Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Christos Koutserimpas, Ifigeneia Chamakioti, Stylianos Zervakis, Konstantinos Raptis, Kalliopi Alpantaki, Diamantis P. Kofteridis, Georgia Vrioni, George Samonis
Summary: Non-Candida fungal prosthetic joint infections pose a clinical challenge that requires a multidisciplinary approach. The combination of two-stage revision arthroplasty and prolonged antifungal treatment has been shown to be the standard of care in the reviewed cases.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Chiara Papalini, Giacomo Pucci, Giulia Cenci, Antonella Mencacci, Daniela Francisci, Auro Caraffa, Pierluigi Antinolfi, Maria Bruna Pasticci
Summary: This study aimed to report the clinical and microbiological findings of patients diagnosed with prosthetic joint infection (PJI) in a hospital in Italy and validate these diagnoses using the European Bone and Joint Infection Society three-level diagnostic approach. The study found that staphylococci were the most common microorganisms, with Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci being the most common likely PJI etiologies. Logistic regression analysis did not identify any independent predictors of confirmed PJI.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Orthopedics
Martin McNally, Irene Sigmund, Andrew Hotchen, Ricardo Sousa
Summary: Diagnosing prosthetic joint infections (PJI) can be challenging due to poor diagnostic workup and culture-negative infection. A systematic approach and standardized criteria are required for PJI diagnosis. Recent publications of improved PJI definitions have provided better accuracy. The new European Bone and Joint Infection Society definition offers advantages in clinical practice by identifying clinically important infections and accurately defining those with the highest risk of treatment failure, reducing uncertain diagnoses.
EFORT OPEN REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Pathology
Zakareya Gamie, Dileep Karthikappallil, Emane Gamie, Stavros Stamiris, Eustathios Kenanidis, Eleftherios Tsiridis
Summary: Current microbiology culture methods for prosthetic joint infections (PJIs) have a high false-negative rate, prompting investigation into next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). While these technologies show promise in identifying causative organisms, further refinement and addressing cost and complexity issues are necessary before routine clinical use.
EXPERT REVIEW OF MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTICS
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Yannick Herry, Olivier Lesens, Gaelle Bourgeois, Mylene Maillet, Romain Bricca, Celine Cazorla, Judith Karsenty, Tomasz Chroboczek, Anissa Bouaziz, Julien Saison, Marie-Elodie Langlois, Celine Dupieux-Chabert, Tristan Ferry, Florent Valour
Summary: This study describes the management and outcome of Staphylococcus lugdunensis prosthetic joint infection (PJI). Surgical management plays a pivotal role in the treatment of this difficult-to-treat infection.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Jorrit W. A. Schoenmakers, Marjolein Heuker, Marina Lopez-Alvarez, Wouter B. Nagengast, Gooitzen M. van Dam, Jan Maarten van Dijl, Paul C. Jutte, Marleen van Oosten
Summary: This study aimed to investigate whether arthroscopic optical imaging can accurately detect bacterial biofilms on prosthetic joints. By using a conjugate of vancomycin and IRDye800CW, the researchers were able to accurately detect staphylococcal biofilms in real time and distinguish them from sterile sections. The presented image-guided arthroscopic approach provides direct visual diagnostic information and facilitates immediate appropriate treatment selection.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Jun Tan, Yang Liu, Sabrina Ehnert, Andreas K. Nuessler, Yang Yu, Jianzhong Xu, Tao Chen
Summary: Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) displays high accuracy in the diagnosis of prosthetic joint infection (PJI), especially for culture-negative cases.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Orthopedics
Omer Salar, Jonathan Phillips, Robert Porter
Summary: Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a significant complication following knee replacement surgery, with diagnosis relying on clinical suspicion, radiographic findings, and bio-microbiological investigations. Aspiration and biopsy play important roles in the diagnosis of PJI, with emphasis on cell count and culture testing. 'Point of care' tests such as Leucocyte Esterase testing should also be considered. Discussion with a multidisciplinary team is key for determining culture duration and interpreting results effectively.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Christos Koutserimpas, Symeon Naoum, Kalliopi Alpantaki, Konstantinos Raptis, Konstantinos Dretakis, Georgia Vrioni, George Samonis
Summary: Fungal prosthetic joint infections (PJIs), especially in revised knee arthroplasties, are rare but devastating complications. This article reports a case of Candida parapsilosis PJI and provides a review of published fungal PJIs in revised knee arthroplasties. The combination of antifungal treatment and two-stage revision arthroplasty seems to be the preferred treatment, with a success rate of 82.6%.
Article
Immunology
Savanah D. Gisriel, Jeremy W. Jacobs
Summary: Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis are common pathogens in prosthetic joint infections, while Staphylococcus pettenkoferi is a rare causative bacterium that has rarely been found in such infections. We report the first case of a prosthetic joint infection caused by S. pettenkoferi, highlighting its infectious potential in specific patient populations.
MICROBES AND INFECTION
(2022)
Article
Orthopedics
Curtis W. Hartman, Eric C. Daubach, Brian T. Richard, Elizabeth R. Lyden, Hani Haider, Beau J. Kildow, Beau S. Konigsberg, Kevin L. Garvin
Summary: This study examined the relationship between patient risk factors, comorbidities, and the pathogen on reinfection rates following two-stage reimplantation for periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). The results showed a strong association between elevated serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and Methicillin Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) infection with the failure of two-stage reimplantation. There were also trends suggesting an association between elevated Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR), longer time-to-reimplantation, and reinfection, although not statistically significant.
JOURNAL OF ARTHROPLASTY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Maria Eugenia Portillo, Ignacio Sancho
Summary: The article discusses the use of non-culture techniques in the diagnosis of prosthetic joint infections (PJI). Nucleic acid amplification and sequencing methods are described as useful tools for detecting and identifying pathogens. The new technologies have shown promise in improving the etiological diagnosis of PJI, but rigorous protocols are necessary to avoid contamination.
Review
Infectious Diseases
Javier Cobo, Rosa Escudero-Sanchez
Summary: The treatment of prosthetic joint infections (PJIs) is a complex matter that requires integration of surgical, microbiological, and pharmacological aspects, while also taking into consideration each patient's individual context. In some cases, curative treatment may not be possible, leading to the importance of long-term antibiotic administration to suppress the infection.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Marta Bottagisio, Marco Vigano, Antonio Pellegrini, Nicola Logoluso, Luigi Zagra, Andrea Prina, Laura de Girolamo, Elena De Vecchi
Summary: The analysis of synovial fluid is crucial for diagnosing prosthetic joint infections. This study examined the effectiveness of synovial calprotectin, analyzed using a commercial stool test, in accurately predicting PJIs. The study found that synovial calprotectin correlated with established indicators of local infection, suggesting it could be a valuable biomarker for diagnosing PJI.
Review
Infectious Diseases
William Steadman, Paul R. Chapman, Michael Schuetz, Beat Schmutz, Andrej Trampuz, Kevin Tetsworth
Summary: Prosthetic Joint Infection (PJI) is a global issue causing significant harm to patients. Delivering antibiotics directly to the infection site can improve treatment outcomes and eliminate biofilms. Different carriers, such as PMMA bone cement and resorbable substances like calcium sulphate, hydroxyapatite, bioactive glass, and hydrogels, can be used to deliver antibiotics. While PMMA allows for structural support during revision procedures, it requires removal and has variable antibiotic compatibility. Calcium sulphate is the most studied resorbable carrier, but it can cause wound leakage and hypercalcemia, and its clinical effectiveness is still being researched. Hydrogels provide flexibility in combining with antibiotics and adjusting release profiles, but their clinical usage is limited. Bacteriophages are a promising novel therapy for biofilms, with successful application in small case series.
Review
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Nick D. van Rijsewijk, Frank F. A. IJpma, Marjan Wouthuyzen-Bakker, Andor W. J. M. Glaudemans
Summary: F-18-FDG PET/CT has good diagnostic accuracy and value in the diagnosis of fever of unknown origin, providing reliable results in various patient groups. Compared to 67Ga-citrate and WBC scintigraphy, F-18-FDG PET/CT has been more extensively researched and is preferred due to its advantages and shorter procedural duration.
SEMINARS IN NUCLEAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
N. D. van Rijsewijk, B. van Leer, O. V. Ivashchenko, E. H. Scholvinck, F. van den Heuvel, J. H. van Snick, R. H. J. A. Slart, W. Noordzij, A. W. J. M. Glaudemans
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING
(2023)
Review
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Alberto Signore, Valeria Bentivoglio, Michela Varani, Chiara Lauri
Summary: Imaging infection remains a challenge for researchers. New strategies are needed to specifically target the causative pathogen, select the best antimicrobial treatment, and accurately assess therapeutic efficacy. Molecular imaging shows promise in improving personalized diagnosis and finding more selective antimicrobial treatments.
SEMINARS IN NUCLEAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Derk ten Hove, Ali R. Wahadat, Riemer H. J. A. Slart, Marjan Wouthuyzen-Bakker, Gianclaudio Mecozzi, Kevin Damman, Hester Witteveen, Kadir Caliskan, Olivier C. Manintveld, Bhanu Sinha, Ricardo P. J. Budde, Andor W. J. M. Glaudemans
Summary: This study evaluated the diagnostic capability of [F-18]FDG PET/CT for device-related infections (DRIs) in heart failure patients and investigated the factors affecting its accuracy. The results showed that [F-18]FDG PET/CT reliably predicts the presence of DRI in LVAD recipients, and semi-quantitative analysis can increase the specificity of [F-18]FDG PET/CT for the analysis of central device component infection.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL-CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Joyce van Sluis, Mar Bellido, Andor W. J. M. Glaudemans, Riemer H. J. A. Slart
Summary: Generally, positron emission tomography imaging is not often performed in pregnant patients due to the risks of radiation exposure to the fetus. However, the use of long axial Field-of-View (LAFOV) PET systems can provide diagnostic quality images with a reduced level of injected F-18-FDG activity, allowing for safer imaging in pregnant patients. In this case, LAFOV PET imaging was successfully used for staging and therapy selection in a pregnant patient with follicular lymphoma, minimizing radiation exposure to the fetus.
Article
Orthopedics
Bart Van Dooren, Rinne M. Peters, Paul C. Jutte, Martin Stevens, B. Willem Schreurs, Wierd P. Zijlstra
Summary: A comparison between cemented and uncemented revision stems in patients who underwent revision for periprosthetic femoral fracture (PPF) showed that there was no difference in the risk of re-revision between the two approaches.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Kornelis S. M. van der Geest, Berend G. C. Slijkhuis, Alessandro Tomelleri, Olivier Gheysens, William F. Jiemy, Costanza Piccolo, Pieter Nienhuis, Maria Sandovici, Elisabeth Brouwer, Andor W. J. M. Glaudemans, Douwe J. Mulder, Riemer H. J. A. Slart
Summary: FDG-PET/CT is a valuable diagnostic tool for identifying inflammation in large and medium-sized blood vessels in patients with systemic vasculitides. It can complement other vascular imaging techniques such as ultrasound, CTA, and MRA. In addition, FDG-PET/CT plays an important role in monitoring the treatment of vasculitis patients. The introduction of new immune-cell targeted radiotracers may enable direct visualization of inflammatory cell infiltrates in the vasculature of vasculitis patients.
CARDIOLOGY CLINICS
(2023)
Article
Orthopedics
Reinier W. A. Spek, Anneke Spekenbrink-Spooren, Joost W. Vanhommerig, Nini Jonkman, Job N. Doornberg, Ruurd L. Jaarsma, Paul C. Jutte, Hugo C. van der Veen, Arthur van Noort, Michel P. J. van den Bekerom
Summary: This study compared the revision rates and patient-reported outcomes of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) for fractures and degenerative conditions. The results showed that patients with fractures had a higher risk of revision within the first year after surgery compared to patients with degenerative conditions. However, there were no clinically relevant differences in patient-reported outcomes between the two groups.
JOURNAL OF SHOULDER AND ELBOW SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Alberto Signore, Chiara Lauri, Arianna Di Paolo, Valeria Stati, Giuliano Santolamazza, Gabriela Capriotti, Daniela Prosperi, Anna Tofani, Stefano Valabrega, Giuseppe Campagna
Summary: In this study, we measured serum thyroglobulin (Tg) in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) at different time points to evaluate the risk of disease recurrence. The results showed that Tg measured 30 days before radioactive iodine therapy (RAI) could reliably predict future nodal or distant disease, guiding the most appropriate treatment and follow-up for patients.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Alberto Signore, Rita Bonfiglio, Michela Varani, Filippo Galli, Giuseppe Campagna, Manuel Desco, Lorena Cusso, Maurizio Mattei, Andreas Wunder, Filippo Borri, Maria T. Lupo, Elena Bonanno
Summary: Imaging using radiolabelled monoclonal antibodies can provide molecular information for treatment planning and monitoring therapeutic response in cancer and chronic inflammatory diseases. The study aimed to evaluate if a pre-therapy scan with radiolabelled anti-alpha(4)beta(7) integrin or anti-TNF alpha mAb could predict therapeutic outcome with unlabelled counterparts.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Andor W. J. M. Glaudemans, Olivier Gheysens
Summary: Nuclear medicine imaging techniques have gained widespread acceptance in diagnosing and monitoring infectious and inflammatory diseases. PET imaging has been incorporated into diagnostic flowcharts in recent clinical guidelines. This perspective paper discusses current guidelines, limitations, and future research goals for achieving the differentiation between infection, inflammation, and malignancy in nuclear medicine.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Niek H. J. Prakken, Florent L. Besson, Ronald J. H. Borra, Florian Buether, Ronny R. Buechel, Ciprian Catana, Arturo Chiti, Rudi A. J. O. Dierckx, Marc R. Dweck, Paola A. Erba, Andor W. J. M. Glaudemans, Lars C. Gormsen, Ivalina Hristova, Michel Koole, Thomas C. Kwee, Felix M. Mottaghy, Irene Polycarpou, Mathias Prokop, Lars Stegger, Charalampos Tsoumpas, Riemer H. J. A. Slart
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Pallavi Nayak, Valeria Bentivoglio, Michela Varani, Alberto Signore
Summary: Cancer is a global public health issue, and the use of in vitro cellular models with pre-clinical animal models is crucial for understanding the complex biology of cancer and testing new diagnostic and therapeutic options. Among these models, three-dimensional spheroid models are particularly important as they can accurately mimic the behavior of solid tumors.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chiara Lauri, Giuseppe Campagna, Andor W. J. M. Glaudemans, Riemer H. J. A. Slart, Bram van Leer, Janesh Pillay, Marzia Colandrea, Chiara Maria Grana, Antonio Stigliano, Alberto Signore
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the metabolic activity of the thyroid and adrenal glands in COVID-19 patients using F-18-FDG PET/CT. The results showed persistent low adrenal uptake in COVID-19 patients, suggesting chronic hypofunction. However, the thyroid uptake in COVID-19 patients was comparable to normal subjects at disease onset, but some patients showed increased metabolism after recovery, potentially indicating the onset of inflammatory thyroiditis.
Article
Orthopedics
Reinier W. A. Spek, Lotje A. Hoogervorst, Michaela E. C. Elias, Ruurd L. Jaarsma, DirkJan H. E. J. Veeger, Job N. Doornberg, Paul C. Jutte, Michel P. J. van den Bekerom
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate if the collar and cuff treatment improve alignment in displaced surgical neck fractures of the proximal humerus. The results showed that, except for humeral head angulation improvement in type A fractures, there was no increase nor reduction in displacement among the three fracture patterns in non-operatively treated cases. Therefore, it is advised that surgical decision-making should be performed immediately after trauma.
ARCHIVES OF ORTHOPAEDIC AND TRAUMA SURGERY
(2023)
