Article
Critical Care Medicine
David G. G. Greenhalgh, Tajia L. L. Green, Debora Lim, Kiho Cho
Summary: Bacterial components can initiate compensatory anti-inflammatory responses by inducing the expression of human glucocorticoid receptors (hGR), which downregulate the inflammatory response.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kuo-Hsuan Chang, Chia-Hsin Liu, Yi-Ru Wang, Yen-Shi Lo, Chun-Wei Chang, Hsiu-Chuan Wu, Chiung-Mei Chen
Summary: This study measured the expression levels of 52 genes related to oxidative stress and inflammation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. It found that four genes were upregulated in PD patients, and this upregulation was validated in a second cohort. The expression levels of APAF1 and CSF1R were correlated with clinical scores.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Junghwan Lee, Chang-Hwa Song
Summary: Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in innate immunity against pathogens, with ROS directly attacking pathogens, regulating immune signals, inducing autophagy, and activating inflammation. The production of ROS by pathogens not only affects cell death but also the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. The regulation of host defense mechanisms by ROS and the interaction between microbial pathogen-induced ROS and the ER and mitochondria remain unclear.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
F. Canet, P. Diaz-Pozo, C. Luna-Marco, M. Fernandez-Reyes, T. Vezza, M. Marti, J. D. Salazar, I Roldan, C. Morillas, S. Rovira-Llopis, M. Rocha, V. M. Victor
Summary: This study evaluated the bioenergetic and redox state of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from type 1 diabetes (T1D) patients and found impaired mitochondrial function, oxidative stress, and abnormal autophagy in leukocytes. These mechanisms contribute to an increased risk of atherosclerosis by augmenting leukocyte-endothelial interactions.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Patricia Ruiz-Limon, Maria L. Ladehesa-Pineda, Clementina Lopez-Medina, Chary Lopez-Pedrera, Maria C. Abalos-Aguilera, Nuria Barbarroja, Isabel Arias-Quiros, Carlos Perez-Sanchez, Ivan Arias-de La Rosa, Rafaela Ortega-Castro, Alejandro Escudero-Contreras, Eduardo Collantes-Estevez, Yolanda Jimenez-Gomez
Summary: The study found that PBMCs from r-axSpA patients exhibited a pro-oxidative, proinflammatory, and proatherogenic phenotype, especially in lymphocytes. Compared to healthy donors, PBMCs from r-axSpA patients can cause endothelial injury.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Margalida Monserrat-Mesquida, Magdalena Quetglas-Llabres, Cristina Bouzas, Xavier Capo, David Mateos, Lucia Ugarriza, Josep A. Tur, Antoni Sureda
Summary: The study found that inflammatory biomarkers increased in the plasma and PBMCs of obese patients, while antioxidant enzyme activities also increased with BMI, providing useful biomarkers for monitoring the progression and reversal of obesity.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Abrar Alfatni, Anne-Laure Charles, Francois Sauer, Marianne Riou, Fabienne Goupilleau, Samy Talha, Alain Meyer, Emmanuel Andres, Michel Kindo, Jean-Philippe Mazzucotelli, Eric Epailly, Bernard Geny
Summary: The mitochondrial function of circulating peripheral blood mononuclear cells in heart-transplanted patients appears to be modified, potentially linked to cellular shift, mild diastolic dysfunction, and/or acute rejection.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Pamela Carvalho Da Rosa, Judit Borras Bertomeu, Luis Fernando Freire Royes, Raul Osiecki
Summary: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are specialized immune cells produced in the bone marrow that protect the body from pathogens and can serve as a sentinel tissue source for monitoring physiological changes. Physical exercise has been shown to influence the metabolic state and immune system through its interactions with PBMCs. However, the specific metabolic processes and biomarkers related to exercise-induced changes in PBMCs are not fully understood. This review aims to summarize the current literature on the inflammatory and oxidative stress responses of PBMCs to physical exercise and highlights their potential for assessing exercise-induced metabolic adaptations.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ildete L. Ferreira, Solange Costa, Bruno J. Moraes, Ana Costa, Olga Fokt, Daniela Marinho, Vera Alves, Isabel P. Baptista, A. Cristina Rego
Summary: Periodontitis (PDT) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) have a bidirectional relationship and are associated with imbalanced oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. This study investigated the mitochondrial and redox (de)regulation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of T2D-PDT, PDT, T2D patients, and control individuals. The results showed that PBMCs from T2D-PDT patients exhibited significant redox changes, while PBMCs from PDT patients showed mitochondrial deregulation and reduced expression of Nrf2-target genes.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Sirawit Sriwichaiin, Nattayaporn Apaijai, Arintaya Phrommintikul, Thidarat Jaiwongkam, Sasiwan Kerdphoo, Wasana Pratchayasakul, Nisakron Thongmung, Usanee Mahantassanapong, Prin Vathesatogkit, Chagriya Kitiyakara, Piyamitr Sritara, Nipon Chattipakorn, Siriporn C. Chattipakorn
Summary: Mitochondrial dysfunction is potentially associated with aging, although there is limited evidence regarding the relationship between mitochondrial function and aging. In this study, mitochondrial function was found to decline with age, with several parameters related to mitochondrial respiration significantly lower in older adults. However, mitochondrial ATP production and mitochondrial coupling efficiency were slightly increased in older adults. Additionally, mitochondrial mass and oxidative stress were significantly reduced in older individuals.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Caleb A. Lareau, Sonia M. Dubois, Frank A. Buquicchio, Yu-Hsin Hsieh, Kopal Garg, Pauline Kautz, Lena Nitsch, Samantha D. Praktiknjo, Patrick Maschmeyer, Jeffrey M. Verboon, Jacob C. Gutierrez, Yajie Yin, Evgenij Fiskin, Wendy Luo, Eleni P. Mimitou, Christoph Muus, Rhea Malhotra, Sumit Parikh, Mark D. Fleming, Lena Oevermann, Johannes Schulte, Cornelia Eckert, Anshul Kundaje, Peter Smibert, Santosha A. Vardhana, Ansuman T. Satpathy, Aviv Regev, Vijay G. Sankaran, Suneet Agarwal, Leif S. Ludwig
Summary: This study establishes a multi-omics approach to quantify deletions in mtDNA in single cells and reveals the dynamics of pathogenic mtDNA deletion heteroplasmy consistent with purifying selection and distinct metabolic vulnerabilities across T-cell states.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Francois Sauer, Marianne Riou, Anne-Laure Charles, Alain Meyer, Emmanuel Andres, Bernard Geny, Samy Talha
Summary: Heart failure is a leading cause of hospitalization in patients aged over 65 and is associated with high mortality rates. Recent studies have focused on the mitochondrial respiration of peripheral blood circulating cells (PBMCs) in order to better understand the physiopathology of HF. These studies suggest that cardiovascular metabolic risk factors and cellular switch may contribute to decreased PBMC mitochondrial respiration, which is associated with HF severity. Further research is needed to investigate the potential diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic utility of monitoring PBMC mitochondrial function and mitoDAMPs in HF patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Mariko Naito, B. Ross Belvin, Mikio Shoji, Qin Gui, Janina P. Lewis
Summary: The study reported the first mutant in the P. intermedia OMA14 strain, which is severely impaired in its ability to grow with host cells and oxidative stress. Transcriptome analysis revealed that the major deregulated genes are involved in the alkylhydroperoxide reductase system and other related proteins.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ninoslav Djelic, Suncica Borozan, Vesna Dimitrijevic-Sreckovic, Nevena Pajovic, Milorad Mirilovic, Helga Stopper, Zoran Stanimirovic
Summary: This study investigated the impact of triiodothyronine (T-3) on DNA damage and oxidative stress in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) at different stages of diabetes. The results showed that prediabetic and diabetic patients were more sensitive to T-3, exhibiting elevated DNA damage, inhibition of catalase, and increased levels of TBARS and LDH. Obese patients showed similar responses except for DNA damage.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Bruno C. Menarim, Hossam El-Sheikh Ali, Shavahn C. Loux, Kirsten E. Scoggin, Theodore S. Kalbfleisch, James N. MacLeod, Linda A. Dahlgren
Summary: BMNC-mediated resolution of osteoarthritis involves early pro-inflammatory response and sustained expression of resolution-related gene networks, enhancing mitochondrial metabolism and deactivating NF-kappa B signaling. The mechanisms involve synthesis of lipids to mediate recovery of homeostasis, highlighting the intricate balance of inflammation mechanisms required for resolution.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Majid Afshar, Kenneth Baker, Josefine Corral, Erin Ross, Erin Lowery, Richard Gonzalez, Ellen L. Burnham, Rachael A. Callcut, Lucy Z. Kornblith, Carolyn Hendrickson, Elizabeth J. Kovacs, Cara Joyce
Summary: This study aimed to examine biomarkers for screening unhealthy alcohol use in the trauma setting. It found that PEth alone was the best biomarker, performing better than existing screening systems with blood alcohol concentration (BAC).
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Gretchen L. Sacha, Tyree H. Kiser, Garth C. Wright, R. William Vandivier, Marc Moss, Ellen L. Burnham, P. Michael Ho, Paul M. Reynolds, Seth R. Bauer
Summary: This study aimed to examine the impact of the rebranding of vasopressin on its utilization in patients with severe sepsis or septic shock. The results showed that the utilization of vasopressin continued to increase quarterly after the rebranding, despite a significant increase in its cost. This suggests that patients with septic shock have an inelastic demand for vasopressin.
CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Kiran Dyamenahalli, Kevin Choy, Daniel N. Frank, Kevin Najarro, Devin Boe, Kathryn L. Colborn, Juan-Pablo Idrovo, Anne L. Wagner, Arek J. Wiktor, Majid Afshar, Ellen L. Burnham, Rachel H. McMahan, Elizabeth J. Kovacs
Summary: Clinical studies have shown that age 50 years or older is an independent risk factor for poor prognosis after burn injury. Changes in the intestinal microbiome may contribute to the heightened systemic response seen in aging burn patients. This study found significant differences in the fecal microbiome between older burn patients and those with larger burn areas, which may be associated with immune system dysregulation and worsened clinical outcomes.
JOURNAL OF BURN CARE & RESEARCH
(2022)
Letter
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Carolyn S. Calfee, Kathleen D. Liu, Adam L. Asare, Jeremy R. Beitler, Paul A. Berger, Melissa H. Coleman, Alessio Crippa, Andrea Discacciati, Martin Eklund, Daniel C. Files, Sheetal Gandotra, Kevin W. Gibbs, Paul Henderson, Joseph E. Levitt, Ruixiao Lu, Michael A. Matthay, Nuala J. Meyer, Derek W. Russell, Karl W. Thomas, Laura J. Esserman, Aaron M. Mittel, Amy L. Dzierba, Purnema Madahar, Alexis L. Serra, Amanda Rosen, Ivan Garcia, Justin Muir, John Schicchi, Anita Darmanian, Romina Wahab, Katarzyna Gosek, Sara C. Auld, Max W. Adelman, Katherine L. Nugent, Gavin H. Harris, Christina Creel-Bulos, Philip Yang, Joshua F. Detelich, Christine Spainhour, Nathan K. Cobb, Rajiv Sonti, Lindsey A. Orr, Philip A. Robinson, Farjad Sarafian, Esmeralda Martinez, Patrice Jones, Julie Nguyen, Timothy F. Obermiller, Bethany Weiler-Lisowski, Lucia Kufa, Paul L. Saba, Jaime Wyatt, Fady A. Youssef, Maged Tanios, Daniel Blevins, Laura R. Macias, Alexis E. Suarez, Maria B. Reyes, Michelle Jung, Marylee Melendrez, Lissette Rosario-Remigio, Henry Su, Eliot B. Friedman, Christina M. Angelucci, Fredy Chaparro-Rojas, Mitchell P. Sternlieb, Jacqueline B. Sutter, Spencer Whealon, Rahul Nair, Brenda Lopez, Omowunmi Amosu, Hiwet Tzehaie, Richard G. Wunderink, Chirag Patel, Austin Simonson, Jamal Dodin, Tony Oliver, Roxana A. Lupu, Michelle Meyers, Timothy E. Albertson, Angela Haczku, Erin Hardy, Brian M. Morrissey, Maya M. Juarez, Skyler J. Pearson, Richard Anthony Lee, Alpesh N. Amin, Alejandra Jauregui, Scott Fields, Diana Ng, Brian M. Daniel, Kimberly Yee, Chayse Jones, Ellen L. Burnham, Jeffrey D. McKeehan, Caroline A. G. Ittner, John P. Reilly, Nilam S. Mangalmurti, Laura G. Rodrigues, Ariel R. Weisman, Kashif T. Khan, Se Fum Wong, Albert F. Yen, Gregory Peterfreund, Santhi I. Kumar, Peter S. Marshall, Luis E. Huerta, Brett Lindgren, Jerry S. Lee, Anna D. Barker, Julie E. Lang, Mary LaRose, Leigha Landreth, Lisa Parks, Harsh V. Barot, Jonathan L. Koff, John Kazianis, Lindsie L. Boerger
Article
Substance Abuse
Kristina L. Bailey, Harlan Sayles, James Campbell, Neha Khalid, Madyson Anglim, Jana Ponce, Todd A. Wyatt, James C. McClay, Ellen L. Burnham, Alfred Anzalone, Corrine Hanson
Summary: This study reveals that alcohol use disorder (AUD) may increase the severity and mortality of COVID-19 infection. This emphasizes the importance for clinicians to obtain accurate alcohol history from patients hospitalized with COVID-19.
ALCOHOL-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Caroline M. Hsu, Shruti Gupta, Hocine Tighiouart, Nitender Goyal, Anthony J. Faugno, Asma Tariq, Ritesh Raichoudhury, Jill H. Sharma, Leah Meyer, Ravi K. Kshirsagar, Aju Jose, David E. Leaf, Daniel E. Weiner
Summary: This study examined the clinical factors that determine kidney recovery in critically ill patients with COVID-19. The results showed that lower baseline eGFR and reduced urine output at the time of kidney replacement therapy initiation are strongly associated with kidney nonrecovery.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eunjoo Kim, Susan K. Mathai, Ian T. Stancil, Xiaoqian Ma, Ashley Hernandez-Gutierrez, Jessica N. Becerra, Emilette Marrero-Torres, Corinne E. Hennessy, Kristina Hatakka, Eric P. Wartchow, Alani Estrella, Jonathan P. Huber, Jonathan H. Cardwell, Ellen L. Burnham, Yingze Zhang, Christopher M. Evans, Eszter K. Vladar, David A. Schwartz, Evgenia Dobrinskikh, Ivana Yang
Summary: This study demonstrates the association of increased expression of MUC5B and cilia genes in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and shows that modulating cilium gene expression in Krt5 cell progenitors may be a potential therapeutic target for IPF.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Kantha Medepalli, Stefanie Purdon, Rebecca M. Bade, M. K. Glassberg, Ellen L. Burnham, Hayley B. Gershengorn
Summary: Women are underrepresented in leadership positions in academic internal medicine, and having women leaders is not independently associated with having more women trainees.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Daniel Clark Files, Michael A. Matthay, Carolyn S. Calfee, Neil R. Aggarwal, Adam L. Asare, Jeremy R. Beitler, Paul A. Berger, Ellen L. Burnham, George Cimino, Melissa H. Coleman, Alessio Crippa, Andrea Discacciati, Sheetal Gandotra, Kevin W. Gibbs, Paul T. Henderson, Caroline A. G. Ittner, Alejandra Jauregui, Kashif T. Khan, Jonathan L. Koff, Julie Lang, Mary LaRose, Joe Levitt, Ruixiao Lu, Jeffrey D. McKeehan, Nuala J. Meyer, Derek W. Russell, Karl W. Thomas, Martin Eklund, Laura J. Esserman, Kathleen D. Liu
Summary: The ISPY COVID-19 trial is a multicenter open-label phase 2 platform trial designed to evaluate therapeutics for severe COVID-19. The trial uses a Bayesian model to efficiently discard ineffective therapies and graduate promising agents for further efficacy trials. As of December 2021, 11 investigational agent arms had been activated, and 8 arms were complete.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Jonathan K. Zakrajsek, Sung -Joon Min, P. Michael Ho, Tyree H. Kiser, Arun Kannappan, Peter D. Sottile, Richard R. Allen, Meghan D. Althoff, Paul M. Reynolds, Marc Moss, Ellen L. Burnham, Mark E. Mikkelsen, R. William Vandivier
Summary: This retrospective cohort study analyzed 13,714 patients with asthma exacerbations and respiratory failure, including 127 treated with ECMO and 13,587 without ECMO. The results showed that ECMO treatment was associated with lower mortality but higher hospital costs compared to standard care. These findings suggest that ECMO may be an important salvage therapy for refractory asthma exacerbations with respiratory failure.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Karen E. A. Burns, Marc Moss, Edmund Lorens, Elizabeth Karin Ann Jose, Claudio M. Martin, Elizabeth M. Viglianti, Alison Fox-Robichaud, Kusum S. Mathews, Kathleen Akgun, Snigdha Jain, Hayley Gershengorn, Sangeeta Mehta, Jenny E. Han, Gregory S. Martin, Janice M. Liebler, Renee D. Stapleton, Polina Trachuk, Kelly C. Vranas, Abigail Chua, Margaret S. Herridge, Jennifer L. Y. Tsang, Michelle Biehl, Ellen L. Burnham, Jen-Ting Chen, Engi F. Attia, Amira Mohamed, Michelle S. Harkins, Sheryll M. Soriano, Aline Maddux, Julia C. West, Andrew R. Badke, Sean M. Bagshaw, Alexandra Binnie, W. Graham Carlos, Basak Coruh, Kristina Crothers, Frederick D'Aragon, Joshua Lee Denson, John W. Drover, Gregg Eschun, Anna Geagea, Donald Griesdale, Rachel Hadler, Jennifer Hancock, Jovan Hasmatali, Bhavika Kaul, Meeta Prasad Kerlin, Rachel Kohn, D. James Kutsogiannis, Scott M. Matson, Peter E. Morris, Bojan Paunovic, Ithan D. Peltan, Dominique Piquette, Mina Pirzadeh, Krishna Pulchan, Lynn M. Schnapp, Curtis N. Sessler, Heather Smith, Eric Sy, Subarna Thirugnanam, Rachel K. McDonald, Katie A. McPherson, Monica Kraft, Michelle Spiegel, Peter M. Dodek
Summary: This study examined physician moral distress, burnout, and professional fulfilment during the COVID-19 pandemic and identified important factors related to physician wellness. Despite widespread moral distress and burnout among physicians during the pandemic, professional fulfilment remained moderate. However, one in five physicians used maladaptive coping strategies.
CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Substance Abuse
Kevin Choy, Kiran U. Dyamenahalli, Shanawaj Khair, Kathryn L. Colborn, Arek J. Wiktor, Juan -Pablo Idrovo, Rachel H. McMahan, Ellen L. Burnham, Elizabeth J. Kovacs
Summary: Burn-injured patients with alcohol use disorder have higher morbidity and mortality rates compared to alcohol-abstaining individuals due to alcohol-induced dysregulation of the systemic inflammatory response, leading to worsened clinical outcomes. The study examined the effects of alcohol on inflammatory markers after burn injury and found that patients who misuse alcohol have aberrant inflammatory responses, which may result in immune dysregulation and worse clinical outcomes.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
D. Clark Files
Summary: An adaptive platform design was used to rapidly evaluate potential therapeutics for severe COVID-19. The study included hospitalized patients with severe COVID-19 and compared the outcomes of different treatment regimens. The results showed that none of the evaluated agents met the pre-specified efficacy criteria.
Article
Respiratory System
Paul M. Reynolds, Majid Afshar, Garth C. Wright, P. Michael Ho, Tyree H. Kiser, Peter D. Sottile, Meghan D. Althoff, Marc Moss, Sarah E. Jolley, R. William Vandivier, Ellen L. Burnham
Summary: In patients with pneumonia requiring ICU admission, alcohol and stimulant misuse are associated with increased mortality, while other substance misuse does not have a significant impact on mortality.
ANNALS OF THE AMERICAN THORACIC SOCIETY
(2023)
Letter
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cuining Liu, Jeanette Gaydos, Rebecca Johnson-Paben, Katerina Kechris, Ellen L. Burnham, Sunita Sharma
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2022)