Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jake Littman, Roy K. Aaron
Summary: Notable characteristics of the skeleton include its response to physical stimuli and ability to remodel in different environments. Cells in bones and cartilage can sense physical cues and activate genes to synthesize structural molecules. This review explores the response of a model system of bone formation to an externally applied pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF), focusing on cell differentiation and extracellular matrix synthesis. The study emphasizes the dosage and tissue response mechanisms, which can guide the design of clinically optimal stimulation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rotem Kalev-Altman, Jerome Nicolas Janssen, Nir Ben-Haim, Tamar Levy, Astar Shitrit-Tovli, Joshua Milgram, Ron Shahar, Dalit Sela-Donenfeld, Efrat Monsonego-Ornan
Summary: The gelatinases MMP2 and MMP9 play distinct roles in skeletal development, with MMP2 involved in intramembranous ossification and MMP9 affecting endochondral ossification. Double knockout mice lacking both gelatinases show phenotypes resembling the single knockout mice, indicating the separate control of different bones by each gelatinase.
Review
Cell Biology
Chee Ho H'ng, Ashwini Khaladkar, Alberto Rosello-Diez
Summary: The balance of cell proliferation and size is crucial for organ development and repair. The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway, which interacts with other pathways and influences cell proliferation, size, and differentiation, plays a critical role in coordinating the complex developmental transitions during limb development. Therefore, studying the interaction of mTOR components with signaling pathways and transcription factors involved in limb patterning, morphogenesis, and growth could enhance our understanding of these processes.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Marta Marchini, Mitchell R. Ashkin, Melina Bellini, Margaret Man-Ger Sun, Matthew Lloyd Workentine, Hamza Malik Okuyan, Roman Krawetz, Frank Beier, Campbell Rolian
Summary: The genetic and developmental mechanisms of limb formation are well understood, but how chondrocyte physiology modulates these mechanisms to produce differences in limb bone length is unclear. Through RNA sequencing and cell culture experiments, it was found that NKA plays a key role in chondrocyte differentiation and regulation of bone length, with implications for limb length diversity.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Toxicology
Lama Iskandarani, Tessa McHattie, Bernard Robaire, Barbara F. Hales
Summary: Bisphenols have effects on endochondral ossification and the transcriptome in a murine limb bud culture system. BPAF may be more detrimental to endochondral ossification than BPA, while BPS is of comparable toxicity to BPA.
TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Jakob M. Townsend, Megan E. Sanders, Emi A. Kiyotake, Michael S. Detamore
Summary: Hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels have diverse applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. However, existing research has been limited by the simultaneous changes in multiple variables when altering one hydrogel parameter. This study presents a method using thiol-ene click chemistry and a crosslinker to achieve independent control of hydrogel parameters, thereby minimizing confounding variables.
BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Nicole Bell, Sanket Bhagat, Shanmugam Muruganandan, Ryunhyung Kim, Kailing Ho, Rachel Pierce, Elena Kozhemyakina, Andrew B. Lassar, Laura Gamer, Vicki Rosen, Andreia M. Ionescu
Summary: This study investigates the role of FoxA factors in chondrocyte differentiation and hypertrophy. The researchers found that overexpression of FoxA2 led to skeletal defects and accumulation of hypertrophic chondrocytes in transgenic mice. However, the ectopic expression of hypertrophic markers was only observed in hypertrophic chondrocytes, suggesting the involvement of other factors like Runx2 in inducing chondrocyte hypertrophy.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marketa Kaucka, Alberto Joven Araus, Marketa Tesarova, Joshua D. Currie, Johan Bostrom, Michaela Kavkova, Julian Petersen, Zeyu Yao, Anass Bouchnita, Andreas Hellander, Tomas Zikmund, Ahmed Elewa, Phillip T. Newton, Ji-Feng Fei, Andrei S. Chagin, Kaj Fried, Elly M. Tanaka, Jozef Kaiser, Andras Simon, Igor Adameyko
Summary: The study analyzes limb development and regeneration in amphibians, and reveals that regeneration is based on cartilage expansion and ossification follows after the final size of regenerating cartilage is reached, leading to bulkier bones. The process of ossification starts from the cortical bone and proceeds inwards in both regenerative and developmental processes, showing the diversity of schemes for the synchrony of cortical and endochondral ossification among vertebrates.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Biology
Jordi Estefa, Paul Tafforeau, Alice M. Clement, Jozef Klembara, Grzegorz Niedzwiedzki, Camille Berruyer, Sophie Sanchez
Summary: The origins of blood cell production in long bones have been a topic of interest with recent studies suggesting that Permian tetrapods may have been among the first to exhibit a centralised marrow organisation. This sheds light on the early evolution of limb-bone development and bone-marrow functional acquisitions.
Article
Toxicology
Han Yan, Barbara F. Hales
Summary: Exposure to a mixture of OPEs commonly found in house dust can affect endochondral ossification in mouse embryos, leading to abnormal cartilage template development and hindered progression of endochondral ossification, potentially having adverse effects on bone formation.
TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sinead Lally, Nicola Walsh, Janna Kenny, Orla Franklin, Melanie Cotter, Sarah Richardson, Fiona McEligott, Alan Finan
Summary: This article discusses the clinical course of a Fontaine progeroid syndrome patient from birth until his death at 7 months.
CLINICAL CASE REPORTS
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lena Ingeborg Wolff, Christine Hartmann
CURRENT OSTEOPOROSIS REPORTS
(2019)
Article
Cell Biology
Ulrich Koenig, Horst Robenek, Caterina Barresi, Marlene Brandstetter, Guenter P. Resch, Marion Groeger, Thomas Pap, Christine Hartman
Article
Cell Biology
Kazuhiko Matsuoka, Latifa Bakiri, Lena Wolff, Markus Linder, Amanda Mikels-Vigdal, Ana Patino-Garcia, Fernando Lecanda, Christine Hartmann, Maria Sibilia, Erwin F. Wagner
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Zhijia Tan, Mingpeng Kong, Songjia Wen, Kwok Yeung Tsang, Ben Niu, Christine Hartmann, Danny Chan, Chi-Chung Hui, Kathryn S. E. Cheah
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Meng Zhang, Yiwei Lai, Vladislav Krupalnik, Pengcheng Guo, Xiangpeng Guo, Jianguo Zhou, Yan Xu, Zhijun Yu, Longqi Liu, Ao Jiang, Wenjuan Li, Gang Ma, Na Li, Xiuling Fu, Yuan Lv, Mengling Jiang, Muqddas Tariq, Shahzina Kanwal, Hao Liu, Xueting Xu, Hui Zhang, Yinghua Huang, Lulu Wang, Shuhan Chen, Isaac A. Babarinde, Zhiwei Luo, Dongye Wang, Tiantian Zhou, Carl Ward, Minghui He, David P. Ibanez, Yunpan Li, Jiajian Zhou, Jie Yuan, Yayan Feng, Karthik Arumugam, Umberto Di Vicino, Xichen Bao, Guangming Wu, Axel Schambach, Huating Wang, Hao Sun, Fei Gao, Baoming Qin, Andrew P. Hutchins, Bradley W. Doble, Christine Hartmann, Maria Pia Cosma, Yan Qin, Guo-Liang Xu, Runsheng Chen, Giacomo Volpe, Liang Chen, Jacob H. Hanna, Miguel A. Esteban
Article
Cell Biology
Stefan Teufel, Petra Koeckemann, Christine Fabritius, Lena Wolff, Jessica Bertrand, Thomas Pap, Christine Hartmann
Summary: Agonists and antagonists of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway have an impact on rheumatoid arthritis, primarily modifying bone loss and soft-tissue inflammation. WNT9a levels are elevated in the pannus tissue of RA patients, suggesting a specific role in TNF-triggered RA.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lena Wolff, Astrid Houben, Christine Fabritius, Melinda Angus-Hill, Konrad Basler, Christine Hartmann
Summary: The study revealed the dual role of beta-catenin in hypertrophic chondrocytes, suppressing osteoclast differentiation and promoting osteoblast formation. Different knockout approaches showed unclear functional mechanisms of beta-catenin in chondrocytes.
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Stefan Teufel, Lena Wolff, Ulrich Koenig, Akio Kobayashi, Richard Behringer, Christine Hartmann
Summary: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative joint disease with a complex and not fully understood etiology. Recent research has shown the involvement of the Wnt signaling pathway in OA. A study identified the chromosomal location on chromosome 1 linked to the Wnt3a-Wnt9a gene locus as the most significant locus associated with thumb osteoarthritis. The conditional loss of Wnt9a and Wnt4 in mice was found to predispose them to develop spontaneous OA-like changes and increased disease severity.
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Benjamin Tosun, Lena Ingeborg Wolff, Astrid Houben, Stephen Nutt, Christine Hartmann
Summary: Osteoclasts play an important role in bone marrow cavity formation, while macrophages appear to have no major role. Studies have shown that mice lacking osteoclasts or macrophages display a delay in bone marrow cavity formation and a lengthening of the zone of hypertrophic chondrocytes during embryonic development.
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Laura Lleras-Forero, Elis Newham, Stefan Teufel, Koichi Kawakami, Christine Hartmann, Chrissy L. Hammond, Robert D. Knight, Stefan Schulte-Merker