Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Hyoung Jun Lim, Geonwoo Kim, Gun Jin Yun
Summary: In this study, the chemo-mechanically coupled behavior of Nafion212 is investigated using multiphysics modeling and experimental validation. The degradation of perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) membrane, which plays a critical role in fuel cell performance and durability, is quantitatively estimated by measuring fluoride release. The nonlinear behavior of the PFSA membrane in tensile testing is modeled using J(2) plasticity-based material modeling, and the material parameters are characterized based on fluoride release levels. A pinhole growth model is adopted to investigate the life prediction of the membrane, and the validation is conducted by comparing it with the accelerated stress test (AST).
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Review
Engineering, Chemical
Alessandro d'Adamo, Maximilian Haslinger, Giuseppe Corda, Johannes Hoeflinger, Stefano Fontanesi, Thomas Lauer
Summary: The review article analyzes Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC) through presenting common approaches for multi-phase/multi-physics modeling and advanced diagnostic techniques, in order to advance the current technology in sustainable power generation through a unified framework of interrelated physical/chemical processes.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Chen Zhao, Fei Wang
Summary: In this paper, the effects of different stack structures and fan operating conditions on the multi-physical field distribution patterns inside an air-cooled proton exchange membrane fuel cell were compared. The results showed that the overall uniformity of the distribution of each physical field was better in the toroidal stack compared to the rectangular stack. Increasing the fan-to-air ratio improved the distribution of water and other physical fields, as well as the cell output. The findings of this study are important for the design and operation strategies of air-cooled stack structures.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Nalin Samarasinghe, Nicole Longtin, Sandun Fernando
Summary: This study demonstrates the feasibility of using a pure culture of Methylococcus capsulatus microbial fuel cell in a proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell in whole-cell and enzymatic modes. The impact of time and mediators on the microbial fuel cells (MFCs) was studied and a mathematical model was used to predict and explain the fuel cell's performance and details. The results showed that the fuel cell generated higher voltage and power density in the whole-cell mode compared to the enzymatic mode without an external mediator.
Article
Electrochemistry
Arturo Sanchez-Ramos, Jeff T. Gostick, Pablo A. Garcia-Salaberri
Summary: A model for the cathode catalyst layer was validated using experimental data, showing the impact of various factors on performance and oxygen transport resistance. The results indicate that the contributions of ionomer film and Pt/ionomer interface increase inversely with roughness factor, while the contributions of water film and water/ionomer interface increase with the ratio of geometric area to active ionomer surface area.
JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Eunji Kim, Seunghwan Song, Seoeun Choi, Jung Ock Park, Junghwan Kim, Kyungjung Kwon
Summary: The study compares MEA systems using different membranes, analyzes the evolution and impact of parameters, simulates optimal performance, and predicts MEA performance.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Santiago P. Fernandez Bordin, Heber E. Andrada, Alejo C. Carreras, Gustavo Castellano, Ralf Schweins, Gabriel J. Cuello, Claudia Mondelli, Victor M. Galvan Josa
Summary: Fuel cells play a strategic role in the global energy system, with a particular focus on eco-cars to reduce CO2 emissions. This study examines the characteristics of commercial polymeric proton exchange membranes using techniques such as small angle neutron scattering for optimization.
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Joanna M. Haan, Jan R. Ragadi, Katie Hohl, Lauren Hernandez, John L. Haan
Summary: This work presents the first abiotic, direct liquid fuel cells powered by xylose and glucose. The fuel cells demonstrate high maximum power density and can convert the sugar molecules to valuable products during electrochemical oxidation. The study also investigates the role of pH and fuel concentrations in the behavior of electrochemical oxidation in alkaline media.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Hongtao Wang, Shouyue Wang, Yanting Huang, Haodong Yang, Zhen Zhang
Summary: This study investigates the influence of sintering additive and calcining temperature on the structures, morphologies, and conductivities of Ho3+ and Sm3+ co-doped CeO2 and NiO doped CeO2 samples. The addition of NiO and higher sintering temperature significantly increases the conductivities of the ceramic sheets. A fuel cell with NiO-HSDC and 1450-HSDC-2NiO as the membrane exhibits good performance at high temperatures, showing high current densities and power densities. The stability of the fuel cell is relatively good within the testing range.
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zijun Hu, Song Lu, Fumin Tang, Daijun Yang, Cunman Zhang, Qiangfeng Xiao, Pingwen Ming
Summary: Anion exchange membrane-based direct ammonia fuel cells (AEM-DAFCs) have attracted attention due to the advantages of ammonia. However, high Pt loading in the anode limits their practical implementation. In this study, Ni4Cu1Cox (x = 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0)-BP catalysts were prepared and the best ammonia oxidation reaction (AOR) performance was achieved at x = 1.5. The AEM-DAFC based on Ni4Cu1Co1.5-BP anode showed the highest peak power density (PPD) among precious metal-free electrodes-based AEM-DAFCs, making it a promising candidate for anode catalyst in AEM-DAFCs.
APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jianan Wang, Bowen Wang, Chasen Tongsh, Tianwei Miao, Peng Cheng, Zixuan Wang, Qing Du, Kui Jiao
Summary: This paper introduces a self-humidification design by connecting PEM and AEM fuel cells in series, which improves performance by 39% under specific conditions. The effectiveness of self-humidification is demonstrated, and it is shown that increasing current density can enhance performance. Further improvement in self-humidification can be achieved by reducing AEM thickness.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Hang Wang, Jinghan Zhang, Xin Ning, Mingwei Tian, Yunze Long, Seeram Ramakrishna
Summary: The article discusses the importance of proton exchange membrane (PEM) in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) and the current research status of preparing nanofiber composite proton exchange membranes (NCPEMs) using nanocomposite technology. By introducing nanofibers, long-range proton transport channels can be formed and the skeleton can be reinforced to improve the performance of PEMFCs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Jian Wang, Wei Ding, Zidong Wei
Summary: Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are considered as an environmentally friendly alternative to internal combustion engines for the future due to their ability to generate electricity from hydrogen while emitting only water. However, the high cost and scarcity of platinum (Pt) sources have hindered the widespread adoption of fuel cells. To achieve the desired Pt utilization level and improve performance, further research is needed to address challenges such as limited catalytic activity in real fuel cell operations.
ACTA PHYSICO-CHIMICA SINICA
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Chao Yang, Ran Guo, Yu Wu, Baowei Pan, Jiatang Wang, Jinliang Yuan
Summary: In this study, a sub-micron scale graded nanoparticle system for YSZ and LSCM materials was modeled using a coarse-grained molecular dynamics method. It was found that the two-step sintering process is more suitable for preparing graded porous structures with a higher triple-phase boundary length and can avoid excessive densification and mechanical faults. A temperature of 900-950°C in the second-step sintering can form a gradient porous LSCM/YSZ layer with a higher triple-phase boundary length. A mass fraction of YSZ > 0.6 in the first-step sintering may cause excessive densification of the skeleton and suppress the gradient pores and triple-phase boundary formed in the second-step sintering.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Weibo Zheng, Liangfei Xu, Zunyan Hu, Yujie Ding, Jianqiu Li, Minggao Ouyang
Summary: This study proposes a numerical method to simulate the formation of pinholes in polymer electrolyte fuel cells, which enhances the accuracy of the chemical degradation model in predicting macroscopic properties. It systemically investigates the effects of temperature, pressure, and relative humidity on chemical degradation, showing that degradation rate increases with elevated temperatures and pressures, and is more severe at moderate relative humidity.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Abderrezzaq Ziane, Rachid Dabou, Ammar Necaibia, Nordine Sahouane, Mohammed Mostefaoui, Ahmed Bouraiou, Seyfallah Khelifi, Abdelkrim Rouabhia, Mohamed Blal
Summary: This study utilized tree-based ensemble methods such as random forest and boosted decision tree to predict the module temperature of a grid-tied photovoltaic system, with hyper-tuning done to optimize model parameters. Results showed that the tree-based ensemble methods maintained high accuracy during testing, outperforming classical methods, especially artificial neural networks.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GREEN ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Abderrezzaq Ziane, Ammar Necaibia, Nordine Sahouane, Rachid Dabou, Mohammed Mostefaoui, Ahmed Bouraiou, Seyfallah Khelifi, Abdelkrim Rouabhia, Mohamed Blal
Summary: Meteorological variables have a significant impact on the performance of grid-connected photovoltaic stations in desert areas. The study found clear interdependence and correlations between performance parameters and meteorological variables. A forecasting model using random forest method and preprocessing techniques showed promising results in predicting power production based on meteorological inputs, with evaluation based on computation time, accuracy, and statistical indicators.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Abdelkader Hadidi, Mohamed Blal, Djamel Saba
Summary: The study focuses on evaluating the impact of various types of PV cells in the Adrar environment on meteorological variables. The research indicates that polycrystalline silicon cells are more affected by temperature.
ENERGY SYSTEMS-OPTIMIZATION MODELING SIMULATION AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ahmed Bouraiou, Amina Bekraoui, Ammar Necaibia, Abdelkrim Rouabhia, Nadir Boutasseta, Seyfallah Khelifi, Sanjeevikumar Padmanaban, Baseem Khan, Mohammed Salah Bouakkaz, Issam Attoui, Rachid Dabou
Summary: This paper analyzes the defects of photovoltaic modules in a solar pumping system exposed to harsh climate conditions. The most common defects found through visual inspection include EVA discoloration and metallization corrosion, followed by front side delamination and bubbles, with cracking in solar cells being less frequent.
Article
Physics, Condensed Matter
Seyf Allah Khelifi, Mohamed Blal, Rachid Dabou, Abderrezzaq Ziane, Abdelkrim Rouabhia, Salah Lachtar, Mohammed Mostefaoui, Ammar Necaibia, Ahmed Bouraiou, Abdeldjalil Slimani, Boudjemaa Tidjar
Summary: The effects of intermediate bands on ZnTe(O) solar cells with oxygen defects were investigated. It was found that a higher concentration of oxygen doping can lead to a favorable influence on the conversion efficiency. By incorporating multiple intermediate band energy levels, the performance of the solar cells can be significantly improved.
PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Nordine Sahouane, Abderrezzaq Ziane, Rachid Dabou, Ammar Necaibia, Abdelkrim Rouabhia, Salah Lachtar, Mohammed Blal, Abdeldjalil Slimani, Tidjar Boudjamaa
Summary: Experimental studies were conducted to investigate the impact of sand and dust on the electrical performance of photovoltaic modules in the Adrar region. A comparison between two identical photovoltaic systems revealed that sand and dust accumulation significantly affect the electrical performance. The results showed that cleaning after sandstorms and regular cleaning every 20 days can reduce energy losses.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mohammed Younes, Nabil Kahoul, Djamel Labed, Ammar Necaibia, Hocine Cheghib, Belhadj Chekal Affari, Zoubida Kherici
Summary: This paper analyzes the negative impact of desert climate on the performance degradation of PV panels and the accelerated degradation mechanism, using Algeria's desert as a case study. High solar irradiation and ambient temperature are identified as the main factors causing discoloration and damage to the EVA encapsulant material. The declared lifetime of PV panels in Algeria's desert climates is too optimistic.
SCIENTIFIC AFRICAN
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Belhadj Chekal Affari, Nabil Kahoul, Abdeslam Haouam, Hocine Cheghib, Ammar Necaibia, Mohammed Younes, Zoubida Kherici
Summary: Most studies focus on analyzing the performance degradation of solar cells or categorizing PV failure modes related to climate and cell technology. However, the impact of degradation modules on the output power of PV arrays is still unclear and has not been reported. This study aims to understand the mismatch effect on the output of aged panels in PV arrays. Measurements of photovoltaic current-voltage characteristics were conducted on 10 individual modules in a research unit. The results show a direct relation between physical degradation and output power drop, suggesting the importance of considering mismatch losses in aged PV modules.
MICROELECTRONICS RELIABILITY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Lachtar Salah, Bourbia Wafa, Necaibia Ammar, Bouraiou Ahmed, Ziane Abderrezzaq
Summary: The presence of an MPPT algorithm is essential for driving a PV system to operate at its maximum power point. This paper introduces a robust MPPT technique using a double integral sliding mode controller to improve response time and reduce chattering phenomenon.
UNIVERSITY POLITEHNICA OF BUCHAREST SCIENTIFIC BULLETIN SERIES C-ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING AND COMPUTER SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Salem Chabachi, Ammar Necaibia, Othmane Abdelkhalek, Ahmed Bouraiou, Abderrezzaq Ziane, Messaoud Hamouda
Summary: The main purpose of this study is to examine the experimental and simulation performance of a 6 MWp grid-connected photovoltaic power plant during a specific period. The findings show that the actual data from the photovoltaic plant production closely matches the expected data collected using the PVSyst software. The study also reveals that a desert climate may demonstrate to be slightly favorable for the performance of the photovoltaic system, and environmental parameters have a significant effect on both energy generation performance and system losses.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Yong Cheng, Fukai Song, Lei Fu, Saishuai Dai, Zhiming Yuan, Atilla Incecik
Summary: This paper investigates the accessibility of wave energy absorption by a dual-pontoon floating breakwater integrated with hybrid-type wave energy converters (WECs) and proposes a hydraulic-pneumatic complementary energy extraction method. The performance of the system is validated through experiments and comparative analysis.
Article
Thermodynamics
Jing Gao, Chao Wang, Zhanwu Wang, Jin Lin, Runkai Zhang, Xin Wu, Guangyin Xu, Zhenfeng Wang
Summary: This study aims to establish a new integrated method for biomass cogeneration project site selection, with a focus on the application of the model in Henan Province. By integrating Geographic Information System and Multiple Criterion Decision Making methods, the study conducts site selection in two stages, providing a theoretical reference for the construction of biomass cogeneration projects.
Article
Thermodynamics
Mert Temiz, Ibrahim Dincer
Summary: The current study presents a hybrid small modular nuclear reactor and solar-based system for sustainable communities, integrating floating and bifacial photovoltaic arrays with a small modular reactor. The system efficiently generates power, hydrogen, ammonia, freshwater, and heat for residential, agricultural, and aquaculture facilities. Thermodynamic analysis shows high energy and exergy efficiencies, as well as large-scale ammonia production meeting the needs of metropolitan areas. The hybridization of nuclear and solar technologies offers advantages of reliability, environmental friendliness, and cost efficiency compared to renewable-alone and fossil-based systems.
Editorial Material
Thermodynamics
Wojciech Stanek, Wojciech Adamczyk
Article
Thermodynamics
Desheng Xu, Yanfeng Li, Tianmei Du, Hua Zhong, Youbo Huang, Lei Li, Xiangling Duanmu
Summary: This study investigates the optimization of hybrid mechanical-natural ventilation for smoke control in complex metro stations. The results show that atrium fires are more significantly impacted by outdoor temperature variations compared to concourse/platform fires. The gathered high-temperature smoke inside the atrium can reach up to 900 K under a 5 MW train fire energy release. The findings provide crucial engineering insights into integrating weather data and adaptable ventilation protocols for smoke prevention/mitigation.
Article
Thermodynamics
Da Guo, Heping Xie, Mingzhong Gao, Jianan Li, Zhiqiang He, Ling Chen, Cong Li, Le Zhao, Dingming Wang, Yiwei Zhang, Xin Fang, Guikang Liu, Zhongya Zhou, Lin Dai
Summary: This study proposes a new in-situ pressure-preserved coring tool and elaborates its pressure-preserving mechanism. The experimental and field test results demonstrate that this tool has a high pressure-preservation capability and can maintain a stable pressure in deep wells. This study provides a theoretical framework and design standards for the development of similar technologies.
Article
Thermodynamics
Aolin Lai, Qunwei Wang
Summary: This study assesses the impact of China's de-capacity policy on renewable energy development efficiency (REDE) using the Global-MSBM model and the difference-in-differences method. The findings indicate that the policy significantly enhances REDE, promoting technological advancements and marketization. Moreover, regions with stricter environmental regulations experience a higher impact.
Article
Thermodynamics
Mostafa Ghasemi, Hegazy Rezk
Summary: This study utilizes fuzzy modeling and optimization to enhance the performance of microbial fuel cells (MFCs). By simulating and analyzing experimental data sets, the ideal parameter values for increasing power density, COD elimination, and coulombic efficiency were determined. The results demonstrate that the fuzzy model and optimization methods can significantly improve the performance of MFCs.
Article
Thermodynamics
Zhang Ruan, Lianzhong Huang, Kai Wang, Ranqi Ma, Zhongyi Wang, Rui Zhang, Haoyang Zhao, Cong Wang
Summary: This paper proposes a grey box model for fuel consumption prediction of wing-diesel hybrid vessels based on feature construction. By using both parallel and series grey box modeling methods and six machine learning algorithms, twelve combinations of prediction models are established. A feature construction method based on the aerodynamic performance of the wing and the energy relationship of the hybrid system is introduced. The best combination is obtained by considering the root mean square error, and it shows improved accuracy compared to the white box model. The proposed grey box model can accurately predict the daily fuel consumption of wing-diesel hybrid vessels, contributing to operational optimization and the greenization and decarbonization of the shipping industry.
Article
Thermodynamics
Huayi Chang, Nico Heerink, Junbiao Zhang, Ke He
Summary: This study examines the interaction between off-farm employment decisions between couples and household clean energy consumption in rural China, and finds that two-paycheck households are more likely to consume clean energy. The off-farm employment of women is a key factor driving household clean energy consumption to a higher level, with wage-employed wives having a stronger influence on these decisions than self-employed ones.
Article
Thermodynamics
Hanguan Wen, Xiufeng Liu, Ming Yang, Bo Lei, Xu Cheng, Zhe Chen
Summary: Demand-side management is crucial to smart energy systems. This paper proposes a data-driven approach to understand the relationship between energy consumption patterns and household characteristics for better DSM services. The proposed method uses a clustering algorithm to generate optimal customer groups for DSM and a deep learning model for training. The model can predict the possibility of DSM membership for a given household. The results demonstrate the usefulness of weekly energy consumption data and household socio-demographic information for distinguishing consumer groups and the potential for targeted DSM strategies.
Article
Thermodynamics
Xinglan Hou, Xiuping Zhong, Shuaishuai Nie, Yafei Wang, Guigang Tu, Yingrui Ma, Kunyan Liu, Chen Chen
Summary: This study explores the feasibility of utilizing a multi-level horizontal branch well heat recovery system in the Qiabuqia geothermal field. The research systematically investigates the effects of various engineering parameters on production temperature, establishes mathematical models to describe their relationships, and evaluates the economic viability of the system. The findings demonstrate the significant economic feasibility of the multi-level branch well system.
Article
Thermodynamics
Longxin Zhang, Songtao Wang, Site Hu
Summary: This investigation reveals the influence of tip leakage flow on the modern transonic rotor and finds that the increase of tip clearance size leads to a decline in rotor performance. However, an optimal tip clearance size can extend the rotor's stall margin.
Article
Thermodynamics
Kristian Gjoka, Behzad Rismanchi, Robert H. Crawford
Summary: This paper proposes a framework for assessing the performance of 5GDHC systems and demonstrates it through a case study in a university campus in Melbourne, Australia. The results show that 5GDHC systems are a cost-effective and environmentally viable solution in mild climates, and their successful implementation in Australia can create new market opportunities and potential adoption in other countries with similar climatic conditions.
Article
Thermodynamics
Jianwei Li, Guotai Wang, Panpan Yang, Yongshuang Wen, Leian Zhang, Rujun Song, Chengwei Hou
Summary: This study proposes an orientation-adaptive electromagnetic energy harvester by introducing a rotatable bluff body, which allows for self-regulation to cater for changing wind flow direction. Experimental results show that the output power of the energy harvester can be greatly enhanced with increased rotatory inertia of the rotating bluff body, providing a promising solution for harnessing wind-induced vibration energy.
