Review
Thermodynamics
Seyyed Hassan Hosseini, Athanasios Tsolakis, Avinash Alagumalai, Omid Mahian, Su Shiung Lam, Junting Pan, Wanxi Peng, Meisam Tabatabaei, Mortaza Aghbashlo
Summary: Hydrogen is a promising energy carrier that can be produced from renewable resources. It can be used in diesel engines with little modification and has the potential to improve performance and reduce emissions. However, there are challenges such as knocking combustion and higher nitrogen oxide emissions. This paper comprehensively reviews the effects of hydrogen on dual-fuel diesel engines and discusses opportunities and limitations. Suggestions for improving hydrogen-fueled diesel engines include reformulating pilot fuel, blending hydrogen with other fuels, adjusting engine parameters, and using exhaust gas catalysts.
PROGRESS IN ENERGY AND COMBUSTION SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ye Min Oo, Jarernporn Thawornprasert, Narong Intaprom, Kammarat Rodniem, Krit Somnuk
Summary: The research compared the engine performance and exhaust emissions of direct injection (DI) and indirect injection diesel (IDI) engines fueled with different types of fuel. Results showed that the DI engine had higher efficiency and lower fuel consumption compared to the IDI engine, particularly at high engine loads. The study also demonstrated that the use of nanoemulsion fuel in the IDI engine significantly reduced NOx emissions.
Article
Thermodynamics
Binyang Wu, Zhi Jia, Zhen guo Li, Guang yi Liu, Xiang lin Zhong
Summary: This study explores the potential of improving exhaust gas temperature in diesel engines through the fuel system and air system, focusing on the impact of intake throttle, exhaust throttle, intercooler cooling control, and VGT-coupled RIVCT on exhaust gas temperature and thermal efficiency. The results suggest that the VGT-RIVCT technology can enhance thermal efficiency and exhaust gas temperature, effectively addressing the trade-off problem in traditional thermal management techniques.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Po Li, Xiang Li, Hao Wang, Feng Guo
Summary: The study investigates the application of two different ammonia fuel injection systems in a diesel generator and finds that gas phase port injection (GPPI) is more effective in reducing the CO2 content of ammonia in the exhaust gas compared to premixed charge compression ignition (PCCI). However, both modes reduce the thermal efficiency of the generator, with ammonia having a greater negative impact on the thermal efficiency of the PCCI mode.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Cho-Yu Lee, Dai-Qui Vo
Summary: Studies have shown that speeding up engine warm-up can reduce THC emissions. Researchers have developed a low-cost double-layer fan cover that, when installed on motorcycles, significantly reduces cold-start time and THC emissions, while also improving fuel economy.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Abdulvahap Cakmak
Summary: This study investigates the applicability of high-proportion biodiesel in a diesel engine by adding acetate compounds. The results show that acetate-added biodiesel fuels improve viscosity and cold filter plugging point temperature, enhance thermal efficiency, and reduce pollutant emissions compared to neat biodiesel. However, their engine performance is still inferior to diesel fuel.
ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Review
Thermodynamics
Jie Hu, Yan Wu, Jianxiong Liao, Zhizhou Cai, Qinghua Yu
Summary: This review paper focuses on the role and application of exhaust thermal management (ETM) technologies in reducing pollutant emissions and improving energy efficiency. It discusses various engine-based and device-added ETM technologies, as well as their advantages, limitations, and challenges. Integration of multiple technologies is suggested to mitigate fuel consumption and emissions penalties. Waste heat recovery techniques and thermal energy storage systems are gaining attention for CO2 emission reduction. The review concludes with proposed solutions and future directions for ETM technologies.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zhanming Chen, Jingjing He, Hao Chen, Limin Geng, Peng Zhang
Summary: A comparative study on the effects of energy substitution ratio (ESR) on the combustion characteristics and performance of a dual fuel engine fueled with diesel/alcohols was conducted. Premixed combustion of diesel was influenced by alcohol enrichment, affecting ignition delay and combustion duration. Methanol was found to be most beneficial in prolonging ignition delay and shortening combustion duration. Energy substitution ratio also affected brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and NOx emissions differently for different alcohol types.
Article
Energy & Fuels
B. Karpanai Selvan, Soni Das, M. Chandrasekar, R. Girija, S. John Vennison, N. Jaya, P. Saravanan, M. Rajasimman, Yasser Vasseghian, N. Rajamohan
Summary: The study investigates the performance and emission characteristics of various biomass blends in a diesel engine. The results show that the AO10D blend performs well with higher thermal efficiency and lower emissions at 50% load.
Article
Engineering, Marine
Zhongmin Ma, Taili Du, Shulin Duan, Hongfei Qu, Kai Wang, Hui Xing, Yongjiu Zou, Peiting Sun
Summary: The implementation of new emissions regulations in China requires a reassessment of emissions levels in newly built ships. This study conducted emissions bench tests on marine diesel engines using high-precision testing equipment. The results provide valuable data on emission factors and characteristics of marine diesel engines, contributing to research on ship emissions and understanding of the impact of waterway transportation.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Mustafa Vargun, Ahmet Necati Ozsezen
Summary: The study investigates the impact of fuel injection timing on combustion and exhaust characteristics of a diesel engine using alcohol-diesel mixtures. Engine tests with fixed control parameters show that advancing fuel injection timing improves cylinder gas pressure and heat release rate. The use of alcohol-diesel blends reduces ignition delay, combustion duration, increases knocking tendency, and decreases CO and NH3 emissions. Changes in fuel injection timing effectively reduce CO2 and NOx emissions.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yanxiang Long, Gesheng Li, Zunhua Zhang, Junjie Liang
Summary: The study investigated the use of REGR technique for emissions reduction in marine LNG engines, achieving a 60-70% reduction in NOx emissions and meeting Tier III regulations. However, a high RRNG led to increased concentrations of H2 and CO, resulting in increased NOx emissions and decreased unburned hydrocarbons.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ye Min Oo, Apichet Legwiriyakul, Jarernporn Thawornprasert, Krit Somnuk
Summary: This study successfully produced a diesel-biodiesel-water fuel nanoemulsion using a rotor-stator hydrodynamic cavitation reactor. The optimized nanoemulsion fuel showed good stability and demonstrated advantages in terms of emissions.
Article
Thermodynamics
Yigit Gulmez
Summary: By advancing fuel injection timing, the negative impact of exhaust back-pressure on diesel engine performance can be mitigated, resulting in improved combustion rate and engine efficiency.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART A-JOURNAL OF POWER AND ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Sutthichai Khamhuatoey, Sommas Kaewluan, Jarernporn Thawornprasert, Ye Min Oo, Kritsakon Pongraktham, Krit Somnuk
Summary: This study evaluated the performance and emissions of direct injection diesel engines using blends of diesel-biodiesel-esterified pyrolysis bio-oil (D-B-EPB). The results showed that a fuel blend consisting of 30% diesel, 60% biodiesel, and 10% EPB (D30B60EPB10) met the density and viscosity requirements of diesel standards. The D30B60EPB10 blend exhibited performance comparable to diesel while being more environmentally friendly in terms of reducing carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxide, and smoke opacity.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jianbing Gao, Guohong Tian, Chaochen Ma, Yuanjian Zhang, Shikai Xing, Phil Jenner
Summary: Lean-burn was adopted as an effective method in this study to reduce NOx emissions from hydrogen combustion in ORP engines. The equivalence ratio has a significant impact on combustion and NOx emission characteristics, with effects varying with engine speeds. High NOx emissions were observed under low engine speed conditions due to hydrogen combustion near stoichiometric ratio.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Jianbing Gao, Chaochen Ma, Guohong Tian, Shikai Xing, Phil Jenner
Summary: A opposed rotary piston expander was proposed for small-scale ORC systems to recover waste heat energy from internal combustion engines of on-road vehicles. The expander had similar evolutions of cylinder volume, fluid mass, in-cylinder pressure, and temperature during operation; however, high rotation speed led to reductions in in-cylinder pressure, volumetric efficiency, and adiabatic efficiency compared to low speed operation.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Shaobo Ji, Yang Li, Guohong Tian, Minglei Shu, Guorui Jia, Shaoqing He, Xin Lan, Yong Cheng
Summary: The study found that ozone can promote the combustion reaction activity of methane-air mixture, increase flame instability, decrease flame thickness, and enhance flame speed and burning velocity. Ozone has a more notable enhancement effect for lean methane-air mixture, which can theoretically improve the combustion performance of natural gas engines.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jianbing Gao, Shikai Xing, Guohong Tian, Chaochen Ma, Meng Zhao, Phil Jenner
Summary: Hybrid vehicles are gaining attention due to environmental concerns, and Opposed Rotary Piston (ORP) engines are seen as a promising power source for these vehicles. Research on a turbocharged ORP engine fueled with hydrogen revealed high volumetric efficiency and excellent torque characteristics, with a maximum indicated power density significantly higher than turbocharged four-stroke reciprocating engines fueled with gasoline.
Review
Thermodynamics
Yuheng Du, Guohong Tian, Michael Pekris
Summary: In recent years, carbon dioxide cycles have shown high efficiency and compact structure, with various types of expanders being evaluated for their performance in micro-scale applications. Volumetric expanders are found to have certain advantages due to suitable rotational speed and potential leakage reduction, but both internal and external leakages remain a significant challenge that needs urgent attention.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Simon Emhardt, Guohong Tian, Panpan Song, John Chew, Mingshan Wei
Summary: This research paper presents a CFD analysis of small scale ORC scroll expanders using variable and constant wall thicknesses. The results show that the variable wall thickness design generates lower gas forces but higher pressure gradients compared to the constant wall thickness design.
Article
Thermodynamics
Patrick Brosnan, Guohong Tian, Hongguang Zhang, Zhong Wu, Yaochu Jin
Summary: This paper presents a multi-domain model of a Permanent Magnet Linear Synchronous Machine (PMLSM) for Free Piston Engine Generators (FPEG) and validates the model's accuracy and performance with experimental data.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT-X
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Zhong Wu, Hongguang Zhang, Zhongliang Liu, Guohong Tian, Xiaochen Hou, Fubin Yang
Summary: This paper analyzes the movement of the piston and the forces involved in the free-piston expander-linear generator (FPE-LG). The study proposes a nominal work-electricity conversion loss coefficient and explores methods to reduce energy loss.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Junfeng Huang, Jianbing Gao, Ce Yang, Guohong Tian, Chaochen Ma
Summary: This paper investigates the impact of ignition timing and equivalence ratios on combustion characteristics, energy loss, and NOx emissions in a hydrogen-fueled ORP engine through simulation studies. The results indicate that early ignition significantly restricts flame development, with negligible effect on in-cylinder pressure. Combustion duration is dependent on ignition timing and less sensitive to equivalence ratio within a specific ignition timing range. The highest thermal efficiency is achieved with early ignition, while late ignition has a significant impact. Energy loss through cylinder walls and exhaust accounts for a certain percentage of the total fuel energy. The effect of equivalence ratios on NOx emissions is influenced by ignition timing.
Review
Thermodynamics
Delika M. Weragoda, Guohong Tian, Arman Burkitbayev, Kin-Hing Lo, Teng Zhang
Summary: Heat pipes are receiving increasing interest in the thermal management of EV and HEV battery packs due to their superconductive capability, robustness, low maintenance, and longevity. However, the lack of understanding about their limitations during rapid heat fluctuations, adverse environmental conditions, performance under multiple heat loads, failure criteria in battery thermal management, and the lack of simple and versatile thermal models are hindering the commercialization of heat pipe-based battery thermal management systems. This comprehensive review aims to address these issues and provide insights for further development of this promising thermal management system.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Junfeng Huang, Jianbing Gao, Yufeng Wang, Ce Yang, Chaochen Ma, Guohong Tian
Summary: This paper explores the engine performance and emissions of an opposed rotary piston engine with asymmetric fuel injection. The results show that asymmetric fuel injection leads to improved hydrogen penetration distance, reduced emissions, and better overall performance.
Article
Thermodynamics
Yuheng Du, Michael Pekris, Guohong Tian
Summary: The scroll-type expander is a promising candidate for micro-scale transcritical CO2 waste heat recovery power system. The performance of the expander relies heavily on the flank clearance design. This paper presents a transient CFD analysis of transcritical CO2 scroll expander with varying flank clearance sizes, revealing the optimal range of 100 to 150 μm for efficient operation.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Yuheng Du, Michael Pekris, Guohong Tian
Summary: This study investigates the impact of sealing cavities on the performance of scroll-type expanders in transcritical CO2 waste heat recovery power systems. The results show that sealing cavities can improve machinery performance, reduce leakage, and optimize pressure imbalance issues. Different shapes of sealing cavities have similar effects in enhancing isentropic efficiency and reducing leakage ratio.
Article
Electrochemistry
Arman Burkitbayev, Delika M. Weragoda, Francesco Ciampa, Kin Hing Lo, Guohong Tian
Summary: In this study, a novel vertically-oriented heat-pipe-based hybrid cooling battery thermal management system (BTMS) was proposed to effectively reduce the surface temperature of cylindrical batteries. The system was numerically evaluated and experimentally validated, showing promising thermal performance.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xuankai Cao, Yan Gao, Yanteng Li, Delika M. Weragoda, Guohong Tian, Wenke Zhang, Zhanchao Zhang, Xudong Zhao, Baoming Chen
Summary: Hydrogen energy is considered the most promising ultimate energy source due to its high combustion value, cleanliness, and lack of pollution. Electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen has advantages of simplicity, high efficiency, environmental safety, and high-purity hydrogen. However, challenges such as high power consumption and limited large-scale application of catalysts hinder its widespread use. This paper focuses on the research status of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and their derivatives for electrocatalytic water splitting, analyzing the relationship between catalytic behavior and catalyst activity as well as proposing strategies to improve catalytic activity. Future development perspectives for MOFs in electrocatalytic water decomposition are also presented.
Article
Thermodynamics
Pengcheng Zhao, Jingang Wang, Liming Sun, Yun Li, Haiting Xia, Wei He
Summary: The production of green hydrogen through water electrolysis is crucial for renewable energy utilization and decarbonization. This research explores the optimal electrode configuration and system design of compactly-assembled industrial electrolyzer. The findings provide valuable insights for industrial application of water electrolysis equipment.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
V. Baiju, P. Abhishek, S. Harikrishnan
Summary: Thermally driven adsorption desalination systems (ADS) have gained attention as an eco-friendly solution for water scarcity. However, they face challenges related to low water productivity and scalability. To overcome these challenges, integrating ADS with other desalination technologies can create a small-scale hybrid system. This study proposes integrating ADS with a Thermo Electric Dehumidification (TED) unit to enhance its performance.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
C. X. He, Y. H. Liu, X. Y. Huang, S. B. Wan, Q. Chen, J. Sun, T. S. Zhao
Summary: A decentralized centroid multi-path RC network model is constructed to improve the temperature prediction accuracy compared to traditional RC models. By incorporating multiple heat flow paths and decentralizing thermal capacity, a more accurate prediction is achieved.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Chaoying Li, Meng Wang, Nana Li, Di Gu, Chao Yan, Dandan Yuan, Hong Jiang, Baohui Wang, Xirui Wang
Summary: There is an urgent need to shift away from heavy dependence on fossil fuels and embrace renewable energy sources, particularly in the energy-intensive oil refining process. This study presents an innovative concept called the Solar Oil Refinery, which applies solar energy in oil refining. A solar multi-energies-driven hybrid chemical oil refining system that utilizes solar pyrolysis and electrolysis has been developed, significantly improving solar utilization efficiency, cracking rate, and hydrogen yield.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Chao Ma, Guanghui Wang, Dingbiao Wang, Xu Peng, Yushen Yang, Xinxin Liu, Chongrui Yang, Jiaheng Chen
Summary: This study proposes a bio-inspired fish-tail wind rotor to improve the wind power efficiency of the traditional Savonius rotor. Through transient simulations and orthogonal experiments, the key factors affecting the performance are identified. A response surface model is constructed to optimize the power coefficient, resulting in an improvement of 9.4% and 6.6% compared to the Savonius rotor.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Sina Bahmanziari, Abbas-Ali Zamani
Summary: This paper proposes a new framework for improving electrical energy harvesting from piezoelectric smart tiles through a combination of magnetic plucking, mechanical impact, and mechanical vibration force mechanisms. Experimental results demonstrate a significant increase in energy yield and average energy harvesting time compared to other mechanisms.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Nanjiang Dong, Tao Zhang, Rui Wang
Summary: This study establishes a multiobjective mixed-variable configuration optimization model for a comprehensive combined cooling, heating, and power energy system, and proposes an efficient generating operator to optimize this model. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm performs better than other state-of-the-art algorithms.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Ahmed E. Mansy, Eman A. El Desouky, Tarek H. Taha, M. A. Abu-Saied, Hamada El-Gendi, Ranya A. Amer, Zhen-Yu Tian
Summary: This study aims to convert office paper waste into bioethanol through a sustainable pathway. The results show that physiochemical and enzymatic hydrolysis of the waste can yield a high glucose concentration. The optimal conditions were determined using the Box-Behnken design, and a blended membrane was used for ethanol purification.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Sven Klute, Marcus Budt, Mathias van Beek, Christian Doetsch
Summary: Heat pumps are crucial for decarbonizing heat supply, and steam generating heat pumps have the potential to decarbonize the industrial sector. This paper presents the current state, technical and economic data, and modeling principles of steam generating heat pumps.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Le Zhang, To-Hung Tsui, Yen Wah Tong, Pruk Aggarangsi, Ronghou Liu
Summary: This study investigates the effectiveness of a current-carrying-coil-based magnetic field in promoting anaerobic digestion of chicken manure. The results show that the applied magnetic field increases methane yield, decreases carbon dioxide production, and reduces the concentration of ammonia nitrogen. Microbial community analysis reveals the enrichment of certain methanogenic genera and enhanced metabolic pathways. Pilot-scale experiments confirm the technical effectiveness of the magnetic field assistance in enhancing anaerobic digestion of chicken manure.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Bo Chen, Ruiqing Ma, Yang Zhou, Rui Ma, Wentao Jiang, Fan Yang
Summary: This paper presents an advanced energy management strategy for fuel cell hybrid electric heavy-duty vehicles, focusing on speed planning and energy allocation. By utilizing predictive co-optimization control, this strategy ensures safe inter-vehicle distance and minimizes energy demand. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in reducing fuel cell degradation cost and overall operation cost.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Fabio Fatigati, Roberto Cipollone
Summary: Organic Rankine Cycle-based microcogeneration systems that use solar sources to generate electricity and hot water can help reduce CO2 emissions in residential energy-intensive sectors. The adoption of a recuperative heat exchanger in these systems improves efficiency, reduces thermal power requirements, and saves on electricity costs.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Lipeng He, Renwen Liu, Xuejin Liu, Xiaotian Zheng, Limin Zhang, Jieqiong Lin
Summary: This research proposes a piezoelectric-electromagnetic hybrid energy harvester (PEHEH) for low-frequency wave motion and self-sensing wave environment monitoring. The PEHEH shows promising power output and the ability to self-power and self-sense the wave environment.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Shangling Chu, Yang Liu, Zipeng Xu, Heng Zhang, Haiping Chen, Dan Gao
Summary: This paper studies a distributed energy system integrated with solar and natural gas, analyzes the impact of different parameters on its energy utilization and emissions reduction, and obtains the optimal solution through an optimization algorithm. The results show that compared to traditional separation production systems, this integrated system achieves higher energy utilization and greater reduction in carbon emissions.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Qingpu Li, Yaqi Ding, Guangming Chen, Yongmei Xuan, Neng Gao, Nian Li, Xinyue Hao
Summary: This paper proposes and studies a piston-type thermally-driven pump with a structure similar to a linear compressor, aiming to eliminate the high-quality energy consumption of existing pumps and replace mechanical pumps. The coupling mechanism of working fluid flow and element dimension is analyzed based on force analysis, and experimental data analysis is used to determine the pump operation stroke. Theoretical simulation is conducted to analyze the correlation mechanism of the piston assembly. The research shows that the thermally-driven pump can greatly reduce power consumption and has potential for industrial applications.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)