layer is not always consistent with observational constraints. The results provide important insights into the seasonal transport of water and the role of regolith-atmospheric exchange.