Article
Energy & Fuels
Xing Zhang, Jingfeng Wu, Lingjun Zhu, Shurong Wang
Summary: A novel strategy was proposed to produce diesel-like liquid fuel from lignin-derived bio-oil and plant/animal oil through hydrodeoxygenation-in situ esterification. The utilization of both aromatic units and -OCH3 groups of lignin was achieved. Model compounds, guaiacol and lauric acid, successfully produced cyclohexyl laurate and methyl laurate, satisfying the biodiesel standard. The yield of esters reached 112.5 mol % with nearly complete conversion of guaiacol. The presence of an additional -OCH3 group hindered the formation of cyclohexanol while increasing the yield of methanol. Lignin-derived dimers were also efficiently converted into diesel-like liquid fuel rich in esters and cycloalkanes.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ping He, Qisong Yi, Huawei Geng, Yuanchao Shao, Meng Liu, Zhijie Wu, Wenhao Luo, Yuanshuai Liu, Valentin Valtchev
Summary: This study developed highly dispersed subnanometric Ru metal clusters encapsulated in MWW zeolites for the HDO of lignin-derived phenolic compounds, showing high activity and stability in an apolar liquid phase. The close proximity between Ru metal clusters and Bronsted acid sites confined in zeolite constraints delivers a synergistic effect, leading to enhanced catalytic activity and product selectivity. The super stability of the ultrafine Ru metal clusters against sintering and leaching after successive catalytic runs is achieved, providing a prototype for the design of superior catalysts for other energy-related transformations.
Article
Thermodynamics
Chunjiang Liu, Chaoqun Zhou, Yu Wang, Xinghua Liu, Linyu Zhu, Hao Ma, Zhongyue Zhou, Fei Qi
Summary: This study presents a method for gas-phase hydrodeoxygenation of guaiacol into aromatic hydrocarbons using nitrogen-doped carbon-supported palladium as the catalyst under atmospheric pressure, with benzene yield up to 85.1%. The stability and selectivity of the Pd/NC catalyst are maintained during the 6-hour time-on-stream, demonstrating its potential for efficient deoxygenation of lignin model compounds while preserving their aromatic nature.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Wajahat Waheed Kazmi, Ji-Yeon Park, Ghazaleh Amini, In-Gu Lee
Summary: In this study, the influence of reaction parameters (temperature, holding time, and biooil concentration) on the upgrading of esterified CG-BO over MgNiMo/AC catalyst in supercritical ethanol was investigated. The MgNiMo/AC catalyst played a crucial role in hydrogen production and hydrodeoxygenation reactions of CG-EBO during the supercritical upgrading. The optimized conditions for the upgrading process were determined as 375 degrees C, 2 h holding time, and 20 wt% CG-EBO concentration, which resulted in a biofuel product with high yield and low oxygen content.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Yifeng He, Ronghou Liu, Dominic Yellezuome, Wanxi Peng, Meisam Tabatabaei
Summary: This study focuses on the upgrading of biomass-derived bio-oil through catalytic hydrogenation. A new catalyst, Rh/ZrO2, was developed with high deoxygenation ability. Catalytic hydrogenation can remove oxygen from bio-oil and reduce its oxygen content, thereby enhancing its potential as a biofuel.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Junifa Layla Sihombing, Herlinawati Herlinawati, Ahmad Nasir Pulungan, Lisnawaty Simatupang, Rahayu Rahayu, Ary Anggara Wibowo
Summary: Bio-oil from biomass pyrolysis has potential as a sustainable biofuel and high-value-added chemical. However, it suffers from corrosiveness, low HHV, and instability due to high acid, water, and oxygenate content. This study investigates the refining of bio-oil using natural zeolite-based transition metal oxide through the hydrodeoxygenation method. The results show improved physicochemical properties and high catalytic performance, indicating its potential for better and low-cost biofuel production.
ARABIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xiangchen Kong, Chao Liu, Yuyang Fan, Ming Li, Rui Xiao
Summary: A copper catalyst modified with propanoic acid was developed for the hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of crude lignin bio-oil to jet fuel precursors. The modified catalyst exhibited exceptional catalytic performance, improving the yield of jet fuel precursors and reducing the double bond equivalence and aromaticity index of the products. These findings suggest promising avenues for increasing the efficiency of heterogeneous catalysts in the conversion of lignin-based bio-oil to alternative fuels.
ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ahmad Nasir Pulungan, Ronn Goei, Agus Kembaren, Nurfajriani Nurfajriani, Junifa Layla Sihombing, Saharman Gea, Hana Ria Wong, Muhammad Irvan Hasibuan, Rahayu Rahayu, Alfred Iing Yoong Tok
Summary: The quality of bio-oil produced from oil palm fronds was enhanced through esterification pre-treatment and hydrodeoxygenation reaction. The catalyst used in the reaction was mixed metal oxide anchored within zeolite mordenite. The presence of metal oxides on the catalyst's surface increased its activity in producing liquid products and reducing coke formation. Upgrading the bio-oil improved its physicochemical properties compared to the one-stage upgrading process.
BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Quoc Khanh Tran, Hoang Vu Ly, Byeongwan Kwon, Seung-Soo Kim, Jinsoo Kim
Summary: The study prepared Ni/γ-Al2O3 and Fe/activated carbon catalysts for the hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of guaiacol, showcasing different conversion rates under varying calcination temperatures and metal loadings.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
C. Garcia-Mendoza, C. E. Santolalla-Vargas, Luis G. Woolfolk, P. del Angel, J. A. de los Reyes
Summary: The research found that high acidity is beneficial for demethylation, while medium acidity may promote the cleavage of the aromatic-OCH3 bond. The higher the titania content, the stronger the catalyst's ability to produce completely deoxygenated compounds.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yanlin Xu, Wenhong Wang, Bin Liu, Yuan Pan, Bin Dong, Yichuan Li, Yanpeng Li, Hailing Guo, Yongming Chai, Chenguang Liu
Summary: In this study, a novel and highly efficient bifunctional catalyst was reported for the hydrodeoxygenation of guaiacol. The doping of Nb2O5 significantly enhanced the activity of the CoMoS/gamma-Al2O3 catalyst. The modification of Nb2O5 weakened the metal-support interaction, improved the sulfidation degree of Mo species, and increased the dispersion of MoS2 phases, leading to the formation of more MoS2 edges and thus promoting the scission of C-(sp2)-O bonds in phenolics and enhancing the yield of hydrocarbons, especially benzene.
JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jing Chen, Zongyan Ma, Jiaheng Qin, Ming Chen, Linkun Dong, Weiwen Mao, Xueqi Zhou, Yu Long, Jiantai Ma
Summary: By synthesizing rod-like CoNi alloy catalysts, a selectivity of up to 94.9% for cyclohexanol can be achieved under mild reaction conditions. The synergistic effect of the CoNi alloy also enhances the hydrogen adsorption capability and catalytic activity.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Yucheng Li, Liyu Zhu, Jingyang Zhao, Mengjie Qiu, Jing Liu, Jing He, Luying Wang, Jiandu Lei
Summary: In this study, Co-Zn-based mixed metal oxide (Co-Zn-MMO) catalysts were synthesized and used in the hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) reaction of guaiacol and larch wood-derived bio-oil. Among the catalysts, Co1-Zn2-MMO showed the highest acidity, largest pore size and capacity, and highest density of Co2+& delta;-Ov-Zn2-& delta; oxygen vacancy, resulting in superior HDO activity for guaiacol and effective removal of heteroatomic components from the bio-oil.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Majid Saidi, Pantea Moradi
Summary: The kinetic study of upgrading anisole to jet-grade fuels via catalytic hydrotreatment process reveals that benzene is formed as the primary product through demethoxylation of anisole, with phenol showing the highest selectivity and activation energy in the hydrogenolysis reaction. The comprehensive quantitative reaction network for anisole catalytic hydrotreatment over Cu/gamma-Al2O3 catalyst is consistent with previous studies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Bogdan Shumeiko, Milos Auersvald, Dan Vrtiska, Pavel Simacek, Petr Straka, David Kubicka
Summary: The study explores the stabilization of pyrolysis bio-oil using NiMo/Al2O3 catalyst in a fixed bed reactor, showing that lower average temperature in the reactor can yield stabilized bio-oil with comparable physicochemical properties to bio-oil hydrogenated at higher temperatures. Furthermore, the catalyst's long-term stability is higher when using a slower temperature ramp. This research also demonstrates that there is no sulfur loss from the NiMo/Al2O3 catalyst during bio-oil hydrotreatment.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Jose Luis Gonzalez Escobedo, Eveliina Makela, Aki Braunschweiler, Juha Lehtonen, Marina Lindblad, Riikka L. Puurunen, Reetta Karinen
TOPICS IN CATALYSIS
(2019)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Ekaterina Kholkina, Narendra Kumar, Taina Ohra-aho, Juha Lehtonen, Christian Lindfors, Marcus Perula, Janne Peltonen, Jarno Salonen, Dmitry Yu. Murzin
TOPICS IN CATALYSIS
(2019)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Ekaterina Kholkina, Narendra Kumar, Taina Ohra-aho, Juha Lehtonen, Christian Lindfors, Marcus Perula, Janne Peltonen, Jarno Salonen, Dmitry Yu Murzin
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Marco Marchese, Niko Heikkinen, Emanuele Giglio, Andrea Lanzini, Juha Lehtonen, Matti Reinikainen
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yaseen Khan, Teuvo Kilpio, Minna Marin, Vincenzo Russo, Juha Lehtonen, Reetta Karinen, Tapio Salmi
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
(2020)
Article
Acoustics
Ekaterina Kholkina, Narendra Kumar, Kari Eranen, Markus Peurla, Heikki Palonen, Jarno Salonen, Juha Lehtonen, Dmitry Yu Murzin
Summary: The study focused on waste minimization strategy in synthesis of catalysts from desulfurization slag, resulting in highly crystalline catalysts with improved catalytic activity. Ultrasonication as an additional synthesis step enhanced the crystallization of new phases, leading to increased catalytic performance in basic reactions. Different treating agents and ultrasound pretreatment played important roles in achieving high selectivity and activity for desired product.
ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Elmeri Pienihakkinen, Christian Lindfors, Taina Ohra-aho, Juha Lehtonen, Tom Granstrom, Minna Yamamoto, Anja Oasmaa
Summary: This study investigated fast pyrolysis of hydrolysis lignin in fluidized bed units, identifying technical challenges related to lignin degradation rates, secondary reactions in the vapor phase, pressure buildup, and deposit formation. The carbohydrate content of hydrolysis lignin was found to impact processability, with lower carbohydrate content leading to more challenges such as clogging and bed agglomeration. Solutions such as adding a rotating mixer or feeding raw material in different sections of the reactor were proposed to overcome these challenges.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Matias Alvear, Michele Emanuele Fortunato, Vincenzo Russo, Kari Eranen, Martino Di Serio, Juha Lehtonen, Sari Rautiainen, Dmitry Murzin, Tapio Salmi
Summary: The study demonstrated the effective and selective epoxidation of ethylene using TS-1 catalyst with hydrogen peroxide. Different experimental conditions led to the production of varying byproducts, confirming the catalyst's stability and selectivity.
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ekaterina Kholkina, Narendra Kumar, Kari Eranen, Vincenzo Russo, Jani Rahkila, Markus Peurla, Johan Warna, Juha Lehtonen, Dmitry Yu Murzin
Summary: The carboxymethylation of cinnamyl alcohol with dimethyl carbonate using low-cost catalysts obtained from desulfurization slag was investigated. The slag catalysts showed a wide range of performance depending on their surface area, crystal morphology, and basicity. The synthesized products exhibited high selectivity, and ultrasonication significantly improved the catalytic activity. Compared with commercial basic materials, the slag catalysts demonstrated competitive ability.
REACTION KINETICS MECHANISMS AND CATALYSIS
(2021)
Editorial Material
Energy & Fuels
Christian Lindfors, Douglas C. Elliott, Wolter Prins, Anja Oasmaa, Juha Lehtonen
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Matias Alvear, Federica Orabona, Kari Eranen, Juha Lehtonen, Sari Rautiainen, Martino Di Serio, Vincenzo Russo, Tapio Salmi
Summary: The direct epoxidation of light olefin mixtures with hydrogen peroxide and titanium silicalite (TS-1) catalyst has both scientific and practical significance, as it offers potential economic and environmental advantages.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Matias Alvear, Michele Fortunato, Kari Eraenen, Juha Lehtonen, Sari Rautiainen, Martino Di Serio, Vincenzo Russo, Tapio Salmi
Summary: This study investigated the direct epoxidation of mixed ethene and propene feedstocks using hydrogen peroxide, with the goal of streamlining the process and enhancing efficiency. The study found a reduction in epoxide selectivity and identified methoxy species as the main by-products. Water had a negligible effect on this ring-opening reaction. The tunability of the system was demonstrated, highlighting low temperature and elevated partial ethene pressure as key factors for increasing epoxide selectivity.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Niko Heikkinen, Juha Lehtonen, Laura Keskivali, Jihong Yim, Shwetha Shetty, Yanling Ge, Matti Reinikainen, Matti Putkonen
Summary: A protective overcoating was deposited on a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst using atomic layer deposition, and a model was used to predict the thickness and penetration depth of the overcoating, which was validated by microscopy studies.
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Taina Ohra-aho, Christian Lindfors, Juha Lehtonen, Tarja Tamminen, Virpi Siipola
C-JOURNAL OF CARBON RESEARCH
(2020)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yingna Du, Chen Huang, Wei Jiang, Qiangwei Yan, Yongfei Li, Gang Chen
Summary: In this study, anionic surfactants modified hydrotalcite was used as a flow improver for crude oil under low-temperature conditions. The modified hydrotalcite showed a significant viscosity reduction effect on crude oil. The mechanism of the modified hydrotalcite on viscosity and pour point of crude oil was explored through characterization and analysis of the modified hydrotalcite and oil samples.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mohammad Saeid Rostami, Mohammad Mehdi Khodaei
Summary: In this study, a hybrid structure, MIL-53(Al)@MWCNT, was synthesized by combining MIL-53(Al) particles and -COOH functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT). The hybrid structure was then embedded in a polyethersulfone (PES) polymer matrix to prepare a mixed matrix membrane (MMM) for CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2 separation. The addition of MWCNTs prevented MIL-53(Al) aggregation, improved membrane mechanical properties, and enhanced gas separation efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yunlong Li, Desheng Huang, Xiaomeng Dong, Daoyong Yang
Summary: This study develops theoretical and experimental techniques to determine the phase behavior and physical properties of DME/flue gas/water/heavy oil systems. Eight constant composition expansion (CCE) tests are conducted to obtain new experimental data. A thermodynamic model is used to accurately predict saturation pressure and swelling factors, as well as the phase boundaries of N2/heavy oil systems and DME/CO2/heavy oil systems, with high accuracy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Morteza Afkhamipour, Ebad Seifi, Arash Esmaeili, Mohammad Shamsi, Tohid N. Borhani
Summary: Non-conventional amines are being researched worldwide to overcome the limitations of traditional amines like MEA and MDEA. Adequate process and thermodynamic models are crucial for understanding the applicability and performance of these amines in CO2 absorption, but studies on process modeling for these amines are limited. This study used rate-based modeling and Deshmukh-Mather method to model CO2 absorption by DETA solution in a packed column, validated the model with experimental data, and conducted a sensitivity analysis of mass transfer correlations. The study also compared the CO2 absorption efficiency of DETA solution with an ionic solvent [bmim]-[PF6] and highlighted the importance of finding optimum operational parameters for maximum absorption efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Arastoo Abdi, Mohamad Awarke, M. Reza Malayeri, Masoud Riazi
Summary: The utilization of smart water in EOR operations has gained attention, but more research is needed to understand the complex mechanisms involved. This study investigated the interfacial tension between smart water and crude oil, considering factors such as salt, pH, asphaltene type, and aged smart water. The results revealed that the hydration of ions in smart water plays a key role in its efficacy, with acidic and basic asphaltene acting as intrinsic surfactants. The pH also influenced the interfacial tension, and the aged smart water's interaction with crude oil depended on asphaltene type, salt, and salinity.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Dongao Zhu, Kun Zhu, Lixian Xu, Haiyan Huang, Jing He, Wenshuai Zhu, Huaming Li, Wei Jiang
Summary: In this study, cobalt-based metal-organic frameworks (Co-based MOFs) were used as supports and co-catalysts to confine the NHPI catalyst, solving the leaching issue. The NHPI@Co-MOF with carboxyl groups exhibited stronger acidity and facilitated the generation of active oxygen radicals O2•, resulting in enhanced catalytic activity. This research provides valuable insights into the selection of suitable organic linkers and broadens the research horizon of MOF hybrids in efficient oxidative desulfurization (ODS) applications.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Edwin G. Hoyos, Gloria Amo-Duodu, U. Gulsum Kiral, Laura Vargas-Estrada, Raquel Lebrero, Rail Munoz
Summary: This study investigated the impact of carbon-coated zero-valent nanoparticle concentration on photosynthetic biogas upgrading. The addition of nanoparticles significantly increased microalgae productivity and enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus assimilation. The presence of nanoparticles also improved the quality of biomethane produced.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yao Xiao, Asma Leghari, Linfeng Liu, Fangchao Yu, Ming Gao, Lu Ding, Yu Yang, Xueli Chen, Xiaoyu Yan, Fuchen Wang
Summary: Iron is added as a flocculant in wastewater treatment and the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of sludge produces wastewater containing Fe. This study investigates the effect of aqueous phase (AP) recycling on hydrochar properties, iron evolution and environmental assessment during HTC of sludge. The results show that AP recycling process improves the dewatering performance of hydrochar and facilitates the recovery of Fe from the liquid phase.
Article
Energy & Fuels
He Liang, Tao Wang, Zhenmin Luo, Jianliang Yu, Weizhai Yi, Fangming Cheng, Jingyu Zhao, Xingqing Yan, Jun Deng, Jihao Shi
Summary: This study investigated the influence of inhibitors (carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and heptafluoropropane) on the lower flammability limit of hydrogen and determined the critical inhibitory concentration needed for complete suppression. The impact of inhibitors on explosive characteristics was evaluated, and the inhibitory mechanism was analyzed with chemical kinetics. The results showed that with the increase of inhibitor quantity, the lower flammability limit of hydrogen also increased. The research findings can contribute to the safe utilization of hydrogen energy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zonghui Liu, Zhongze Zhang, Yali Zhou, Ziling Wang, Mingyang Du, Zhe Wen, Bing Yan, Qingxiang Ma, Na Liu, Bing Xue
Summary: In this study, high-performance solid catalysts based on phosphotungstic acid (HPW) supported on Zr-SBA-15 were synthesized and evaluated for the one-pot conversion of furfural (FUR) to γ-valerolactone (GVL). The catalysts were characterized using various techniques, and the ratio of HPW and Zr was found to significantly affect the selectivity of GVL. The HPW/Zr-SBA-15 (2-4-15) catalyst exhibited the highest GVL yield (83%) under optimized reaction conditions, and it was determined that a balance between Bronsted acid sites (BAS) and Lewis acid sites (LAS) was crucial for achieving higher catalytic performance. The reaction parameters and catalyst stability were also investigated.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Michael Stoehr, Stephan Ruoff, Bastian Rauch, Wolfgang Meier, Patrick Le Clercq
Summary: As part of the global energy transition, an experimental study was conducted to understand the effects of different fuel properties on droplet vaporization for various conventional and alternative fuels. The study utilized a flow channel to measure the evolution of droplet diameters over time and distance. The results revealed the temperature-dependent effects of physical properties, such as boiling point, liquid density, and enthalpy of vaporization, and showed the complex interactions of preferential vaporization and temperature-dependent influences of physical properties for multi-component fuels.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yuan Zhuang, Ruikang Wu, Xinyan Wang, Rui Zhai, Changyong Gao
Summary: Through experimental validation and optimization of the chemical kinetic model, it was found that methanol can accelerate the oxidation reaction of ammonia, and methanol can be rapidly oxidized at high concentration. HO2 was found to generate a significant amount of OH radicals, facilitating the oxidation of methanol and ammonia. Rating: 7.5/10.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Radwan M. EL-Zohairy, Ahmed S. Attia, A. S. Huzayyin, Ahmed I. EL-Seesy
Summary: This paper presents a lab-scale experimental study on the impact of diethyl ether (DEE) as an additive to waste cooking oil biodiesel with Jet A-1 on combustion and emission features of a swirl-stabilized premixed flame. The addition of DEE to biodiesel significantly affects the flame temperature distribution and emissions. The W20D20 blend of DEE, biodiesel, and Jet A-1 shows similar flame temperature distribution to Jet A-1 and significantly reduces UHC, CO, and NOx emissions compared to Jet A-1.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jiang Bian, Ziyuan Zhao, Yang Liu, Ran Cheng, Xuerui Zang, Xuewen Cao
Summary: This study presents a novel method for ammonia separation using supersonic flow and develops a mathematical model to investigate the condensation phenomenon. The results demonstrate that the L-P nucleation model accurately characterizes the nucleation process of ammonia at low temperatures. Numerical simulations also show that increasing pressure and concentration can enhance ammonia condensation efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shiyuan Pan, Xiaodan Shi, Beibei Dong, Jan Skvaril, Haoran Zhang, Yongtu Liang, Hailong Li
Summary: Integrating CO2 capture with biomass-fired combined heat and power (bio-CHP) plants is a promising method for achieving negative emissions. This study develops a reliable data-driven model based on the Transformer architecture to predict the flowrate and CO2 concentration of flue gas in real time. The model validation shows high prediction accuracy, and the potential impact of meteorological parameters on model accuracy is assessed. The results demonstrate that the Transformer model outperforms other models and using near-infrared spectral data as input features improves the prediction accuracy.