Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alice E. Zemljic-Harpf, Louise E. See Hoe, Jan M. Schilling, Juan P. Zuniga-Hertz, Alexander Nguyen, Yash J. Vaishnav, Gianna J. Belza, Boris P. Budiono, Piyush M. Patel, Brian P. Head, Wolfgang H. Dillmann, Sushil K. Mahata, Jason N. Peart, David M. Roth, John P. Headrick, Hemal H. Patel
Summary: The study demonstrates that morphine treatment can improve cardiac function and structure, enhance tolerance to ischemia-reperfusion injury, and potentially have translational value in diabetic patients.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Chantal Eickelmann, Helmut Raphael Lieder, Sharaf-Eldin Shehada, Matthias Thielmann, Gerd Heusch, Petra Kleinbongard
Summary: Mitochondrial function is critical for myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury and cardioprotection. Measuring mitochondrial function in permeabilized cardiac tissue can reflect mitochondrial dysfunction following ischemia-reperfusion.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Eliana P. Bin, Tamara Zaobornyj, Mariana Garces, Veronica D'Annunzio, Bruno Buchholz, Timoteo Marchini, Pablo Evelson, Ricardo J. Gelpi, Martin Donato
Summary: The rupture of the plasma membrane is the key point in cell death, which can be prevented by remote ischemic preconditioning through inhibiting MMP-2 activity. Besides, remote ischemic preconditioning also improves mitochondrial function, increasing membrane potential, ATP production and respiratory control.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Mahalakshmi Ansari, Priyanka N. Prem, Gino A. Kurian
Summary: The present study investigated the efficacy of hydrogen sulfide post-conditioning (HPOC) in diabetic rat hearts challenged with ischemia-reperfusion, and found that HPOC effectively reduced cardiac injury and improved hemodynamics in normal and diabetic hearts, but not in hearts with diabetic cardiomyopathy. The study also revealed that altered myocardial architecture, exacerbated oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction contributed to the failure of HPOC cardioprotection in diabetic cardiomyopathy.
MICROVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Ana C. M. Omoto, Jussara M. do Carmo, Benjamin Nelson, Nikaela Aitken, Xuemei Dai, Sydney Moak, Elizabeth Flynn, Zhen Wang, Alan J. Mouton, Xuan Li, John E. Hall, Alexandre A. da Silva
Summary: This study found that central nervous system actions of leptin can significantly improve cardiac function and mitochondrial metabolism after myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury, regardless of sex. These effects are largely independent of cardiac sympathetic innervation.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Li-Ming Yu, Xue Dong, Xiao-Dong Xue, Shu Xu, Xu Zhang, Yin-Li Xu, Zhi-Shang Wang, Yang Wang, Hao Gao, Yan-Xiao Liang, Yang Yang, Hui-Shan Wang
Summary: Targeting mitochondrial quality control with melatonin shows promise in attenuating diabetic cardiomyopathy. Activation of SIRT6 and melatonin membrane receptors exerts cardioprotective effects, playing a key role in preserving mitochondrial quality control. Long-term melatonin treatment may be a promising strategy for diabetic patients in reducing myocardial vulnerability to ischemia-reperfusion injury.
JOURNAL OF PINEAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Hiran A. Prag, Dunja Aksentijevic, Andreas Dannhorn, Abigail Giles, John F. Mulvey, Olga Sauchanka, Luping Du, Georgina Bates, Johannes Reinhold, Duvaraka Kula-Alwar, Zhelong Xu, Luc Pellerin, Richard J. A. Goodwin, Michael P. Murphy, Thomas Krieg
Summary: Malonate selectively enters cardiomyocytes during reperfusion in a low pH environment caused by ischemia, protecting against cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Wen Jiang, Yuxiang Zhang, Wei Zhang, Xiaomei Pan, Jieyu Liu, Qiang Chen, Junhui Chen
Summary: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is the leading cause of death worldwide. Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a common contributor to AMI. Hirsutine has been shown to protect cardiomyocytes against hypoxic injury. In this study, hirsutine pre-treatment improved myocardial I/R injury by reducing infarct size, enhancing cardiac function, inhibiting cell apoptosis, and balancing mitochondrial dynamics. Mechanistically, hirsutine inhibited mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis by blocking the AKT/ASK-1/p38 MAPK pathway. This study provides a promising therapeutic intervention for myocardial I/R injury.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL HYPERTENSION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Karthi Shanmugam, Priyanka N. Prem, Sri Rahavi Boovarahan, Bhavana Sivakumar, Gino A. Kurian
Summary: According to previous study, fisetin is reported to have cardio protective effects through preservation of interfibrillar mitochondria (IFM), with higher mitochondrial bioavailability in IFM compared to subsarcolemmal mitochondria (SSM). Fisetin increased mitochondrial ATP production in hearts with I/R insult by activating ETC complex 1.
CELL BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS
(2022)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Xiaoguang Wu, Yi Li, Shuchen Zhang, Xiang Zhou
Summary: Cell death is a significant factor in cardiovascular disease pathophysiology. Ferroptosis, a regulated cell death form characterized by iron overload and lipid hydroperoxide accumulation, is closely associated with various diseases and plays critical roles in cardiomyopathy, myocardial infarction, ischemia/reperfusion injury, and heart failure. Targeting ferroptosis may offer potential novel therapeutic strategies for cardiovascular diseases.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Niloofar Ale-Agha, Philipp Jakobs, Christine Goy, Mark Zurek, Julia Rosen, Nadine Dyballa-Rukes, Sabine Metzger, Jan Greulich, Florian von Ameln, Olaf Eckermann, Klaus Unfried, Fedor Brack, Maria Grandoch, Matthias Thielmann, Markus Kamler, Nilgun Gedik, Petra Kleinbongard, Andre Heinen, Gerd Heusch, Axel Godecke, Joachim Altschmied, Judith Haendeler
Summary: By generating new mouse models with either mitochondrial TERT or nuclear TERT, it was discovered that mitochondrial TERT plays a critical role in protecting the heart, improving complex I activity, reducing infarct size, and promoting vascularization. Mitochondrial TERT has positive effects on the functions of cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells, suggesting therapeutic potential for cardiac protection.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Abigail R. Bland, Fergus M. Payne, John C. Ashton, Tannaz Jamialahmadi, Amirhossein Sahebkar
Summary: During cardiac reperfusion after myocardial infarction, the heart faces ischaemia reperfusion injury (IRI) which leads to myocardial dysfunction and cell death. Research has identified potential targeted therapies focusing on mitochondria, such as opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore, activation of mitoK(ATP) channels, and inhibition of GSK3 beta phosphorylation, to reduce the severity of myocardial IRI. Additionally, statins have shown direct cardioprotective effects on specific mitochondrial components, indicating their potential as a preconditioning agent.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Houyou Yu, Xin Hong, Lihua Liu, Yangpeng Wu, Xuemei Xie, Guoxiang Fang, Shaomin Zhi
Summary: Cordycepin protects diabetic hearts from MI/R injury by promoting mitochondrial fusion and Mfn2 expression. The study also demonstrated that the AMPK/Mfn2-dependent mitochondrial fusion mechanism contributes to the cardioprotective role of cordycepin.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yu Sun, Pu Zhang, Yuqing Li, Yajun Hou, Chenyang Yin, Zekun Wang, Ziyu Liao, Xiaoyan Fu, Man Li, Cundong Fan, Dongdong Sun, Liang Cheng
Summary: Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative damage are important mechanisms of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Designing gold-selenium nanostructures with targeting capabilities can attenuate cellular damage and oxidative stress, improving myocardial function through the regulation of MAPK and PI3K/AKT pathways.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sri Rahavi Boovarahan, David Raj Chellappan, Nemat Ali, Abdullah F. AlAsmari, Mohammad Waseem, Abdullah Saad Alabdulrahim, Ziyad Ali Alzahrani, Gino A. Kurian
Summary: A recent study has shown that elevated global DNA methylation levels in diabetic ischemia reperfusion (I/R) rat hearts worsen mitochondrial function, leading to increased infarct size and altered hemodynamics. Downregulation of POLGA, TFAM, and PGC1 alpha genes contributed to the mitochondrial dysfunction observed in diabetic I/R hearts.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Mahalakshmi Ansari, Gino A. Kurian
CARDIOVASCULAR TOXICOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
A. Mahalakshmi, Gino A. Kurian
NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERGS ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mahalakshmi Ansari, Gino A. Kurian
JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMICAL AND MOLECULAR TOXICOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sriram Ravindran, Senthilkumar Gopalakrishnan, Gino A. Kurian
JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMICAL AND MOLECULAR TOXICOLOGY
(2020)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Bhavana Sivakumar, Gino A. Kurian
Summary: Continued exposure to Traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) is expected to increase the incidence of non communicable diseases, particularly cardiovascular disease, by enhancing calcium deposition in the vasculature, leading to coronary artery calcification (CAC) triggered by inflammatory reactions and endothelial dysfunction.
REVIEWS ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Karthi Shanmugam, Priyanka N. Prem, Sri Rahavi Boovarahan, Bhavana Sivakumar, Gino A. Kurian
Summary: According to previous study, fisetin is reported to have cardio protective effects through preservation of interfibrillar mitochondria (IFM), with higher mitochondrial bioavailability in IFM compared to subsarcolemmal mitochondria (SSM). Fisetin increased mitochondrial ATP production in hearts with I/R insult by activating ETC complex 1.
CELL BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Meenakshi Ramanathan, Sri Rahavi Boovarahan, Sakthivel Gandhi, Gino A. Kurian
Summary: Encapsulation of CORM-2 in mesoporous silica (MSN-A-CORM-2) enhances its protective effect against cardiac hypoxia reoxygenation injury in H9C2 and 3T3 cells. The compound exhibits lower toxicity compared to standard CORM-2 and shows enhanced potential in combating hypoxia reoxygenation injury when encapsulated in mesoporous silica.
JOURNAL OF POROUS MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Bhavana Sivakumar, Gino A. Kurian
Summary: This study investigated the direct effects of PM2.5 from diesel exhaust on cardiac recovery after myocardial infarction (MI) in female rats. The results showed that exposure to DPM worsened fibrosis, cardiac injury, and electrophysiological changes in post-MI rat hearts. Additionally, DPM exposure led to mitochondrial damage and downregulation of genes involved in mitochondrial quality control. The findings indicate that PM2.5 exposure impairs the recovery potential of the myocardium, increasing the risk and severity of MI.
CARDIOVASCULAR TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Priyanka N. Prem, Bhavana Sivakumar, Sri Rahavi Boovarahan, Gino A. Kurian
Summary: The current study compared the efficacy of short-term and long-term administration of fisetin in reducing myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. The results showed that short-term treatment with fisetin significantly reduced cardiac injury, improved cardiac function and mitochondrial activity, while long-term treatment did not have a significant effect. There was no significant difference in the protective effect between oral and intraperitoneal administration of fisetin.
NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERGS ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Plant Sciences
Priyanka N. Prem, Bhavana Sivakumar, Sri Rahavi Boovarahan, Gino A. Kurian
Summary: Fisetin is an effective flavonoid with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, proven to be cardioprotective against ischemia-reperfusion injury. It exerts its biological effects not only as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent but also through modulatory actions on various signaling pathways.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Keerthana Baskaran, Jefri Thimoathi Johnson, Priyanka N. Prem, Sriram Ravindran, Gino A. Kurian
Summary: Cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury (CIR) is a clinical manifestation encountered in stroke management. Vascular calcification (VC) in stroke patients may affect the outcome of CIR, and the efficacy of mechanical preconditioning (IPC) and pharmacological conditioning with sodium thiosulphate (STS) in ameliorating IR remains unclear.
NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERGS ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Bhavana Sivakumar, Ahmed Nadeem, Mashooq Ahmad Dar, Gino A. Kurian
Summary: This study investigated the potential of GSK3 beta as a drug for managing myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (IR) and found that extended exposure to PM2.5 disrupts mitochondrial function and diminishes the effectiveness of GSK3 beta inhibitors.
Article
Tropical Medicine
Bhavana Sivakumar, Rahavi Boovarahan, Gino A. Kurian
ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF TROPICAL BIOMEDICINE
(2020)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
A. Kumarasamy, G. A. Kurian
INDIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES
(2019)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Priyadharshini Chandrasekaran, Sriram Ravindran, Rahavi Boovarahan, Gino A. Kurian
BANGLADESH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Siva Santhiya Arul, Brinda Balakrishnan, Savithri S. Handanahal, Sangita Venkataraman
Summary: Viral nanoparticles are self-assembling delivery systems used for vaccines and therapeutic agents. They have improved biocompatibility and are widely used in various biomedical applications. However, large-scale production of VNPs still faces challenges.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wisely Chua, Carl O. Marsh, Si En Poh, Winston LC. Koh, Melody Li Ying Lee, Li Fang Koh, Xin-Zi Emily Tang, Peter See, Zheng Ser, Shi Mei Wang, Radoslaw M. Sobota, Thomas L. Dawson Jr, Yik Weng Yew, Steven Thng, Anthony J. O'Donoghue, Hazel H. Oon, John E. Common, Hao Li
Summary: In this study, the gene expression of enzymes secreted by Malassezia globosa in the skin was investigated using targeted RNA sequencing. The study found that the expression of these enzymes is regulated by the fungus's environment and differs significantly from healthy skin sites. Additionally, a pseudoprotease MGL_3331 was identified to elicit an immune reaction in patients with atopic dermatitis. This highlights the importance of studying fungal proteins in physiologically relevant environments and their role in host immunity.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Belisa Parmeggiani, Marian Flores Signori, Cristiane Cecatto, Marina Rocha Frusciante, Manuela Bianchin Marcuzzo, Debora Guerini Souza, Rafael Teixeira Ribeiro, Bianca Seminotti, Diogo Onofre Gomes de Souza, Cesar Augusto Joa o Ribeiro, Moacir Wajner, Guilhian Leipnitz
Summary: Non ketotic hyperglycinemia (NKH) is a disorder caused by mutations in the genes encoding glycine cleavage system proteins, leading to severe neurodegeneration and white matter alterations. The study found that glycine affects myelin structure, glutamatergic system, and induces oxidative stress in neonatal rats and MO3.13 oligodendroglial cells.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marie Rose Ndella Thiaw, Pascal Gantet
Summary: Mini zinc fingers play important roles in plant development, including control of cell division and expansion, meristem state transition, and growth and organ development. They have diverse modes of action, such as direct gene activation, interaction with specific transcription factors, and aggregation of protein complexes for chromatin remodeling. Further research is needed to explore their wider range of biological functions and their involvement in biotic and abiotic stress responses.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shao-Jui Lai, Takahiro Kameda, Maasa Morita, Yuka Yamagata, Kaoruko Nishizaka, Yuna Horiuchi, Yukihiro Kobayashi, Yoko Usami, Jun-Jen Liu, Takeshi Kasama, Minoru Tozuka, Ryunosuke Ohkawa
Summary: In this study, the co-modification and impact of chymase and MPO on HDL were investigated. Sequential treatment with MPO and chymase generated two novel apoA-I fragments from HDL, one of which has a specific immunological property and can be used to predict patients with normal HDL-C levels and cardiovascular diseases.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiao-Mi Sun, Asami Yoshida, Takuya Ishii, Yan-Rong Jiang, Yi-Li Gao, Mikinori Ueno, Katsuya Hirasaka, Kiyoshi Osatomi
Summary: This study found that infection with the causative bacteria of edwardsiellosis, Edwardsiella tarda NUF251, leads to the production of superoxide radicals, causing oxidative stress. The research on the Jfsod1 gene suggests that the transcription factor NF-IL6 plays a significant role in upregulating the transcriptional activity of the gene in response to oxidative stress induced by NUF251 infection.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shane M. Carey, Sean P. Kearns, Matthew E. Millington, Gregory S. Buechner, Beda E. Alvarez Jr, Leily Daneshian, Brendan Abiskaroon, Maksymilian Chruszcz, Edward L. D'Antonio
Summary: The importance of F337 in TcGlcK was investigated using the hole mutagenesis approach, revealing its key interactions with aromatic tail groups in inhibitor molecules. Mutants retaining activity and structural similarity were obtained, suggesting the possibility of TcHxK existing as a monomer lacking the F337 residue. Similar D-glucosamine inhibitors may bind less strongly to TcHxK due to the absence of van der Waals contacts from residue side chains.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Catia Barria, Diogo Athayde, Guillem Hernandez, Leonor Fonseca, Jorge Casinhas, Tiago N. Cordeiro, Margarida Archer, Cecilia M. Arraiano, Jose A. Brito, Rute G. Matos
Summary: Ribonucleases play a crucial role in RNA regulation by processing, degrading, and quality controlling cellular transcripts. Campylobacter jejuni, the main cause of human gastroenteritis, relies on the exoribonuclease PNPase (CjPNP) for low-temperature survival, virulence factor synthesis, and swimming, cell adhesion/invasion, and chick colonization abilities. The crystallographic structure of CjPNP, along with SAXS analysis, confirms its trimeric arrangement and provides insight into domain arrangement and flexibility. Mutations in highly conserved residues reveal unexpected RNA degradation activity even under conditions favoring polymerization. These findings have significant implications for the development of strategies to combat C. jejuni infections.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elvira R. Shaykhutdinova, Maria S. Severyukhina, Inna V. Kholoshenko, Elena A. Gondarenko, Irina V. Shelukhina, Elena V. Kryukova, Alina M. Ismailova, Elena S. Sadovnikova, Igor A. Dyachenko, Arkady N. Murashev, Victor I. Tsetlin, Yuri N. Utkin
Summary: Evidence suggests that activating nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) can reduce cardiac injury caused by ischemia and reperfusion. In this study, the expression of a4, a6, and a132 nAChR subunits in the rat heart's left ventricle was demonstrated. The nAChR agonists cytisine and varenicline, commonly used for nicotine addiction treatment, were found to significantly reduce myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, with varenicline showing greater protection. The presence of a4132, a7, and/or a6132-containing receptors suggests that the protective effect of varenicline may be mediated by these subunits. These findings indicate a potential new use for cytisine and varenicline as cardioprotective agents.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xinhai Xiong, Wenjie Chen, Cheng Chen, Qi Wu, Chaopeng He
Summary: This article summarizes the important roles of Cx43 in disease development from the perspective of subcellular localization and provides new ideas for Cx43 as a therapeutic target and the search for related pathological mechanisms.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Veronica Bastos, Simone Pascoal, Kamila Lopes, Marcia Mortari, Helena Oliveira
Summary: Cancer, especially melanoma, is a major global health problem due to its metastatic capacity, treatment resistance, and high mortality rates. The Chartergellus-CP1 peptide isolated from Chartergellus communis wasp venom showed selective cytotoxicity towards melanoma cell lines, inducing apoptosis, cell cycle impairment, and intracellular ROS increase.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Charlotte Claeyssen, Nathan Bulangalire, Bruno Bastide, Onnik Agbulut, Caroline Cieniewski-Bernard
Summary: Maintenance of striated muscle tissue relies on a dynamic network of protein-protein interactions. Desmin intermediate filaments play a crucial role in heart and skeletal muscle by maintaining cell structure and contributing to various cellular processes. The assembly of desmin intermediate filaments requires aB-crystallin, which is involved in multiple cellular functions.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dhritiman Dey, Adhiraj Dasgupta, Dipanjan Ghosh, Oindrila Bhattacharjee, Abhrajyoti Ghosh, Ayae Honda, Dhrubajyoti Chattopadhyay
Summary: This study successfully identified host factors that interact with Chandipura Virus (CHPV) and play a critical role in infection, including A2M, LRP1, and GRP78. Knocking out A2M has a severe effect on viral infection, indicating the potential role of these host proteins in viral entry into host cells.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anna Dotsenko, Igor Sinelnikov, Aleksandra Rozhkova, Ivan Zorov, Arkady Sinitsyn
Summary: Xylanases play important roles in various industrial applications, such as feed additives, pulp and paper bleaching, and the production of bread, food, and drinks. Xylanases from the GH10 family show high thermostability and resistance to protein inhibitors, making them promising candidates for these processes. This study successfully improved the thermostability and enzymatic activity of GH10 xylanase, which could enhance its effectiveness as a feed additive and during pulp and paper bleaching.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
M. Jaquet, M. Bengue, K. Lambert, G. Carnac, D. Misse, C. Bisbal
Summary: Changes to our environment have led to the emergence of human pathogens such as chikungunya virus, which is now a major public health concern. In this study, the interconnection between skeletal muscle cells metabolism, their differentiation stage, and the infectivity of chikungunya virus was investigated. The results showed that chikungunya virus infectivity is dependent on cell differentiation and metabolism and that the virus interferes with cellular metabolism.