Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Darya Vodolazska, Mette S. Hedemann, Charlotte Lauridsen
Summary: New strategies involving liquid nutritional supplement during suckling period and/or increased weaning age are proposed to enhance the gut health and nutritional status of piglets before weaning. Additionally, high colostrum intake within 24 hours after birth is found to be beneficial for piglets' growth and robustness. The combination of these nutritional interventions and increased weaning age improves the nutritional status and gut development of piglets.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Laura C. C. Hanson, Natalie Meeks, Janet Guo, Tena R. M. Alonzo, Karen M. M. Mitchell, Maribeth Gallagher, Mark Toles, Brianna Harder, Sheryl Zimmerman
Summary: This study developed Comfort First, a web-based training toolkit that uses video demonstrations to support the dissemination of comfort-focused dementia care skills in nursing homes. The initial evaluation showed high acceptability and knowledge uptake among trained staff.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
D. Vodolazska, T. Feyera, L. Foldager, C. Lauridsen
Summary: There is a need for alternative strategies for the treatment of diarrhoea in piglets during the post-weaning period. The provision of a liquid nutritional supplement and an increased weaning age have been found to improve growth performance and intestinal functionality in piglets during the suckling and post-weaning period.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Inaki Etaio, Leire Bravo-Lamas, Francisco Jose Perez-Elortondo, Luis Javier R. Barron, Noelia Aldai
Summary: This study developed a method to evaluate the sensory characteristics of lamb meat and investigated the sensory differences between suckling lamb meat and non-suckling lamb meat. The results showed that suckling lamb meat was tenderer and juicier, with lower fibrousness, chewiness, and residue compared to non-suckling lamb meat. Some sensory characteristics also varied according to the season.
FOOD SCIENCE & NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Elisa A. Arnaud, Gillian E. Gardiner, Peadar G. Lawlor
Summary: Weaning is the separation of piglets from sows, usually occurring at 3 to 5 weeks of age. After weaning, piglets face various challenges, resulting in reduced feed intake, poor growth, and diarrhea. There are multiple interventions that can be used during the suckling period to ease the weaning transition for piglets, including supervised farrowing, pain relief for sows, nurse sows, cross-fostering, energy supplements/feed additives, and creep feeding.
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Gianni Battacone, Mondina Francesca Lunesu, Salvatore Pier Giacomo Rassu, Giuseppe Pulina, Anna Nudda
Summary: Suckling lamb meat quality is mainly influenced by the composition of maternal milk, which in turn is affected by the mother's feeding. Ewe milk composition is influenced by pasture quantity and type. In traditional Mediterranean sheep breeding systems, lambs start suckling when maternal milk has the highest concentrations of beneficial fatty acids.
Article
Agronomy
Udani A. Wijesiriwardana, Kate J. Plush, Sally Tritton, John R. Pluske, Jeremy J. Cottrell, Frank R. Dunshea
Summary: Feeding fiber and BCAA to sows during late gestation and lactation can improve litter weights at weaning. Supplementing primiparous sow diets with lucerne chaff may benefit their progeny performance, especially in terms of D21 weights. Additionally, the SIMLUC diet showed more effectiveness in improving the performance of primiparous sows compared to the control diet.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sujuan Ding, Yating Cheng, Md. Abul Kalam Azad, Qian Zhu, Pan Huang, Xiangfeng Kong
Summary: There are differences in immune development among different pig breeds, as shown by variations in immune indicators in plasma and ileum. Taoyuan black and Xiangcun black piglets demonstrate stronger resistance to weaning stress compared to Duroc piglets.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Kiyonori Kawasaki, Junliang Zhao, Natsu Takao, Masaki Sato, Takuma Ban, Kaoru Tamamaki, Masanori Kagami, Kiminobu Yano
Summary: The study investigated the effects of substituting conventional protein sources with black soldier fly (BSF) meal in sow and piglet diets. The results showed that the use of BSF meal did not affect sow reproductive performance and had no notable disparities in piglet growth. However, the feed conversion ratio was lower in the BSF-fed groups, indicating the need for optimization of the animal protein-BSF substitution rate. Minor variations in blood composition and properties were observed in piglets, potentially due to the unique fatty acid composition of BSF meal. This study opens up possibilities for further exploration of the efficacy of complete animal protein substitution with BSF meals in piglet nutrition and physiology, highlighting the potential of BSF meals in enhancing the sustainability of the swine industry.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Elena Sinkiewicz-Darol, Urszula Bernatowicz-Lojko, Katarzyna Lubiech, Iwona Adamczyk, Magdalena Twaruzek, Barbara Baranowska, Krzysztof Skowron, Diane L. Spatz
Summary: This study found that milk from tandem breastfeeding mothers had higher fat content, energy value, and total protein concentration compared to milk after weaning, while the carbohydrate content remained stable. The composition of breastmilk changes after weaning to meet the nutritional requirements of the younger child.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Hyun Jun Jang, Sang In Lee
Summary: Different miRNAs show distinct expression patterns in the small intestine of piglets after weaning, potentially impacting the development and health of piglets.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sijing Liu, Yongxin Xie, Yingxin Zhu, Borong Lin, Bin Cao, Nyuk Hien Wong, Jianlei Niu, Zhaosong Fang, Dayi Lai, Weiwei Liu, Jianxiu Wen, Di Mou, Hao Tang, Zhaoru Liu, Marcel Ignatius
Summary: The study demonstrates that people are less sensitive to changes in thermal environment outdoors compared to indoors. Thermal comfort cannot be simply equated to thermal neutrality, especially in outdoor spaces. Outdoor spaces in certain climate zones exhibit higher comfort rates, and natural thermal resources may hold the key to extending indoor comfort ranges.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Review
Veterinary Sciences
Lan Zheng, Marcos Elias Duarte, Ana Sevarolli Loftus, Sung Woo Kim
Summary: The primary goal of nursery pig management is to ensure a smooth weaning transition to minimize growth issues. Weaning causes changes in the morphology and function of pig intestines, with the shift from milk to solid feed being a major challenge. Functional feed additives can help enhance nutrient digestion, intestinal health, and growth in nursery pigs, but factors such as ingredient palatability and optimal supplemental levels need to be considered. Further research is needed to explore the effects of different additives and their interactions in post-weaning pig diets.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Minghui Cui, Guangfu Tang, Fang Yan, Shunshan Wang, Xi Wang, Junhu Yao, Xiurong Xu
Summary: This study evaluated the protective effect of heat-inactivated Escherichia coli (IEC) on the intestines of weaned rats challenged with Salmonella Typhimurium (S.Typhimurium). The results showed that oral administration of IEC during suckling alleviated S.Typhimurium-induced injury in ileal morphology by increasing the levels of tight junction proteins and secreted proteins in the intestinal mucosa. Furthermore, pre-stimulation with IEC enhanced immune responses and decreased certain bacterial abundances after intestinal infection.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Norlidah Alias, Sakinah AwangHarun, Khairul Azhar Jamaludin
Summary: This paper aims to reconceptualize Advanced Nursing Education in Malaysia and proposes a Mechanical Ventilation Weaning Pedagogy framework to meet the demand for nurses with critical thinking skills.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Kalyanaraman Kumaran, Ghattu Krishnaveni, Kumar Gavali Suryanarayana, Manohar Prabhu Prasad, Antonisamy Belavendra, Stephanie Atkinson, Ramaswamy Balasubramaniam, Robert H. J. Bandsma, Zulfiqar A. Bhutta, Giriraj Ratan Chandak, Elena M. Comelli, Sandra T. Davidge, Cindy-Lee Dennis, Geoffrey L. Hammond, Prabhat Jha, K. S. Joseph, Sadhana R. Joshi, Murali Krishna, Kang Lee, Stephen Lye, Patrick McGowan, Pablo Nepomnaschy, Vivek Padvetnaya, Saumyadipta Pyne, Harshpal Singh Sachdev, Sirazul Ameen Sahariah, Nalini Singhal, Jacquetta Trasler, Chittaranjan S. Yajnik, Janis Baird, Mary Barker, Marie-Claude Martin, Nusrat Husain, Daniel Sellen, Caroline H. D. Fall, Prakesh S. Shah, Stephen G. Matthews
Summary: The study protocol describes a comprehensive intervention to reduce non-communicable disease risks in children through a village-based cluster randomised design in rural India. The multifaceted intervention includes measures to optimize nutrition, parenting programme, lifestyle behavior change intervention, and environmental pollution reduction. The study will collect various biospecimens to assess intervention effects and conduct intention-to-treat analysis and process and economic evaluations.
Article
Immunology
Michelle K. McGuire, Arlo Z. Randall, Antti E. Seppo, Kirsi M. Jarvinen, Courtney L. Meehan, Debela Gindola, Janet E. Williams, Daniel W. Sellen, Elizabeth W. Kamau-Mbuthia, Egidioh W. Kamundia, Samwel Mbugua, Sophie E. Moore, Andrew M. Prentice, James A. Foster, Gloria E. Otoo, Juan M. Rodriguez, Rossina G. Pareja, Lars Bode, Mark A. McGuire, Joseph J. Campo
Summary: Breastfeeding provides defense against infectious diseases for infants, with research showing that milk-borne immunoglobulins have specific antigen responses to pathogens. Variations in IgA and IgG responses among populations were identified, with different reactivity patterns associated with different income levels. This research offers promising insights into how breastfeeding and human milk can protect infants from pathogens and potential interventions for population-specific immunity in at-risk mothers and infants.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jo-Anna B. Baxter, Yaqub Wasan, Muhammad Islam, Simon Cousens, Sajid B. Soofi, Imran Ahmed, Daniel W. Sellen, Zulfiqar A. Bhutta
Summary: The study found that dietary diversity was lacking among sampled Pakistani adolescent girls, mainly due to poverty being the most important predictor of a diet lacking in diversity. Among the social determinants associated with DDS, wealth quintile had the strongest association.
MATERNAL AND CHILD NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Alison Mildon, Jane Francis, Stacia Stewart, Bronwyn Underhill, Yi Man Ng, Christina Rousseau, Erica Di Ruggiero, Cindy-Lee Dennis, Deborah L. O'Connor, Daniel W. Sellen
Summary: While 70% of participants continued breastfeeding for 6 months, only 18% practiced exclusive breastfeeding for the full duration. The early use of formula was common in the first three months, and the introduction of solids and non-formula fluids at 5 to 6 months further compromised exclusive breastfeeding rates. Transitions between different categories of breastmilk feeding intensity were common, with 35% making two or more transitions. High levels of breastmilk provision were observed despite low rates of exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months, highlighting the need for nuanced reporting and intervention designs in future studies.
MATERNAL AND CHILD NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Iulia Badescu, David P. Watts, M. Anne Katzenberg, Daniel W. Sellen
Summary: Maternal lactational investment can vary based on infant sex, with mothers of male chimpanzees showing higher levels of milk contribution and longer inter-birth intervals compared to mothers of female chimpanzees. This bias towards sons suggests potential greater maternal investment in male offspring and may ultimately lead to higher reproductive success and inclusive fitness for mothers.
BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY AND SOCIOBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Amos K. Laar, Phyllis Addo, Richmond Aryeetey, Charles Agyemang, Francis Zotor, Gershim Asiki, Krystal K. Rampalli, Gideon S. Amevinya, Akua Tandoh, Silver Nanema, Akosua Pokua Adjei, Matilda E. Laar, Kobby Mensah, Dennis Laryea, Daniel Sellen, Stefanie Vandevijvere, Christopher Turner, Hibbah Osei-Kwasi, Mark Spires, Christine Blake, Dominic Rowland, Suneetha Kadiyala, Isabel Madzorera, Adama Diouf, Namukolo Covic, Isaac M. Dzudzor, Reginald Annan, Peiman Milani, John Nortey, Nicholas Bricas, Sukati Mphumuzi, Kenneth Yongabi Anchang, Ali Jafri, Meenal Dhall, Amanda Lee, Sally Mackay, Samuel O. Oti, Karen Hofman, Edward A. Frongillo, Michelle Holdsworth
Summary: This paper highlights the lack of research and policy action in Africa to improve food environments and reduce the intake of suboptimal diets and its adverse health outcomes. The dietary and nutrition transitions in Africa have led to changes in food environments and dietary behaviors, contributing to the complex burden of malnutrition-obesity and other diet-related noncommunicable diseases. Unhealthy or obesogenic food environments have been linked to suboptimal diets and associated adverse health outcomes. The paper emphasizes the urgent need for contextual evidence to motivate and enable supportive food environments in Africa for better population health.
ADVANCES IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Shane A. Norris, Catherine E. Draper, Alessandra Prioreschi, C. M. Smuts, Lisa Jayne Ware, CindyLee Dennis, Philip Awadalla, D. Bassani, Zulfiqar Bhutta, Laurent Briollais, D. William Cameron, Tobias Chirwa, B. Fallon, C. M. Gray, Jill Hamilton, J. Jamison, Heather Jaspan, Jennifer Jenkins, Kathleen Kahn, A. P. Kengne, Estelle Lambert, Naomi Levitt, Marie-Claude Martin, Michele Ramsay, Daniel Roth, Stephen Scherer, Daniel Sellen, Wiedaad Slemming, Deborah Sloboda, M. Szyf, Stephen Tollman, Mark Tomlinson, Suzanne Tough, Stephen G. Matthews, Linda Richter, Stephen Lye
Summary: The evolving burden of disease in South Africa poses challenges, including persistent infectious diseases, increasing obesity rates, especially among women, and rising non-communicable diseases. This study aims to improve the health and reduce the risk of obesity and non-communicable diseases in South African children by intervening during the preconception period and pregnancy, focusing on women's nutrition, physical and mental health, and health behaviors. It is the first individual randomized controlled trial in Africa to test the efficacy of a complex continuum of care intervention.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Iulia Badescu, David P. Watts, Cassandra Curteanu, Kelly J. Desruelle, Daniel W. Sellen
Summary: The interaction between infant feeding and maternal lactational physiology affects inter-birth intervals and maternal reproductive trade-offs. This study suggests that chimpanzee mothers maintain a fixed level of lactation effort over several years as infants increasingly supplement their energy and nutritional needs through independent foraging.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Alison Mildon, Jane Francis, Stacia Stewart, Bronwyn Underhill, Yi Man Ng, Christina Rousseau, Erica Di Ruggiero, Cindy-Lee Dennis, Alex Kiss, Deborah L. O'Connor, Daniel W. Sellen
Summary: This study aims to examine whether the use of expressed human milk in the first two weeks postpartum is associated with the cessation of human milk feeding and non-exclusive human milk feeding up to 6 months. The results show that the use of expressed human milk at 2 weeks postpartum is associated with the cessation of human milk feeding before 6 months and with non-exclusive human milk feeding to 4 months and 6 months.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Akua Tandoh, Richmond Aryeetey, Charles Agyemang, Michelle Holdsworth, Gershim Asiki, Francis Zotor, Kobby Mensah, Matilda E. Laar, Dennis Laryea, Daniel Sellen, Stefanie Vandevijvere, Amos Laar
Summary: This paper introduces the concept of the Africa Food Environment Research Network (FERN) initiative, which aims to enhance research capacity and collaboration in studying food environments in Africa. The initiative focuses on building research capacity, promoting partnerships, and addressing the current and future needs of food environment research and monitoring in Africa.
GLOBAL HEALTH PROMOTION
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Akosua Pokua Adjei, Gideon Senyo Amevinya, Wilhemina Quarpong, Akua Tandoh, Richmond Aryeetey, Michelle Holdsworth, Charles Agyemang, Francis Zotor, Matilda E. Laar, Kobby Mensah, Phyllis Addo, Dennis Laryea, Gershim Asiki, Daniel Sellen, Stefanie Vandevijvere, Amos Laar
Summary: This study reveals the widespread availability of ultra-processed foods in modern retail outlets in the selected districts. The majority of the foods sold were categorized as unhealthy, with a high proportion of processed foods and sugar-sweetened beverages. The ratio of ultra-processed to unprocessed foods was 5:1, indicating a need for measures to improve the availability of healthy foods in supermarkets and mini-marts.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Alison Mildon, Jane Francis, Stacia Stewart, Bronwyn Underhill, Yi Man Ng, Christina Rousseau, Valerie Tarasuk, Erica Di Ruggiero, Cindy-Lee Dennis, Deborah L. O'Connor, Daniel W. Sellen
Summary: This study aimed to assess the prevalence, severity, and predictors of household food insecurity among vulnerable women accessing the Canada Prenatal Nutrition Program (CPNP), as well as the associations between household food insecurity and breastfeeding practices up to 6 months. The results showed that household food insecurity was highly prevalent among this cohort, affecting almost half of the participants. However, there was no significant association between food insecurity and continued or exclusive breastfeeding.
PUBLIC HEALTH NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Anthropology
Beatrice Caffe, Aaron Blackwell, Bethaney D. Fehrenkamp, Janet E. Williams, Ryan M. Pace, Kimberly A. Lackey, Lorena Ruiz, Juan M. Rodriguez, Mark A. McGuire, James A. Foster, Daniel W. Sellen, Elizabeth W. Kamau-Mbuthia, Egidioh W. Kamundia, Samwel Mbugua, Sophie E. Moore, Andrew M. Prentice, Linda J. Kvist, Gloria E. Otoo, Rossina G. Pareja, Lars Bode, Dubale Gebeyehu, Debela K. Gindola, Sarah Boothman, Katherine Flores, Michelle K. McGuire, Courtney L. Meehan
Summary: By investigating the relationship between the concentrations of immune factors in breast milk and infant sex and maternal condition, this study found that IgG concentrations were influenced by maternal diet diversity, with lower concentrations in breast milk of women consuming diets with low diversity and male infants, providing minimal support for the Trivers-Willard hypothesis.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Zoology
Iulia Badescu, Cassandra Curteanu, Daniel W. Sellen, David P. Watts, M. Anne Katzenberg
Summary: This study used stable isotopes to assess the feeding patterns of wild chimpanzee infants. By analyzing naturally shed hair, the researchers found that infants had the highest dependency on plant food at 1-2 years old, and started relying more heavily on plants from the age of 2. However, milk remained an important dietary component for older infants.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PRIMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jane Francis, Samantha Ismail, Alison Mildon, Stacia Stewart, Bronwyn Underhill, Valerie Tarasuk, Erica Di Ruggiero, Alex Kiss, Daniel W. Sellen, Deborah L. O'Connor
Summary: The research findings show that the Canada Prenatal Nutrition Program (CPNP) primarily serves socially/economically vulnerable women, with income being a key factor influencing participation levels, while other maternal characteristics have little impact on participation rates.
HEALTH PROMOTION AND CHRONIC DISEASE PREVENTION IN CANADA-RESEARCH POLICY AND PRACTICE
(2021)